Surface with shape memory alloy particles
A component susceptible to the formation of deposits, such as a component of a hydrocarbon system in a gas turbine engine. The component includes a substrate having a surface susceptible to the formation of a deposit thereon. A shape memory alloy coating is formed on the surface of the substrate. The shape memory alloy coating is a plurality of particles formed on the surface, and each particle of the plurality of particles is formed from a shape memory alloy.
1. A gas turbine engine comprising a component of a hydrocarbon system, the component including:
a fluid passage through which a hydrocarbon fluid flows;
a substrate having a surface facing the fluid passage to be wetted by the hydrocarbon fluid; and
a shape memory alloy coating formed on the surface of the substrate, the shape memory alloy coating being a plurality of particles formed on the surface, and each particle of the plurality of particles being formed from a shape memory alloy.
2. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the shape memory alloy is one of a nickel-titanium alloy, a cobalt-nickel-aluminum alloy, nickel-iron-gallium alloy, an iron-manganese-gallium alloy, or a cobalt-nickel-gallium alloy.
3. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles is irregularly shaped.
4. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is formed from a metal alloy chosen from the group consisting of iron-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, and chromium-based alloys.
5. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon fluid is fuel, and the component is at least one of a fuel line and a fuel nozzle.
6. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon fluid is oil, and the component is an oil line.
7. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles includes a particle diameter, and each particle of the plurality of particles is spaced apart from each other by a distance that is ten percent of the particle diameter or greater and is a diameter of the particle or less.
8. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles is spaced apart from each other on the surface, and
wherein the surface has an area, and the plurality of particles has a surface density on the surface, the surface density being from twenty percent to ninety-five percent of the area of the surface.
9. A component susceptible to the formation of deposits, the component comprising:
a substrate having a surface susceptible to the formation of a deposit thereon; and
a shape memory alloy coating formed on the surface of the substrate, the shape memory alloy coating being a plurality of particles formed on the surface, and each particle of the plurality of particles being formed from a shape memory alloy.
10. The component of claim 9 , wherein the shape memory alloy is one of a nickel-titanium alloy, a cobalt-nickel-aluminum alloy, nickel-iron-gallium alloy, an iron-manganese-gallium alloy, or a cobalt-nickel-gallium alloy.
11. The component of claim 9 , wherein the particles of the plurality of particles are irregularly arranged on the surface.
12. The component of claim 9 , wherein the particles of the plurality of particles are arranged in an ordered array on the surface.
13. The component of claim 9 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles is irregularly shaped.
14. The component of claim 9 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles has a shape, the shape being one of hemispherical, conical, pyramidal, or cuboidal.
15. The component of claim 9 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles has (i) a width at the surface, (ii) a height projecting from the surface, and (iii) an aspect ratio of the height to the width, the aspect ratio being twenty to one or less.
16. The component of claim 9 , wherein the surface includes a plurality of recesses, a particle of the plurality of particles being located in each one of the plurality of recesses.
17. The component of claim 9 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles is spaced apart from each other on the surface.
18. The component of claim 17 , wherein the surface has an area, and the plurality of particles has a surface density on the surface, the surface density being from twenty percent to ninety-five percent of the area of the surface.
19. The component of claim 17 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles includes a particle diameter, and each particle of the plurality of particles is spaced apart from each other by a distance that is ten percent of the particle diameter or greater.
20. The component of claim 19 , wherein each particle of the plurality of particles is spaced apart from each other by a distance that is a diameter of the particle or less.