Method and apparatus for training email recipients against phishing attacks using real threats in realtime
An approach is proposed to support user-specific real time anti-phishing training of email recipients using real phishing attacks. When a recipient triggers an active content such as an URL link embedded in and/or opens an attachment to an email arrived at the recipient's account, the triggered active content is synchronously intercepted and examined in real time for potential malicious intent of a phishing attack. If the triggered active content is determined to be safe, the recipient is allowed to access the content. If the active content is determined to be malicious, the active content is blocked and the recipient is redirected a safe blocking mechanism. The recipient is then provided with an anti-phishing training exercise, which is specifically customized for the recipient based on the blocked active content in the payload of the email and/or the recipient's security posture and awareness.
1. A system to support anti-phishing training using real attacks in real time, comprising:
a content filtering and interception engine positioned in a synchronous data path, wherein the content filtering and interception is running on a host that is different from a device associated with a recipient and configured to intercept and detect an active content of an email arriving at the recipient's email account within an entity or corporation, and wherein the content filtering and interception engine is further configured to intercept an active content of the email when the recipient attempts to access the active content of the email;
a security protection engine running on a host that is different from the device associated with the recipient, wherein the security protection engine is configured to receive the active content of the email from the content filtering and interception engine and is configured to
examine the active content of the email in real time for potential malicious intent of a phishing attack;
deliver additional content associated with the active content of the email to the recipient if the active content is determined to be safe for access by the recipient;
block the recipient from accessing the additional content associated with the active content of the email if the active content is determined to be malicious to prevent the recipient from falling victim to the phishing attack;
re-direct the recipient to a safe blocking mechanism designed to alert the recipient of the phishing attack once the phishing attack is blocked;
an anti-phishing training engine running on a host that is different from the device associated with the recipient and configured to customize and provide an anti-phishing training exercise to the recipient in response to the recipient being blocked by the security protection engine from accessing the additional content associated with the active content, wherein content of the anti-phishing training exercise is specifically customized for the recipient based on the blocked phishing attack the recipient received in the email,
wherein the security protection engine and the content filtering and interception engine are positioned on a data path between the recipient and a sender of the email.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the content filtering and interception engine and the security protection engine are positioned in a data path from which the active content of the email is to be consumed by the recipient so that the active content of the email is intercepted and examined before it is consumed by the recipient.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the content filtering and interception engine is configured to intercept the email via either a proxy or a relay mechanism prescribed to a governing communication protocol.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the active content of the email is an embedded URL link directing to a website or macros in an attached document to the email.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein:
the security protection engine is configured to determine if the URL link points to a fake website of an attacker.
6. The system of claim 4 , wherein:
the security protection engine is configured to determine if the attachment contains any malicious content.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the security protection engine is configured to monitor and store information about the active content the recipient attempted to access into a user behavior database, wherein such information is used to establish a pattern of behavior of the recipient when the recipient faces a phishing attack.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein:
the pattern of behavior of the recipient includes one or more of frequency of attempts by the recipient to access a malicious content, types of phishing attacks the recipient is likely to fall victim to, and severity of such phishing attacks.
9. The system of claim 7 , wherein:
the security protection engine is configured to determine the anti-phishing training exercise that the recipients needs to go through specific to his/her needs and inform the recipient according to his/her pattern of behavior to access to the malicious content.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein:
the anti-phishing training engine is configured to automatically determine if the recipient needs to be retrained with the same anti-phishing training exercise or elevated to a different training exercise based on the recipient's behaviors, interactions, responses, during and/or after the anti-phishing training exercise.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the security protection engine is configured to re-direct the recipient to a safe blocking mechanism designed to kick-in once the phishing attack is blocked and the recipient is prevented from falling victim to such attack.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the anti-phishing training engine is configured to access and retrieve the recipient's pattern of behavior of accessing malicious content in the past to determine the type of anti-phishing training exercise the recipient needs.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the anti-phishing training engine is configured to interactively present the anti-phishing training exercise to the recipient via a user portal in formats that include one or more of audio, video, slide-show, and human interactions with the recipient.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the anti-phishing training engine is configured to record the recipient's current security posture and awareness and/or the recipient's training record in the training exercise for future training consideration for the recipient.
15. A method to support anti-phishing training using real attacks in real time, comprising:
intercepting and detecting an active content of an email when a recipient of the email attempts to access the active content of the email, wherein the intercepting and the detecting is performed by a host positioned in a synchronous data path, wherein the host is different from a device associated with the recipient;
synchronously examining the active content of the email in real time for potential malicious intent of a phishing attack;
delivering additional content associated with the active content of the email to the recipient if the active content is determined to be safe for access by the recipient;
blocking the recipient from accessing the additional content associated with the active content of the email if the active content is determined to be malicious to prevent the recipient from falling victim to the phishing attack;
re-directing the recipient to a safe blocking mechanism designed to alert the recipient of the phishing attack once the phishing attack is blocked, wherein the intercepting and the detecting, the synchronously examining, the delivering, the blocking, and the re-directing is performed by one or more components positioned between the recipient and a sender of the email;
customizing and providing an anti-phishing training exercise to the recipient in response to the recipient being blocked from accessing the additional content associated with the active content, wherein content of the anti-phishing training exercise is specifically customized for the recipient based on the blocked phishing attack the recipient received in the email.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
intercepting the email via either a proxy or a relay mechanism prescribed to a governing communication protocol.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
determining if an URL link embedded in the email points to a fake web site of an attacker.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
determining if an attachment to the email contains any malicious content.
19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
monitoring and storing information about the active content the recipient attempted to access into a user behavior database, wherein such information is used to establish a pattern of behavior of the recipient when the recipient faces a phishing attack.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
determining the anti-phishing training exercise that the recipients needs to go through specific to his/her needs and inform the recipient according to his/her pattern of behavior to access to the malicious content.
21. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
re-directing the recipient to a safe blocking mechanism designed to kick-in once the phishing attack is blocked and the recipient is prevented from falling victim to such attack.
22. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
accessing and retrieving the recipient's pattern of behavior of accessing malicious content in the past to determine the type of anti-phishing training exercise the recipient needs.
23. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
interactively presenting the anti-phishing training exercise to the recipient via a user portal in formats that include one or more of audio, video, slide-show, and human interactions with the recipient.
24. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
recording the recipient's current security posture and awareness and/or the recipient's training record in the training exercise for future training consideration for the recipient.
25. A non-transitory storage medium having software instructions stored thereon that when executed cause a system to:
intercept and detect an active content of an email when a recipient of the email attempts to access the active content of the email, wherein the intercepting and the detecting is performed by a host positioned in a synchronous data path, wherein the host is different from a device associated with the recipient;
synchronously examine the active content of the email in real time for potential malicious intent of a phishing attack;
deliver additional content associated with the active content of the email to the recipient if the active content is determined to be safe for access by the recipient;
block the recipient from accessing the additional content associated with the active content of the email if the active content is determined to be malicious to prevent the recipient from falling victim to the phishing attack;
re-direct the recipient to a safe blocking mechanism designed to alert the recipient of the phishing attack once the phishing attack is blocked, wherein the intercepting and the detecting, the synchronously examining, the delivering, the blocking, and the re-directing is performed by one or more components positioned between the recipient and a sender of the email;
customize and provide an anti-phishing training exercise to the recipient in response to the recipient being blocked from accessing the additional content associated with the active content, wherein content of the anti-phishing training exercise is specifically customized for the recipient based on the blocked phishing attack the recipient received in the email.