Microwave treatment devices and methods
The present invention discloses medical systems and methods adapted for the delivery of various medical components such as microwave antennas within or on a body for performing one or more medical procedures. Several embodiments herein disclose medical systems comprising a combination of one or more medical components and one or more elongate steerable or non-steerable arms that are adapted to mechanically manipulate the one or more medical components. Several embodiments of microwave antennas are disclosed that comprise an additional diagnostic or therapeutic modality located on or in the vicinity of the microwave antennas.
1. A microwave emitting device for delivering energy from an energy source through a transmission line having an inner conductor and an outer conductor, and for use with a second power supply, the microwave emitting device comprising:
an antenna configured to be coupled to the energy source, the antenna having a proximal end, a distal end and an antenna axis, wherein the antenna comprises a radiating element coupled to the inner conductor and a shaping element coupled to the outer conductor, where the antenna generates a microwave field upon application of energy from the energy;
at least one electrode positioned along the antenna and spaced entirely between the proximal end and the distal end of the antenna, wherein the at least one electrode is exposed to the microwave field and is electrically isolated from the antenna, where the at least one electrode is coupleable to the second power supply; and
a conductive wire electrically coupled to the at least one electrode wherein the conductive wire is electrically isolated from the antenna and wherein a first portion of the conductive wire exposed to the microwave field emitted by the antenna is helically disposed about the axis of the antenna such that arrangement of the conductive wire relative to the antenna reduces distortion of the microwave field due to the at least one electrode.
2. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrode is located externally over the antenna.
3. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the conductive wire is shaped in a helix having an axis and is disposed such that the axis is parallel to the antenna axis.
4. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the conductive wire covers at least one turn around the antenna.
5. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the conductive wire is symmetrically disposed around the antenna.
6. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the antenna generates a radially symmetric microwave field.
7. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the arrangement of the conductive wire relative to the antenna and the at least one electrode produces a symmetrical microwave field.
8. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a majority of the microwave field is located distal to a distal end of the transmission line.
9. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a second portion of the conductive wire is located distal to the distal end of the antenna.
10. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein a second portion of the conductive wire is located proximal to the proximal end of the antenna.
11. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrode and the conductive wire are fixed relative to the antenna.
12. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the antenna comprises an antenna dielectric, wherein the at least one electrode and the conductive wire are located inside the antenna dielectric.
13. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrode and the conductive wire are located on a device having a lumen, wherein the antenna is slidably located in the lumen.
14. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrode comprises a metallic portion.
15. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrode comprises an element selected from a group consisting of: radiofrequency ablation electrode, electrophysiological pacing electrode, electrophysiological mapping electrode, temperature sensor, impedance sensor, pressure sensor, proximity sensor, flow sensor, moisture sensor and electromagnetic field sensor.
16. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , further comprising an introducing device coupled to the antenna, wherein the introducing device is a steerable catheter.
17. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrode comprises a plurality of electrodes located along the antenna.
18. The microwave emitting device of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of electrodes are spaced apart from each other in a longitudinal direction along the antenna axis.
19. The microwave emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the conductive wire is helically disposed around the shaping element.