Circuit breaker forensics for power distribution units
Disclosed are power distribution systems and methods in which a power distribution unit (PDU) is provided with an overcurrent protection device and per-outlet current sensing at each of the multiple electrical outlets of the PDU. The described embodiments enable the identification of the electronic device connected to a specific outlet or electronic device that may have caused the overcurrent protection device to trip. The methods of outlet identification in a PDU having multiple electrical outlets includes detecting whether either a peak current or a half-cycle root mean square (RMS) current at each outlet has exceeded a selected threshold prior to the occurrence of the trip event associated with the overcurrent protection device.
1. A power distribution apparatus, comprising:
a housing;
a power inlet;
a plurality of electrical outlets, wherein each of the plurality of electrical outlets (a) is adapted to provision power to an associated electronic device and (b) comprises an associated current sensor;
at least one overcurrent protection device; and
at least one processor coupled to the at least one overcurrent protection device and each associated current sensor, said at least one processor configured to:
receive a signal that represents current from each associated current sensor;
compute, based on the signal, a current characteristic for each associated current sensor;
detect a trip event associated with the at least one overcurrent protection device; and
determine whether at least one computed current characteristic exceeds a selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event, whereby:
upon determining that the at least one computed characteristic exceeds the selected threshold, said at least one processor is further configured to correlate the at least one computed characteristic to at least one of the associated current sensor or its associated electronic device, and
upon determining that the at least one computed characteristic does not exceed the selected threshold, said at least one processor is further configured to transmit to a location remote from the power distribution apparatus a message indicative of an absence of any of the plurality of electrical outlets being an individual cause of the trip event.
2. The power distribution apparatus of claim 1 , wherein, upon said at least one processor determining that two or more respective current characteristics exceed the selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event, the at least one processor being further configured to:
identify two or more suspect electrical outlets or their suspect electronic devices corresponding to the two or more respective current characteristics; and
transmit, to a location remote from the power distribution apparatus, an identifier associated with an associated electrical outlet of said two or more suspect electrical outlets that measured a highest value of the respective current characteristics.
3. The power distribution apparatus of claim 1 , wherein computing the current characteristic is based on sampling the signal from each associated current sensor.
4. A power distribution apparatus, comprising:
a housing;
a power inlet;
a plurality of electrical outlets, wherein each of the plurality of electrical outlets (a) is adapted to provision power to an associated electronic device and (b) comprises an associated current sensor;
at least one overcurrent protection device; and
at least one processor coupled to the at least one overcurrent protection device and each associated current sensor, said at least one processor configured to:
receive a signal that represents current from each associated current sensor;
compute, based on the signal, a current characteristic for each associated current sensor;
detect a trip event associated with the at least one overcurrent protection device, wherein said trip event corresponds to a voltage of at least one of the plurality of electrical outlets being less than a selected percentage or percentage range of a voltage of the power inlet; and
determine whether at least one computed current characteristic exceeds a selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event.
5. The power distribution apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the selected percentage range if from 65% to 85%.
6. The power distribution apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one electrical outlet of the plurality of electrical outlets is a switched electrical outlet that can be toggled on or off to selectively control current flow therethrough.
7. The power distribution apparatus of claim 6 , wherein said at least one processor is further configured to:
identify a suspect electrical outlet corresponding to the respective current characteristic; and
toggle the suspect electrical outlet to an off state.
8. The power distribution apparatus of claim 7 , wherein said at least one processor is further configured to:
maintain the suspect electrical outlet in the off state; and
toggle, upon a determination that an external reset command or administrator verification message has been received, the suspect electrical outlet to an on state.
9. The power distribution apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the current characteristic is representative of a half-cycle root mean square (RMS) current.
10. The power distribution apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the current characteristic is representative of a peak current.
11. A method for monitoring a plurality of electrical outlets of a power distribution apparatus, each of the plurality of electrical outlets being adapted to provision power to an associated electronic device and including an associated current sensor, the method comprising:
receiving a signal that represents current from each associated current sensor;
computing, using at least one processor of the power distribution apparatus and based on the signal, a current characteristic for each associated current sensor;
detecting, using the at least one processor, a trip event associated with at least one overcurrent protection device based on a signal that represents voltage from at least one voltage sensor; and
determining, using the at least one processor, whether at least one computed current characteristic exceeds a selected threshold prior to a detection of the trip event.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
determining that a respective current characteristic exceeds the selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event;
identifying a suspect electrical outlet corresponding to the respective current characteristic; and
providing, on the power distribution apparatus, a perceptible indication of the suspect electrical outlet.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the perceptible indication is provided on a display on the power distribution apparatus.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the perceptible indication is provided via one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) on the power distribution apparatus.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the current characteristic is representative of a half-cycle root mean square (RMS) current or a peak current.
16. A power distribution apparatus, comprising:
a housing;
a power inlet;
a plurality of electrical outlets, wherein each of the plurality of electrical outlets (a) is adapted to provision power to an associated electronic device and (b) comprises an associated current sensor;
at least one overcurrent protection device; and
at least one processor coupled to the at least one overcurrent protection device and each associated current sensor, said at least one processor configured to:
receive a signal that represents current from each associated current sensor;
compute, based on the signal, a current characteristic for each associated current sensor;
detect a trip event associated with the at least one overcurrent protection device; and
determine whether at least one computed current characteristic exceeds a selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event, whereby upon determining that a computed current characteristic exceeds the selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event, the at least one processor being further configured to:
identify a suspect electrical outlet or its suspect electronic device corresponding to the respective current characteristic;
transmit, to a location remote from the power distribution apparatus, an identifier associated with the suspect electrical outlet; and
transmit, to the location remote from the power distribution apparatus, a waveform capture corresponding to the signal from the at least one said associated current sensor.
17. A power distribution apparatus, comprising:
a housing;
a power inlet;
a plurality of electrical outlets, wherein each of the plurality of electrical outlets (a) is adapted to provision power to an associated electronic device and (b) comprises an associated current sensor;
at least one overcurrent protection device; and
at least one processor coupled to the at least one overcurrent protection device and each associated current sensor, said at least one processor configured to:
receive a signal that represents current from each associated current sensor;
compute, based on the signal, a current characteristic for each associated current sensor;
detect a trip event associated with the at least one overcurrent protection device; and
determine whether at least one computed current characteristic exceeds a selected threshold prior to detection of the trip event; and
at least one voltage sensor, wherein detecting the trip event associated with the at least one overcurrent protection device is based on a signal that represents voltage from the at least one voltage sensor.
18. The power distribution apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the selected percentage is 75%.