Apparatus and method of analyzing the absorption behavior of an object

1. A method of analyzing the absorption behavior of an object, comprising the following steps:

generating at least one electromagnetic signal emitted via at least one antenna such that a fixed spatial electric field distribution is produced,

modulating the electromagnetic signal with a waveform at the fixed spatial electric field distribution to generate a modulated signal which is emitted via the at least one antenna as a forward electromagnetic wave towards the object to be analyzed,

measuring at least one wave quantity of the forward electromagnetic wave,

receiving a backward electromagnetic wave via at least one antenna,

measuring at least one wave quantity of the backward electromagnetic wave, and

evaluating the measured wave quantity of the backward electromagnetic wave and the measured wave quantity of the forward electromagnetic wave by respectively transforming the measured wave quantities to obtain a spectrum of the respective transformation, wherein the spectrum assigned to the forward electromagnetic wave is compared with the spectrum assigned to the backward electromagnetic wave to determine deviations of the spectra from each other on the basis of which the object is characterized.

2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that at least one network parameter assigned to the at least one antenna is determined via the measured wave quantities.

3. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the transformation of the corresponding wave quantity comprises phase information and/or amplitude information.

4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the measured wave quantity of the backward electromagnetic wave and the measured wave quantity of the forward electromagnetic wave at at least one specific frequency are measured and/or evaluated.

5. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the at least one specific frequency is an asymmetric harmonic Fourier frequency.

6. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that a plurality of different modulated signals are generated which are used at several different fixed spatial electric field distributions, wherein the wave quantity of the forward electromagnetic wave and the wave quantity of the backward electromagnetic wave are measured and evaluated for each fixed spatial electric field distribution.

7. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that at least one evaluation quantity, which is used as input parameter for a mathematical model, a machine learning algorithm or a regression model is determined during the evaluation.

8. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that based on the evaluation, the radiant power is adapted for at least one fixed spatial electric field distribution.

9. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that an object type of the object, a position of the object, the volume of the object, the amount of the object, the temperature of the object, the aspect ratio of the object, the number of objects and/or the state of the object is determined during the evaluation.

10. A method of operating a cooking device, in which first a method according to claim 1 is carried out so that the absorption behavior of the at least one object located in the cooking chamber is determined, the power of the electromagnetic radiation being then focused into at least one specific area of the cooking chamber or distributed uniformly in the cooking chamber based on the determined absorption behavior.

11. An analyzing device for analyzing the absorption behavior of an object, having at least one microwave generator which is arranged to generate an electromagnetic signal, at least one antenna which is assigned to the microwave generator, a modulation unit which is arranged to modulate the electromagnetic signal generated by the microwave generator with a waveform to generate a modulated signal, and a measuring unit assigned to the at least one antenna, wherein the measuring unit is arranged to measure at least one wave quantity of a forward wave of the signal and at least one wave quantity of a backward wave, and wherein the cooking device comprises a control or evaluation unit which is arranged to evaluate the measured wave quantity of the backward electromagnetic wave and the measured wave quantity of the forward electromagnetic wave by respectively performing a transformation of the measured wave quantities in each case, to obtain a spectrum of the respective transformation, wherein the control or evaluation unit is arranged to compare the spectrum assigned to the forward electromagnetic wave with the spectrum assigned to the backward electromagnetic wave to determine deviations of the spectra from each another on the basis of which the object is characterized.