In-situ copper ion-exchange on pre-exchanged copper zeolitic material
A process for preparing a catalyst comprising a zeolitic material comprising copper, the process comprising (i) preparing an aqueous mixture comprising water, a zeolitic material comprising copper, a source of copper other than the zeolitic material comprising copper, and a non-zeolitic oxidic material selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, ceria, a mixed oxide comprising one or more of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, and Ce and a mixture of two or more thereof; (ii) disposing the mixture obtained in (i) on the surface of the internal walls of a substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end, a substrate axial length extending from the inlet end to the outlet end and a plurality of passages defined by internal walls of the substrate extending therethrough; and optionally drying the substrate comprising the mixture disposed thereon; (iii) calcining the substrate obtained in (ii).
1. A process for preparing a catalyst comprising:
(i) preparing an aqueous mixture comprising water, a zeolite material comprising copper, a source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper, and a non-zeolite oxide material chosen from alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, ceria, a mixed oxide comprising one or more of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, and Ce and a mixture of two or more thereof;
(ii) disposing the mixture obtained in (i) on an internal wall surface of a substrate, wherein the substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end, a substrate axial length extending from the inlet end to the outlet end, and a plurality of passages defined by internal walls of the substrate extending therethrough; and optionally, drying the substrate comprising the mixture disposed thereon; and
(iii) calcining the substrate obtained in (ii).
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite material comprising copper contained in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) has a framework type chosen from CHA, AEI, RTH, LEV, DDR, KFI, ERI, AFX, and a mixture of two or more thereof, wherein from 95 to 100 weight % of the framework structure of the zeolite material consists of Si, Al, and O, wherein the molar ratio of Si to Al in the framework structure, calculated as molar SiO 2 :Al 2 O 3 , is ranges from 2:1 to 50:1.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amount of copper, calculated as CuO, comprised in the zeolite material contained in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) ranges from 0.1 to 3 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material comprised in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i).
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper contained in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) is chosen from copper acetate, copper nitrate, copper sulfate, copper formate, copper oxide, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-zeolite oxide material contained in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) is chosen from alumina, silica, titania, a mixed oxide comprising one or more of Al, Si, and Ti, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) comprises the non-zeolite oxide material at an amount ranging from 2 to 20 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material comprised in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i).
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) comprises from 10 to 90 weight % water.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) further comprises a precursor of an oxide component, and wherein in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i), the amount of precursor calculated as oxide is ranges from 1 to 10 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material comprised in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i).
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous mixture prepared in (i) further comprises one or more acids at an amount ranging from 0.1 weight-% to 2 weight-% based on the weight of the zeolite material comprised in the aqueous mixture prepared in (i).
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (i) further comprises:
(i.1) preparing a first mixture comprising water and the source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper;
(i.2) milling the first mixture;
(i.3) optionally adding a precursor of an oxide component as defined in claim 8 to the first mixture obtained according to (i.1);
(i.4) preparing a second mixture comprising water and the zeolite material comprising copper;
(i.5) admixing the second mixture obtained in (i.4) with the first mixture obtained in (i.1), obtaining a third mixture;
(i.6) preparing a fourth mixture comprising water, a non-zeolite oxide material chosen from alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, ceria, a mixed oxide comprising one or more of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, and Ce and a mixture of two or more thereof; and
(i.7) admixing the fourth mixture obtained in (i.6) with the third mixture-obtained in (i.5).
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the copper, calculated as CuO, comprised in the zeolite material after step (iii), relative to the copper, calculated as CuO, comprised in the zeolite material in the aqueous mixture ranges from 1.5:1 to 10:1.
12. A catalyst comprising a zeolite material comprising copper, the catalyst obtained by a process according to claim 1 .
13. The catalyst of claim 12 , wherein the amount of copper comprised in the catalyst, calculated as CuO, ranges from 2 weight-% to 10 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material.
14. An aqueous mixture comprising water, a zeolite material comprising copper, a source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper, and a non-zeolite oxide material chosen from alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, ceria, a mixed oxide comprising one or more of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, and Ce and a mixture of two or more thereof.
15. The mixture of claim 14 , wherein the zeolite material comprising copper has a framework type chosen from CHA, AEI, RTH, LEV, DDR, KFI, ERI, AFX, a mixture of two or more thereof, and a mixed type of two or more thereof, and wherein the amount of copper comprised in the zeolite material, calculated as CuO, ranges from 0.1 weight-% to 3 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material.
16. The mixture of claim 14 , wherein the source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper is chosen from copper acetate, copper oxide, and a mixture of two or more thereof, wherein the aqueous mixture comprises the source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper, calculated as CuO, at an amount ranging from 1 weight-% to 10 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material.
17. The mixture of claim 14 , wherein the aqueous mixture comprises the non-zeolite oxide material at an amount ranging from 2 weight-% to 20 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material.
18. The mixture of claim 14 , wherein from 10 weight-% to 90 weight % of the aqueous mixture consists of water.
19. The mixture of claim 14 , further comprising one or more acids at an amount in the range of ranging from 0.1 weight-% to 2 weight % based on the weight of the zeolite material.
20. The mixture of claim 14 , wherein the mixture is prepared by a process comprising:
preparing the aqueous mixture comprising water, a zeolite material comprising copper, a source of copper other than the zeolite material comprising copper, and a non-zeolite oxide material chosen from alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, ceria, a mixed oxide comprising one or more of Al, Si, Ti, Zr, and Ce and a mixture of two or more thereof.