Hydrogen fueling system and method based on real-time communication information from CHSS for fuel cell
According to an embodiment, a hydrogen fueling system based on real-time communication of a compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) for a fuel cell comprises a CHSS including a hydrogen tank and a hydrogen tank valve, a dispenser including a dispenser controller receiving sensing data including a pressure and temperature inside the hydrogen tank and a hydrogen supply unit supplying hydrogen to an inside of the hydrogen tank based on the sensing data, and a data hydrogen moving device including a CHSS controller converting the sensing data into data for wireless communication and outputting the data, a wireless communication unit provided for wireless communication between the CHSS controller and the dispenser controller of the dispenser, and a receptacle transferring hydrogen from the hydrogen supply unit to the hydrogen tank valve.
1. A hydrogen fueling method performed by a dispenser, comprising:
obtaining first initial state values of hydrogen dispensed from a hydrogen supply unit of the dispenser and second initial state values of at least one hydrogen tank of a compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS);
determining a mass flow rate, a temperature of the hydrogen tank and a pressure of the hydrogen tank and a state of charge (SOC) using a pre-stored thermodynamic model based on the first initial state values and the second initial state values;
calculating each difference if the determined SOC is not less than a preset SOC; and
determining, based on the each difference, whether to reducing, increasing, or maintaining a pressure ramp rate (PRR) applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature of the hydrogen tank and the pressure of the hydrogen tank is determined,
wherein the each difference comprises:
a first difference between the determined mass flow rate and a pre-stored first safety threshold related to the determined mass flow rate,
a second difference between the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank and a pre-stored second safety threshold related to the determined temperature, and
a third difference between the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank and a pre-stored third safety threshold related to the determined pressure.
2. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , further comprising:
if the determined SOC is less than the preset SOC, re-determining the determined mass flow rate, the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank, the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank and the determined SOC using the pre-stored thermodynamic model.
3. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , wherein the preset SOC is 100.
4. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , wherein:
the second initial state values include a number of the hydrogen tank, an inlet inner diameter of the hydrogen tank and a volume of the hydrogen tank, and
the first initial state values include a pressure loss coefficient measured by the hydrogen supply unit, a pressure and temperature of hydrogen dispensed from the hydrogen supply unit.
5. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , further comprising:
if one of the each difference is a negative value, reducing the pressure ramp rate applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and pressure is the determined;
re-determining the determined mass flow rate, the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank, the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank and the determined SOC using the pre-stored thermodynamic model,
wherein the first difference is calculated by subtracting the determined mass flow rate from the pre-stored first safety threshold, the second difference is calculated by subtracting the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored second safety threshold, and the third difference is calculated by subtracting the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored third safety threshold.
6. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , wherein:
in comparison with previous values, the determined mass flow rate, the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank and the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank each corresponds to a maximum mass flow rate, a maximum temperature of the hydrogen tank and a maximum pressure of the hydrogen tank.
7. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , further comprising:
if all of the each difference are positive values and any one of the each difference is a preset value or less, determining, a pressure ramp rate applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and pressure is the determined, as a new pressure ramp rate,
wherein the first difference is calculated by subtracting the determined mass flow rate from the pre-stored first safety threshold, the second difference is calculated by subtracting the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored second safety threshold, and the third difference is calculated by subtracting the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored third safety threshold.
8. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , further comprising:
if all of each difference are positive values and if it is not that any one of the each difference is a preset value or less, determining a new pressure ramp rate by increasing the pressure ramp rate applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and pressure is the determined,
wherein the first difference is calculated by subtracting the determined mass flow rate from the pre-stored first safety threshold, the second difference is calculated by subtracting the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored second safety threshold, and the third difference is calculated by subtracting the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored third safety threshold.
9. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , wherein:
the second initial state values include a number of the hydrogen tank, an inlet inner diameter of the hydrogen tank and a volume of the hydrogen tank, and
the first initial state values include a pressure loss coefficient measured by the hydrogen supply unit, a pressure and temperature of hydrogen dispensed from the hydrogen supply unit.
10. The hydrogen fueling method of claim 1 , further comprising:
obtaining first real-time values including a real-time temperature of the hydrogen tank and a real-time pressure of the hydrogen tank and second real-time values including a real-time temperature and a real-time pressure of hydrogen dispensed from the hydrogen supply unit at a predetermined period; and
repeating steps after the obtaining of the first initial state values and the second initial state values based on the first real-time values and the second real-time values.
11. A hydrogen dispenser for hydrogen fueling, comprising:
a hydrogen supply unit; and
a dispenser controller configured to:
obtain the first initial state values from the hydrogen supply unit and second initial state values of at least one hydrogen tank of a compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS),
determine a mass flow rate, a temperature of the hydrogen tank and a pressure of the hydrogen tank and a state of charge (SOC) using a pre-stored thermodynamic model based on the first initial state values and the second initial state values,
calculate each difference if the determined SOC is not less than a preset SOC, and
determine, based on the each difference, whether to reducing, increasing, or maintaining a pressure ramp rate (PRR) applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and the pressure is determined,
wherein the each difference comprises:
a first difference between the determined mass flow rate and a pre-stored first safety threshold related to the determined mass flow rate,
a second difference between the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank and a pre-stored second safety threshold related to the determined temperature, and
a third difference between the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank and a pre-stored third safety threshold related to the determined pressure.
12. The hydrogen dispenser of claim 11 , wherein if the determined SOC is less than the preset SOC, the dispenser controller is further configured to re-determine the determined mass flow rate, the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank, the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank and the determined SOC using the pre-stored thermodynamic model.
13. The hydrogen dispenser of claim 11 , wherein if one of the each difference is a negative value, the dispenser controller is further configured to:
reduce the pressure ramp rate applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and pressure is the determined,
re-determine the determined mass flow rate, the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank, the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank and the determined SOC,
calculate the first difference by subtracting the determined mass flow rate from the pre-stored first safety threshold,
calculate the second difference by subtracting the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored second safety threshold, and
calculate the third difference by subtracting the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored third safety threshold.
14. The hydrogen dispenser of claim 11 , wherein if all of the each difference are positive values and any one of the each difference is a preset value or less, the dispenser controller is further configured to:
determine, a pressure ramp rate applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and pressure is the determined, as a new pressure ramp rate,
calculate the first difference by subtracting the determined mass flow rate from the pre-stored first safety threshold,
calculate the second difference by subtracting the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored second safety threshold, and
calculate the third difference by subtracting the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored third safety threshold.
15. The hydrogen dispenser of claim 11 , wherein if all of each difference are positive values and if it is not that any one of the each difference is a preset value or less, the dispenser controller is further configured to:
determine a new pressure ramp rate by increasing the pressure ramp rate applied when the mass flow rate, the temperature and pressure is the determined,
calculate the first difference by subtracting the determined mass flow rate from the pre-stored first safety threshold,
calculate the second difference by subtracting the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored second safety threshold, and
calculate the third difference by subtracting the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank from the pre-stored third safety threshold.
16. The hydrogen dispenser of claim 11 , wherein:
in comparison with previous values, the determined mass flow rate, the determined temperature of the hydrogen tank and the determined pressure of the hydrogen tank each corresponds to a maximum mass flow rate, a maximum temperature of the hydrogen tank and a maximum pressure of the hydrogen tank.