Apparatus for radiation detection
An is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a two-dimensional perovskite having a polaronic emission Stokes' shifted by at least 50 nm to minimise loss due to re-absorption.
1. A radiation detector comprising:
a two-dimensional halide perovskite having a polaronic emission Stokes' shifted by at least 50 nm to minimise loss due to re-absorption.
2. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskite has a scintillation decay time at room temperature of one of: 8 ns or less; 7 ns or less; 6 ns or less; and 5 ns or less.
3. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , configured as a scintillator.
4. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , or claim 2 configured as a photodetector.
5. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskite is in the form of a single crystal.
6. The radiation detector claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskite is in the form of a film.
7. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , comprising a cation selected from the group of: EDBE; N-MEDA; API; AETU or CEA.
8. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , comprising one or more of: a halide; a Group IVa metal; a transition metal; a post-transition metal; or a lanthanide.
9. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskite is a layered hybrid perovskite of the Ruddlesden-Popper series with a general formula of (A) 2 (B) n−1 [Pb n X 3n+1 ], where A is a bulky cation, B is a small cation and X is an anion.
10. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskite has a polaronic emission Stokes' shifted by at least 100 nm; at least 200 nm or at least 300 nm.
11. The radiation detector to claim 1 , comprising lateral contacts formed in a direction parallel to a layered structure of the two-dimensional halide perovskite.
12. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional halide perovskite is doped with a functional organic cation and the radiation detector comprises vertical contacts formed in a direction orthogonal to a layered structure of the two-dimensional halide perovskite.
13. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , configured for broadband luminescence with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 50 nm.
14. The radiation detector according to claim 1 , configured for broadband luminescence with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of at least 100 nm.