Farnesoid X receptor agonists and uses thereof

1. A compound that has the structure of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof:

wherein,

ring A is a 5-membered heteroaryl that is oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, or thiadiazolyl;

or ring A is a 6-membered heteroaryl that is pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or triazinyl;

or ring A is phenyl;

X 1 is CH or N;

R 1 is H, D, halogen, —CN, —OH, —N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 N(R 15 ) 2 , —OC(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —NR 15 C(═O)O(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —OC(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —SH, —S(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic C 2 -C 5 heterocycloalkyl;

X 2 is CR 2 or N;

R 2 is H, D, halogen, —CN, —OH, —N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 N(R 15 ) 2 , —OC(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —NR 15 C(═O)O(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —OC(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —SH, —S(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic C 2 -C 5 heterocycloalkyl;

or R 1 and R 2 are taken together with the intervening atoms to form a substituted or unsubstituted fused 5- or 6-membered ring with 0-3 N atoms and 0-2 O or S atoms in the ring;

X 3 is CR 3 or N;

R 3 is H, D, halogen, —CN, —OH, —N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —OC(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl;

each X 4 is independently CH or N;

R 4 and R 5 are taken together to form a bridge that is —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —;

each R 6 is independently H, D, F, —OH, or —CH 3 ;

m is 0, 1, or 2;

R 7 is H, D, halogen, —CN, —OH, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, or C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl;

L is absent, —Y 2 -L 1 -, -L 1 -Y 2 —, cyclopropylene, cyclobutylene or bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylene;

Y 2 is absent, —O—, —S—, —S(═O)—, —S(═O) 2 —, —S(═O) 2 NR 15 —, —CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —C(═O)—, —C(═O)O—, —OC(═O)—, —OC(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)—, —OC(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)O—, —NR 15 C(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 S(═O) 2 —, or —NR 15 ;

L 1 is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkylene;

R 8 is H, D, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 6 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, —C(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —CO 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 N(R 15 ) 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic C 2 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

R 9 is H, D, F or —CH 3 ;

R 10 is C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, —C(═O)R 14 , —OC(═O)OR 14 , tetrazolyl, imidazole, 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl, —S(═O) 2 N(R 12 ) 2 , —NR 15 S(═O) 2 R 14 , —C(═O)NR 15 S(═O) 2 R 14 , —S(═O) 2 NR 1 C(═O)R 14 , —CH 2 N(R 12 ) 2 , —C(═O)N(R 12 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)N(R 12 ) 2 , —C(═NH)NH 2 , —NHC(═NH)NH 2 , —C(═O)NHC(═NH)NH 2 , —S(═O) 2 OH or —OP(═O)(OR 15 ) 2 ;

or R 10 is -L 2 -L 3 -L 4 -R 13 ;

L 2 is absent, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkylene;

L 3 is absent, —O—, —S—, —S(═O)—, —S(═O) 2 —, —NR 15 —, —C(═O)—, —C(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)—, —C(═O)O—, —OC(═O)—, —OC(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)O—, —OP(═O)(OR 15 )O—, or —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) r —, r is 1 or 2;

L 4 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkylene;

R 13 is H, —CN, —N(R 12 ) 2 , —NR 15 S(═O) 2 R 14 , —S(═O) 2 N(R 12 ) 2 , —SR 12 , —S(═O)R 14 , —S(═O) 2 R 14 , —SO 3 H, —OP(═O)(OR 15 ) 2 , —C(═O)R 14 , —OC(═O)OR 14 , —C(═O)N(R 12 ) 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

R 11 is H, D, F, or —CH 3 ;

or R 9 and R 11 are taken together to form a bridge that is —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —;

each R 12 is independently H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

R 14 is C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

R 15 is H or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl;

each R 16 is independently H, D, halogen, —CN, —OH, —N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —S(═O) 2 N(R 15 ) 2 , —C(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —OC(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —CO 2 H, —CO 2 (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —NR 15 C(═O)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —C(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , —NR 15 C(═O)O(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), —OC(═O)N(R 15 ) 2 , C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 deuteroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic C 2 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl;

n is 0, 1, or 2.

2. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

ring A is a 5-membered heteroaryl that is thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, or thiadiazolyl.

3. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

4. The compound of claim 3 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

L is absent, —O—, —S—, —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 NR 15 —, —NR 15 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —C(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)—, —OC(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 C(═O)O—, —NR 15 C(═O)NR 15 —, —NR 15 S(═O) 2 —, —NR 15 —, cyclopropylene, cyclobutylene or bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylene.

5. The compound of claim 3 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

L is absent or —C≡C—.

6. The compound of claim 5 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

R 9 is H;

R 11 is H;

or R 9 and R 11 are taken together to form a bridge that is —CH 2 CH 2 —.

7. The compound of claim 6 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

R 4 and R 5 are taken together to form a bridge that is —CH 2 CH 2 —.

8. The compound of claim 7 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein the compound has the structure of Formula (V), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof:

9. The compound of claim 7 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

R 10 is C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, —C(═O)R 14 , —OC(═O)OR 14 , —C(═O)N(R 12 ) 2 , or —NR 15 C(═O)N(R 12 ) 2 ;

or R 10 is -L 2 -L 3 -L 4 -R 13 ;

L 2 is absent or —CH 2 —;

L 3 is absent, —O—, —NH—, —C(═O)NH—, —NHC(═O)—, —OC(═O)NH—, or —NHC(═O)O—;

L 4 is —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH(CH 2 OH)CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 —; and R 13 is H, —CN, —OH, —N(R 12 ) 2 , —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(CH 3 ) 3 , —CH 2 OH, —CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 OCH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 OH, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NHCH 3 , —CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , —CO 2 H, —C(═O)NHCH 3 , —OC(═O)NHCH 3 , NHC(═O)CH 3 , NHC(═O)OCH 3 , NHS(═O) 2 CH 3 , SO 2 CH 3 , substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic heteroaryl.

10. The compound of claim 9 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

R 10 is C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, or —C(═O)N(R 12 ) 2 .

11. The compound of claim 10 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

X 2 is CR 2 ;

X 3 is CR 3 or N;

each X 4 is CH; or each X 4 is N; or one X 4 is N and the other X 4 is CH.

12. The compound of claim 11 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

R 1 is —OH, —NH 2 , —NH(CH 3 ), —N(CH 3 ) 2 , —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —SCH 3 , —CD 3 , —OCD 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , —CF 3 , —OCH 2 F, —OCHF 2 , —OCF 3 , or —OCH 2 CF 3 ;

R 2 is H, D, F, Cl, —CH 3 , —CD 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , or —CF 3 ;

R 3 is H.

13. The compound of claim 12 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

14. The compound of claim 13 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

R 8 is H, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(CH 3 ) 3 , —CD 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , —CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 3 , —CHFCH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 F, —CH 2 CH 2 OH, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 NHCH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 , substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexyl, substituted or unsubstituted oxetanyl, substituted or unsubstituted tetrahydrofuranyl, or substituted or unsubstituted tetrahydropyranyl.

15. The compound of claim 14 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein:

each R 16 is independently is H, D, F, Cl, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , —CH(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(CH 3 ) 3 , —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , —OCH(CH 3 ) 2 , —SCH 3 , —SCH 2 CH 3 , —SCH(CH 3 ) 2 , —CD 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , —CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 3 , substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl.

16. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or solvate thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

17. A method of treating liver fibrosis, liver inflammation, or a gastrointestinal disease or condition in a mammal, comprising administering to the mammal a compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein

the liver fibrosis is in a mammal diagnosed with hepatitis C virus (HCV), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), cirrhosis, Wilson's disease, hepatitis B virus (HBV), HIV associated steatohepatitis and cirrhosis, chronic viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), or biliary cirrhosis;

the liver inflammation is in a mammal diagnosed with hepatitis C virus (HCV), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), cirrhosis, Wilson's disease, hepatitis B virus (HBV), HIV associated steatohepatitis and cirrhosis, chronic viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), or biliary cirrhosis; or

the liver inflammation is in a mammal diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease; or

the liver inflammation is associated with inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract;

the gastrointestinal disease or condition is necrotizing enterocolitis, gastritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, gastroenteritis, radiation induced enteritis, pseudomembranous colitis, chemotherapy induced enteritis, gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer, non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), celiac disease, intestinal celiac disease, post-surgical inflammation, gastric carcinogenesis, graft versus host disease or any combination thereof; or

the gastrointestinal disease or condition is irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C), mixed IBS (IBS-M), unsubtyped IBS (IBS-U), or bile acid diarrhea (BAD).