Patient-specific modeling of hemodynamic parameters in coronary arteries

1. A method of generating a coronary artery model comprising:

receiving patient-specific anatomical structure data and patient-specific physiological data, wherein the anatomical structure data comprises structural information about a patient's coronary arteries, and wherein the patient-specific physiological data comprises a continuously recorded blood pressure waveform from a non-invasive measurement;

generating, based at least in part on the anatomical structure data, an anatomical model of at least a portion of the patient's coronary arteries;

generating an inflow or an outflow waveform boundary condition for a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of blood flow in the anatomical model by:

(i) assigning the continuously recorded blood pressure waveform as the boundary condition, and

(ii) using the continuously recorded blood pressure waveform to model the boundary condition;

simulating blood flow in the anatomical model using CFD and the inflow or the outflow waveform boundary condition for the CFD simulation of blood flow; and

determining, based at least in part on the simulation, one or more hemodynamic parameters associated with the patient's coronary arteries,

thereby generating a coronary artery model.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anatomical structure data is from a non-invasive measurement.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anatomical structure data is from a computed tomography angiogram.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the anatomical model does not include segmenting an aorta.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anatomical model is a model of only the patient's coronary arteries.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inflow or the outflow waveform boundary condition comprises an inflow boundary condition for the patient's coronary arteries or an outflow boundary condition for the patient's coronary arteries.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the inflow or the outflow waveform boundary condition comprises:

determining, based at least in part on a blood circulation system model and the continuously recorded blood pressure waveform, volumetric blood flow rate data;

determining, based at least in part on a heart chambers pressure-volume model and the volumetric blood flow rate data, ventricle pressure data;

determining, based at least in part on a coronary blood flow model, the continuously recorded blood pressure waveform, and the ventricle pressure data, coronary artery inlet flow data.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein generating the inflow or the outflow waveform boundary condition comprises

determining, based at least in part on an allometric scaling law and the coronary artery inlet flow data, coronary artery outlet flow data.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the heart chambers pressure-volume model is a time-varying elastance model.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the blood flow simulations are carried out using a transient solver or a steady-state solver.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CFD simulation comprises determining vessel flow and pressure drop characteristics with a steady-state approach.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more hemodynamic parameters are selected from blood pressure, blood flow, blood flow rate, wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), relative residence time (RRT), fractional flow reserve (FFR), instantaneous wave-free ration (iFR), and coronary flow reserve (CFR).

13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising outputting the one or more determined hemodynamic parameters.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the outputting comprises sending the one or more determined hemodynamic parameters to a display device.

15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the outputting comprises sending the one or more determined hemodynamic parameters to a remote computer.

16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising determining a patient-specific treatment plan based, at least in part, on the one or more determined hemodynamic parameters.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the patient-specific treatment plan is an optimal, patient-specific location for stent placement in the patient.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the continuously recorded blood pressure waveform is a continuous waveform.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein (i) and (ii) are performed in sequence.

20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising modeling overall blood circulation in the patient using a multi-compartment model comprising the anatomical model of the patient's coronary arteries or a portion thereof and a systemic and/or pulmonary circulation model.