Phosphinate as flame-proofing additive for PUR/PIR hard foam material
The invention relates to flame-proofed polyurethane hard foam material or polyurethane/polyisocyanurate hard foam material (designated below individually or jointly also as “PUR/PIR hard foam material”) comprising phosphinates (also hypophosphite), and to a method for producing PUR/PIR hard foam materials through the implementation of a reaction mixture containing A1 an isocyanate-reactive component, A2 propellant, A3 catalyst, A4 optionally additive, A5 flame-proofing agent, B an isocyanate component, characterised in that the flame-proofing agent A5 contains a phosphine according to the formula (I)M[(R) 2 PO 2 ] n , where R=in each case stands for H, C1- to C4-(hydroxy-)alkyl group or benzyl group, M=an element of the main groups 1 to 3, wherein hydrogen is excepted, and n=the number of the main group of M, and the proportion of the phosphine according to the formula (I) is 0.1 to 15 wt %, based on the total mass of components A1 to A5.
1. A process for producing rigid PUR/PIR foams, comprising reacting a reaction mixture comprising:
A1 an isocyanate-reactive component;
A2 blowing agent;
A3 catalyst;
A4 optionally additive;
A5 flame retardant; and
B an isocyanate component,
wherein the flame retardant A5 comprises a phosphinate of formula (I)
M[(R) 2 PO 2 ] n (I),
wherein
each R independently represents C1- to C4-(hydroxy)alkyl or benzyl,
M is an element from main groups 1 to 3, with the exception of hydrogen, and
n is the number of the main group of M,
and
wherein the phosphinate of formula (I) is present in an amount of 0.1% to 15% by weight, based on the total mass of components A1 to A5 and in an amount of 5.0% to 40.0% by weight, based on the total weight of flame retardant A5.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate-reactive component A1 comprises a polyester polyol.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate-reactive component A1 comprises a polyester polyol having an equivalent weight of 50 g/mol to 2000 g/mol.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phosphinate of formula (I) is present in an amount of 10.0% by weight to 30.0% by weight, based on the total mass of the flame retardant A5.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phosphinate of formula (I) is present in an amount of 0.5% by weight to 15.0% by weight, based on the total mass of the components A1 to A5.
6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the flame retardant A5 contains no halogen-containing flame retardant.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein M is an element from main group 1 or 2.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein M is selected from sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and aluminum.
9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the flame retardant A5 further comprises diphenylcresyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, bisphenol A bis(diphenylphosphate) or a mixture thereof.
10. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one R is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl.
11. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the phosphinate of formula (I) has a particle diameter d 50 of less than 50.0 μm.
12. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate component B comprises MDI, polymeric MDI, TDI, or a mixture thereof.
13. A rigid PUR/PIR foam obtained by the process as claimed in claim 1 .
14. An insulation material comprising the rigid PUR/PIR foams as claimed in claim 13 .
15. A reaction mixture for producing rigid PUR/PIR foams, comprising:
A1 an isocyanate-reactive component
A2 blowing agent
A3 catalyst
A4 optionally additive
A5 flame retardant,
wherein the flame retardant A5 comprises a phosphinate of formula (I)
M[(R) 2 PO 2 ] n (I),
wherein
each R independently represents C1- to C4-(hydroxy)alkyl or benzyl,
M is an element from main groups 1 to 3, with the exception of hydrogen, and
n is the number of the main group of M,
and
wherein the phosphinate of formula (I) is present in an amount of 0.1% to 15% by weight based on the total mass of components A1 to A5 and in an amount of 5.0% to 40.0% by weight, based on the total weight of flame retardant A5.
16. The reaction mixture of claim 15 , wherein the phosphinate of formula (I) is present in an amount of 10.0% to 30.0% by weight, based on the total weight of flame retardant A5.