Golf club heads comprising a thermoplastic composite material
A golf club head includes a front body and a rear body coupled to the front body to define a hollow cavity therebetween. The front body includes a strike face that defines a ball striking surface, a hosel, and a frame that at least partially surrounds the strikeface and extends rearward from a perimeter of the strikeface away from the ball striking surface. The strike face and frame are formed from a thermoplastic composite comprising a thermoplastic polymer having a plurality of discontinuous fibers embedded therein. Each of the plurality of discontinuous fibers have a length between about 0.01 mm and 3 mm. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic composite is 30% to 70% fibers by volume.
1. A golf club head comprising
a front body including a strike face defining a ball striking surface, a hosel, and a frame that at least partially surrounds the strike face and extends rearward from a perimeter of the strike face away from the ball striking surface;
a rear body coupled to the front body to define a hollow cavity therebetween; and
wherein:
an entirety of the strike face and frame are formed from a thermoplastic composite comprising a thermoplastic polymer having a plurality of discontinuous fibers embedded therein;
between a center of the strike face and the hosel, greater than about 50% of the plurality of discontinuous fibers are aligned within about 30 degrees of parallel to a horizontal axis extending from the center of the strike face to the hosel;
each of the plurality of discontinuous fibers have a length of between about 0.01 mm and 3 mm; and
the thermoplastic composite is 30% to 70% fibers by volume.
2. The golf club head of claim 1 , wherein:
within the frame, greater than about 50% of the plurality of discontinuous fibers are aligned within about 30 degrees of parallel to an axis extending from the ball striking surface to a rear edge and perpendicular to the horizontal axis; and
the axis extending from the ball striking surface to the rear edge is perpendicular to the rear edge.
3. The golf club head of claim 1 , wherein the front body includes:
a toe portion on an opposite side of the strike face from the hosel;
the frame defining a portion of a crown and a sole;
the horizontal axis extending between the crown and the sole and through the center of the strike face;
a rear surface on an opposite side of the strike face from the ball striking surface; and
wherein the strike face includes an embossed channel protruding from the rear surface away from the ball striking surface, the embossed channel extending from the toe portion between the crown and the horizontal axis toward the center of the strike face.
4. The golf club head of claim 3 , further comprising a thickened center region protruding from the rear surface away from the ball striking surface and centered about the center of the strike face.
5. The golf club head of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic composite comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix material chosen from a group consisting of polycarbonate (PC), polyester (PBT), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyamide (PA) (e.g. polyamide 6 (PA6), polyamide 6-6 (PA66), polyamide-12 (PA12), polyamide-612 (PA612), 14 polyamide 11 (PAI11)), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyphthalamide (PPA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene ether/oxide (PPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), polypropylene (PP), styrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polymethylpentene (PMP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and alloys of these materials.
6. The golf club head of claim 1 , wherein a material of the plurality of discontinuous fibers is chosen from a group consisting of carbon, glass, aramid, bamboo, cotton, hemp, flax, titanium, aluminum, titanium dioxide, granite, and silicon carbide.
7. The golf club head of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of continuous reinforcing elements embedded within the thermoplastic polymer of the strike face.
8. The golf club head of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of continuous reinforcing elements comprise metallic wires.
9. The golf club head of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic composite comprises a strength to weight ratio or specific strength greater than 1,000,000 lbs/in 3 .
10. The golf club head of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic composite comprises a strength to modulus ratio or specific flexibility greater than 0.009.
11. The golf club head of claim 1 , further comprising a thermoplastic resin chosen from a group consisting of polyetheretherketones (PEEK), and engineering polyurethanes.
12. A golf club head comprising:
a front body including a strike face defining a ball striking surface, a hosel, and a frame that at least partially surrounds the strike face and extends rearward from a perimeter of the strike face away from the ball striking surface;
a rear body coupled to the front body to define a hollow cavity therebetween; and
wherein:
an entirety of the strike face and frame are formed from a thermoplastic composite comprising a thermoplastic polymer having a plurality of discontinuous fibers embedded therein,
between a center of the strike face and the hosel, greater than about 50% of the plurality of discontinuous fibers are aligned within about 30 degrees of parallel to a horizontal axis extending from the center of the strike face to the hosel;
each of the plurality of discontinuous fibers have a length of between about 0.01 mm and 3 mm;
a plurality of continuous reinforcing elements embedded within the thermoplastic polymer of the strike face;
wherein:
a first set of the plurality of continuous reinforcing elements extend generally parallel to each other.
13. The golf club head of claim 12 , wherein:
within the frame, greater than about 50% of the plurality of discontinuous fibers are aligned within about 30 degrees of parallel to an axis extending from the ball striking surface to a rear edge and perpendicular to the horizontal axis; and
the axis extending from the ball striking surface to the rear edge is perpendicular to the rear edge.
14. The golf club head of claim 12 , wherein the front body comprises a rear edge that abuts the rear body when the rear body is coupled to the front body.
15. The golf club head of claim 12 , wherein the front body includes:
a toe portion on an opposite side of the strike face from the hosel;
the frame defining a portion of a crown and a sole;
the horizontal axis extending between the crown and the sole and through the center of the strike face;
a rear surface on an opposite side of the strike face from the ball striking surface; and
wherein the strike face includes an embossed channel protruding from the rear surface away from the ball striking surface, the embossed channel extending from the toe portion between the crown and the horizontal axis toward the center of the strike face.
16. The golf club head of claim 15 , further comprising a thickened center region protruding from the rear surface away from the ball striking surface and centered about the center of the strike face.
17. The golf club head of claim 12 , wherein the thermoplastic composite comprises a thermoplastic polymer matrix material chosen from a group consisting of polycarbonate (PC), polyester (PBT), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyamide (PA) (e.g. polyamide 6 (PA6), polyamide 6-6 (PA66), polyamide-12 (PA12), polyamide-612 (PA612), 14 polyamide 11 (PAI11)), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyphthalamide (PPA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene ether/oxide (PPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), polypropylene (PP), styrene acrylonitrile (SAN), polymethylpentene (PMP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and alloys of these materials.
18. The golf club head of claim 12 , wherein a material of the plurality of discontinuous fibers is chosen from a group consisting of carbon, glass, aramid, bamboo, cotton, hemp, flax, titanium, aluminum, titanium dioxide, granite, and silicon carbide.
19. The golf club head of claim 12 , further comprising a thermoplastic resin chosen from a group consisting of polyetheretherketones (PEEK), and engineering polyurethanes.
20. The golf club head of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of continuous reinforcing elements comprise metallic wires.