Folded lens system with three refractive lenses
Compact folded lens systems are described that may be used in small form factor cameras. Lens systems are described that may include three lens elements with refractive power, with a light folding element such as a prism, located between a first lens element on the object side of the lens system and a second lens element, that redirects the light refracted from the first lens element from a first axis onto a second axis on which the other lens elements and a photosensor are arranged. The lens systems may include an aperture stop located behind the front vertex of the lens system, for example at the first lens element, and an optional infrared filter, for example located between the last lens element and a photosensor.
1. A camera, comprising:
a photosensor configured to capture light projected onto a surface of the photosensor; and
a folded lens system configured to refract light from an object field located in front of the camera to form an image of a scene at an image plane at or near the surface of the photosensor, wherein the lens system comprises three refractive lens elements arranged in a consecutive order of lens elements along a folded optical axis of the camera from an object side to an image side and a light folding element located between a first and second lens element of the three refractive lens elements and configured to redirect light from a first axis onto a second axis, wherein a third lens element of the three refractive lens elements is a last refractive lens element along the folded axis prior to the image plane;
wherein the photosensor is configured to move relative to the folded lens system.
2. The camera as recited in claim 1 , wherein the folded lens system provides a 35 mm equivalent focal length in the range of 85-200 millimeters, wherein Z-height of the lens system measured from a front vertex of the lens system to a rear vertex of the folding element is 6.5 millimeters or less.
3. The lens system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lens system comprises, arranged along the folded optical axis from the object side of the lens system to the image side of the lens system:
the first lens element on the first axis having positive refractive power and a convex object-side surface in a paraxial region;
the light folding element configured to redirect light from the first lens element to the second axis;
the second lens element on the second axis; and
the third lens element on the second axis having a concave image-side surface in a paraxial region.
4. The camera as recited in claim 1 , wherein the photosensor is between 4 millimeters and 8 millimeters in a diagonal dimension.
5. The camera as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lens system further comprises an aperture stop located between the object side of the lens system and the light folding element.
6. The camera as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one surface of at least one of the three refractive lens elements is aspheric.
7. The camera as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the lens elements is formed of lightweight polymer or plastic material.
8. The camera as recited in claim 1 , wherein the light folding element is a prism, and wherein an image side surface of the first lens element is flat/plano, and wherein the image side surface of the first lens element is in contact with the object side surface of the prism.
9. A device, comprising:
one or more processors;
one or more cameras; and
a memory comprising program instructions executable by at least one of the one or more processors to control operations of the one or more cameras;
wherein at least one of the one or more cameras is a camera comprising:
a photosensor configured to capture light projected onto a surface of the photosensor; and
a folded lens system configured to refract light from an object field located in front of the camera to form an image of a scene at an image plane at or near the surface of the photosensor, wherein the lens system comprises three refractive lens elements arranged in a consecutive order of lens elements along a folded optical axis of the camera from an object side to an image side and a light folding element located between a first and second lens element of the three refractive lens elements and configured to redirect light from a first axis onto a second axis, wherein a third lens element of the three refractive lens elements is a last refractive lens element along the folded axis prior to the image plane;
wherein the photosensor is configured to move relative to the folded lens system.
10. The device as recited in claim 9 , wherein effective focal length of the lens system is within a range of 10 millimeters to 16 millimeters.
11. The device as recited in claim 9 , wherein the photosensor is between 4 millimeters and 8 millimeters in a diagonal dimension.
12. The device as recited in claim 9 , wherein the folded lens system provides a 35 mm equivalent focal length in the range of 85-200 millimeters, wherein Z-height of the lens system measured from a front vertex of the lens system to a rear vertex of the folding element is 6.5 millimeters or less.
13. The device as recited in claim 9 , further comprising at least one aperture stop located between a front vertex of the lens system and the light folding element.
14. The device as recited in claim 9 , wherein the lens system comprises, arranged along the folded optical axis from the object side of the lens system to the image side of the lens system:
the first lens element on the first axis having positive refractive power and a convex object-side surface in a paraxial region;
the light folding element configured to redirect light from the first lens element to the second axis;
the second lens element on the second axis; and
the third lens element on the second axis having a concave image-side surface in a paraxial region.
15. The device as recited in claim 14 , wherein the second lens element has negative refractive power.
16. The device as recited in claim 14 , wherein the third lens element has a convex object-side surface in the paraxial region.
17. The device as recited in claim 14 , wherein the first lens element is formed of an optical material with Abbe number V d >45, and the second lens element is formed of an optical material with Abbe number V d <35.
18. The device as recited in claim 14 , wherein the first lens element is formed of an optical material with Abbe number V d >40, and the second lens element is formed of an optical material with Abbe number V d <30.
19. The device as recited in claim 14 , wherein the lens system satisfies one or more of the relationships:
0.5<| f/f 1|<2,
0.4<| f/f 2|<2.5, or
0.5<| R 3 f/R 3 r |<1.5
where f is effective focal length of the lens system, f1 is focal length of the first lens element, f2 is focal length of the second lens element, R3f is radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third lens element, and R3r is radius of curvature of the image side surface of the third lens element.
20. A camera, comprising:
a photosensor configured to capture light projected onto a surface of the photosensor; and
a folded lens system configured to refract light from an object field located in front of the camera to form an image of a scene at an image plane at or near the surface of the photosensor, wherein the lens system comprises three refractive lens elements arranged in a consecutive order of lens elements along a folded optical axis of the camera from an object side to an image side and a light folding element located between a first and second lens element of the three refractive lens elements and configured to redirect light from a first axis onto a second axis, wherein a third lens element of the three refractive lens elements is a last refractive lens element along the folded axis prior to the image plane; and
wherein the folded lens system satisfies one or more of the relationships:
0.5<| f/f 1|<2
0.4<| f/f 2|<2.5, or
0.5<| R 3 f/R 3 r |<1.5
where f is effective focal length of the lens system, f1 is focal length of the first lens element, f2 is focal length of the second lens element, R3f is radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third lens element, and R3r is radius of curvature of the image side surface of the third lens element.