Seal-healing valve for a medical instrument
The present application discloses medical instruments that utilize self-healing polymers as all or portion of the valves and valve assemblies thereof, such that these valves can self-heal while or after being punctured by an ancillary device during a surgical procedure and thereby help minimize blood loss and achieve hemostasis.
1. A medical instrument, the medical instrument comprising:
a main body having an axial path;
at least one opening through which an ancillary device may be introduced into the main body along the axial path; and
a valve assembly located adjacent to the opening along the axial path, the valve assembly comprising at least one material layer, the at least one material layer being at least partially comprised of a self-healing polymer that is capable of re-polymerization after being cut or punctured, wherein the at least one material layer comprises the self-healing polymer in microencapsulated form mixed with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyurethane (PUR).
2. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the at least one material layer is capable of re-polymerization after being cut or punctured without the need for the inclusion of chemicals, catalysts, or plasticizers in the valve assembly.
3. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the at least one material layer is capable of completely recovering its original shape at standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions within three minutes after being cut or punctured.
4. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the self-healing polymer has a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) backbone.
5. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the self-healing polymer has a polyurethane (PUR) backbone.
6. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the self-healing polymer comprises a PDMS elastomer formed by crosslinking chains of bis(3-aminopropyl)-terminated PDMS with a tetra-functional biphenyl unit via an aldimine polycondensation reaction.
7. The medical instrument of claim 6 , wherein the self-healing polymer has a main backbone of length 25000.
8. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the self-healing polymer comprises Zn(Hbimcp) 2 -PDMS, wherein (Hbimcp=2,6-bis((imino)methyl)-4-chlorophenol).
9. The medical instrument of claim 8 , wherein the self-healing polymer has a main backbone of a length between 700-900.
10. The medical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the valve assembly comprises a plurality of material layers.
11. The medical instrument of claim 10 , wherein the valve assembly comprises at least one material layer that is at least partially comprised of the self-healing polymer that is capable of re-polymerization after being cut or punctured, located between additional material layers comprised of PDMS or PUR in the absence of said self-healing polymer.
12. The medical instrument of claim 1 , the medical instrument further comprising a flexible sheath aligned with the axial path, the flexible sheath having a second opening opposite the at least one opening.
13. The medical instrument of claim 1 , the medical instrument further comprising a cap attached to the main body, wherein the at least one opening is located in the cap.
14. The medical instrument of claim 1 , the medical instrument further comprising a connecting portion adapted for attachment of a side tube thereto, the connecting portion having a path that is in fluid flow communication with the axial path of the main body.
15. A valve assembly adapted for use in a medical instrument, the valve assembly comprising at least one material layer, the at least one material layer being at least partially comprised of a self-healing polymer that is capable of re-polymerization after being cut or punctured without the need for the inclusion of chemicals, catalysts, or plasticizers in the at least one material layer, wherein the at least one material layer comprises the self-healing polymer in microencapsulated form mixed with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyurethane (PUR).
16. The valve assembly of claim 15 , wherein the at least one material layer is capable of completely recovering its original shape at standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions within three minutes after being cut or punctured.
17. The valve assembly of claim 15 , wherein the self-healing polymer has a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) backbone.
18. A method of constructing a medical instrument, the method comprising:
forming a main body of the medical instrument with a path located interior thereto, the path having a hollow interior;
forming an opening between an exterior of the medical instrument and the interior of the path;
forming a valve assembly comprising at least one material layer that is at least partially comprised of a self-healing polymer that is capable of recovering its original shape after insertion of an ancillary medical device through the at least one material layer, the at least one material layer comprising the self-healing polymer in microencapsulated form mixed with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyurethane (PUR); and
placing the valve assembly adjacent to the opening along the path.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the step of forming the valve assembly further comprises forming the at least one material layer of the self-healing polymer, the self-healing polymer being capable of completely recovering its original shape at standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions within three minutes after being cut or punctured.