Durable glass for vehicle
A multilayer glass stack for a vehicle windshield with improved durability is described. The multilayer glass stack includes an external-facing glass layer, an internal-facing glass layer, and an adhesive interlayer positioned between the external-facing and internal-facing glass layers. The external-facing glass layer may include borosilicate and/or does not include soda lime glass. Methods of manufacturing the multilayer glass stack are also described.
1. A multilayer glass stack for a vehicle windshield, comprising:
an external-facing glass layer comprising borosilicate;
an internal-facing glass layer;
an adhesive interlayer positioned between the external-facing and internal-facing glass layers, wherein the adhesive interlayer comprises an adhesive, wherein the multilayer glass stack is a vehicle windshield and is shaped to fit into a vehicle windshield frame; and
a viewing area comprising an optical distortion of less than about 250 millidiopters;
wherein the multilayer glass stack has at most a 10% chance of failure with an impact of 2 J.
2. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer glass stack has an area density of about 7.5 kg/m 2 to about 10 kg/m 2 .
3. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer glass stack has at most a 10% chance of failure with an impact of 3 J.
4. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle windshield is selected from the group consisting of a front windshield, a side windshield, a back windshield, a top windshield, and combinations thereof.
5. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the external-facing glass layer has at most a 10% chance of failure with an impact of 2 J.
6. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the external-facing glass layer has a thickness of about 2 mm to about 5 mm.
7. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the external-facing glass layer is an outermost layer of the multilayer glass stack.
8. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the external-facing glass layer is shatter resistant or shatterproof.
9. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the external-facing glass layer resistant to crack initiation and crack propagation.
10. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the external-facing glass layer does not comprise soda lime glass.
11. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the internal-facing glass layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicate, tempered glass, and combinations thereof.
12. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the internal-facing glass layer has a thickness of about 0.5 mm to about 1.1 mm.
13. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the internal-facing glass layer is an outermost layer of the multilayer glass stack.
14. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein a thickness ratio of the external-facing glass layer:internal-facing glass layer is greater than 1:1.
15. The multilayer glass stack of claim 14 , wherein the thickness ratio of the external-facing glass layer:internal-facing glass layer is greater than 1:1 to about 10:1.
16. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive interlayer has energy absorptive properties.
17. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive interlayer has a glass transition temperature of about 6° C. to about 10° C.
18. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive interlayer comprises multiple layers.
19. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive comprises a polyvinyl ether (PVE).
20. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , further comprising at least one additional layer, wherein the at least one additional layer is selected from the group consisting of a light absorbing layer, a light reflecting layer, an acoustic dampening layer, and combinations thereof.
21. The multilayer glass stack of claim 20 , wherein the at least one additional layer comprises a light absorbing layer, and the light absorbing layer comprises a tint material.
22. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , further comprising an element selected from the group consisting of a camera, a sensor, a heating element, a waveguide, an incoupling optical element, an outcoupling optical element, a light injection device, and combinations thereof.
23. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle windshield has a curvilinear shape.
24. The multilayer glass stack of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle windshield is configured to break into pieces which comply with a governmental safety guideline.
25. A vehicle comprising a vehicle frame and the multilayer glass stack of claim 1 .
26. The vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the vehicle further comprises an electric motor.
27. The vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a camera positioned facing the internal-facing glass layer of the multilayer glass stack.
28. The vehicle of claim 27 , wherein the camera is positioned to view through the viewing area.