Glass-mounted antenna package for a motor vehicle
An antenna assembly configured to be mounted on a glass structure. The antenna assembly comprises a multilayer structure comprising i) a superstrate layer comprising a thin dielectric material; ii) an antenna layer on which the superstrate layer is disposed, the antenna layer comprising an electrically conducting material; and ii) a first substrate layer on which the antenna layer is disposed. The antenna assembly further comprises a housing in which the multilayer structure is disposed. The housing is adapted for attachment to a surface of the glass structure. A dielectric characteristic of the superstrate layer compensates for a dielectric characteristic of the glass structure in order to reduce the variability of the operating frequency of the antenna assembly.
1. An antenna assembly configured to be mounted on a glass structure comprising:
a multilayer structure comprising
a superstrate layer formed of a dielectric material having at least one of a uniform structure or a thickness such that the superstrate layer compensates for a dielectric characteristic of the glass structure and reduces variability of an operating frequency of the antenna assembly, the thickness being less than a thickness of a glass layer of the glass structure,
an antenna layer on which the superstrate layer is disposed, the antenna layer comprising an electrically conducting material, and
a first substrate layer on which the antenna layer is disposed; and
a housing in which the multilayer structure is disposed, the housing configured to be attached to a surface of the glass structure.
2. The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the first substrate layer comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; and
the antenna layer is disposed on the first surface of the first substrate layer.
3. The antenna assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a ground plane disposed on the second surface of the first substrate layer.
4. The antenna assembly of claim 3 , further comprising a second substrate layer disposed on the ground plane.
5. The antenna assembly of claim 4 , wherein the second substrate layer is configured for a plurality of electronic components to be mounted on the second substrate layer.
6. The antenna assembly of claim 5 , wherein the second substrate layer comprises a plurality of conductive vias connecting a surface of the second substrate layer to the ground plane.
7. The antenna assembly of claim 6 , wherein the second substrate layer further comprises an RF connector configured to connect a feed cable to the antenna assembly.
8. The antenna assembly of claim 7 , further comprising a metal conductor that passes through the second substrate layer, the ground plane, and the first substrate layer, the metal conductor connecting the feed cable to the antenna layer and impedance matching the antenna layer to the feed cable.
9. The antenna assembly of claim 8 , wherein the antenna layer comprises a truncated corner patch antenna.
10. The antenna assembly of claim 9 , wherein the truncated corner patch antenna is a circular polarized antenna.
11. The antenna assembly of claim 8 , wherein:
the antenna layer comprises a patch antenna;
the metal conductor is offset from a center of the patch antenna; and
an end of the metal conductor contacts the patch antenna.
12. The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein the superstrate layer maintains the operating frequency of the antenna assembly at 2.3 giga-hertz.
13. The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein the superstrate layer is 0.254 millimeters thick.
14. The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the multilayer structure further comprises
a ground plane on which the first substrate layer is disposed, and
a second substrate layer on which the ground plane is disposed;
the first substrate layer is 3.175 millimeters thick; and
the second substrate layer is 3.175 millimeters thick.
15. The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the antenna layer comprises a patch antenna; and
the patch antenna contacts the superstrate layer.
16. The antenna assembly of claim 1 , wherein the housing has an open side facing the glass structure and allows the superstrate layer to contact the glass structure when the housing is mounted on the glass structure.
17. A window assembly comprising:
the antenna assembly of claim 1 ; and
the glass structure comprising a first glass layer,
wherein
the housing is mounted on the first glass layer and has an opening facing the first glass layer, and
the superstrate layer contacts the first glass layer in the opening of the housing.
18. The window assembly of claim 17 , wherein:
the antenna layer comprises a patch antenna;
the glass structure comprises a plurality of glass layers and an infrared layer;
the infrared layer comprises a radiation cutout adjacent to and facing the patch antenna; and
the patch antenna is configured to receive a radio frequency signal through the radiation cutout of the infrared layer.
19. An antenna assembly configured to be mounted on a glass structure comprising:
a multilayer structure comprising
a first substrate,
a truncated corner patch antenna that is circular polarized and disposed on the first substrate and comprising an electrically conductive material; and
a superstrate layer disposed on the truncated corner patch antenna and formed of a dielectric material, wherein the dielectric material has at least one of a uniform structure or a thickness such that the superstrate layer compensates for a dielectric characteristic of the glass structure and reduces variability of an operating frequency of the antenna assembly, the thickness being less than a thickness of a glass layer of the glass structure; and
a housing in which the multilayer structure is disposed, the housing configured to be attached to a surface of the glass structure.
20. The antenna assembly of claim 19 , wherein the housing has an open side facing the glass structure and allows the superstrate layer to contact the glass structure when the housing is mounted on the glass structure.