Session management with relaying and charging for indirect connection for internet of things applications in 3GPP network

1. A core network comprising:

a non-transitory memory including instructions stored thereon for transferring infrequent small data to a service capability or application server on a 5G network; and

a processor operably coupled to the non-transitory memory, the processor configured to execute the instructions of:

receiving, at the core network, a data transfer request message from a relay user equipment (UE) over a control plane path, where the data transfer request message includes uplink traffic generated at a remote UE and control information of the remote UE, where the uplink traffic and control information is sent by the remote UE via direct connection with the relay UE, and where the control information includes a first identifier and electronic signature of the remote UE;

determining the uplink traffic transferred over the control plane path via a non-access stratum (NAS) signal is from the remote UE;

using the first identifier and electronic signature of the remote UE to authenticate the remote UE;

querying a subscription database in the core network for subscription information of the remote UE based on the control information;

receiving the subscription information from the database, where the subscription information includes a second identifier of the remote UE and an identity of a network function to send the uplink traffic;

processing the received subscription information; and

selecting the network function for transmitting the uplink traffic to the application server based on the subscription information.

2. The core network of claim 1 , wherein the subscription information is selected from id of the remote UE, service capability exposure function id, charging reference number of the remote UE, location id for sending the message, authentication information of the remote UE, authorization information of the remote UE and combinations thereof.

3. The core network of claim 2 , wherein the id of the remote UE includes a new identity assigned to the remote UE.

4. The core network of claim 1 , wherein the control information is selected from application id, destination id, data network identifier, subscription identity, external id, quality of service requirements of the uplink traffic attach indication, remote UE electronic signature and combinations thereof.

5. The core network of claim 1 , wherein the processing instruction includes calculating a new identity and security key for the remote UE.

6. The core network of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to perform the instructions of creating an attachment/registration status for the remote UE in the network.

7. The core network of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to perform the instructions of:

receiving a session create request message from the relay UE on behalf of the remote UE;

sending a session create request message to a network function in the core network; and

receiving a reply from the network function.

8. The core network of claim 7 , wherein the session create request message includes information selected from type of session; scope of usage of the session, traffic direction, active duration of the session, quality of service requirement of the session, multiplexing option, and combinations thereof.

9. The core network of claim 1 , wherein the direct connection between the remote UE and the relay UE are established over the PC5 interface, and includes one or more protocols including discovery control signal transfer and data traffic transfer within proximity.

10. A core network comprising:

a non-transitory memory including instructions stored thereon for transferring downlink data to a remote user equipment (UE) unattached to the core network; and

a processor operably coupled to the non-transitory memory, the processor configured to execute the instructions of:

determining the downlink data transferred over a control plane path via a non-access stratum (NAS) signal is for the remote UE;

using a first identifier and electronic signature of the remote UE to authenticate the remote UE;

receiving, from a service capability or application server, the downlink data for forwarding to a network function associated with the remote UE;

querying a subscription database in the core network for subscription information including a second identifier of the remote UE and an identity of the network function based on the received downlink data;

locating the network function from the querying instruction; and

sending the downlink data to the remote UE via the network function, through a relay UE via a direct connection with the remote UE.

11. The core network of claim 10 , wherein the processor is further configured to execute the instructions of:

determining, at the network function, a status of a relay UE and remote UE for receiving the downlink data; and

paging the relay UE.

12. The core network of claim 10 , wherein the direct connection between the remote UE and the relay UE are established over the PC5 interface, and includes one or more protocols including discovery control signal transfer and data traffic transfer within proximity.

13. A method comprising:

receiving, at a core network via a 5G network, a data transfer request message from a relay user equipment (UE) over a control plane path, where the data transfer request message includes uplink traffic generated at a remote UE and control information of the remote UE, where the uplink traffic and control information is sent by the remote UE via a direct connection with the relay UE, and where the control information includes a first identifier of the remote UE and an electronic signature of the remote UE;

determining the uplink traffic transferred over control plane path via a non-access stratum (NAS) signal is from the remote UE;

using the first identifier and electronic signature of the remote UE to authenticate the remote UE;

querying, at the core network, a subscription database for subscription information of the remote UE based on the control information;

receiving, at the core network, the subscription information from the database, where the subscription information includes a second identifier of the remote UE and an identity of a network function to send the uplink traffic;

processing, at the core network, the received subscription information; and

selecting, at the core network, the network function for transmitting the uplink traffic to a server based on the subscription information.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the subscription information is selected from id of the remote UE, service capability exposure function id, charging reference number of the remote UE, location id for sending the message, authentication information of the remote UE, authorization information of the remote UE and combinations thereof.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the id of the remote UE includes a new identity assigned to the remote UE.

16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the control information is selected from application id, destination id, data network identifier, subscription identity, external id, quality of service requirements of the uplink traffic, attach indication, remote UE electronic signature and combinations thereof.

17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the processing step includes calculating a new identity and security key for the remote UE.

18. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:

creating, at the core network, an attachment/registration status for the remote UE in the 5G network.

19. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:

receiving, at the core network, a session create request message from the relay UE on behalf of the remote UE;

sending, from the core network, a session create request message to a network function located in the core network; and

receiving, at the core network, a reply from the network function.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the session creation request message includes information selected from type of session, scope of usage of the session, traffic direction, active duration of the session, quality of service requirement of the session, multiplexing option, and combinations thereof.