Compositions, their use, and methods for their formation
Compositions comprising polysaccharides and oligosaccharides are provided. Methods for the formation of the compositions, including the enzymatic production of the oligosaccharides, and the uses of the compositions in foodstuffs, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals are also provided.
1. A sweetener composition for human consumption comprising oligosaccharides comprising cello-oligosaccharides and xylo-oligosaccharides, wherein:
the cello-oligosaccharides comprise 5% to 50% by dry weight of a total content of cello-oligosaccharides and xylo-oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition, the cello-oligosaccharides having a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to six, wherein at least 30% by dry weight of the cello-oligosaccharides comprise cellobiose; and
the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise 50% to 95% by dry weight of the total content of the cello-oligosaccharides and the xylo-oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition, the xylo-oligosaccharides having a DP from two to twelve, wherein at least 30% by dry weight of the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise xylo-oligosaccharides with a DP from two to six.
2. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the cello-oligosaccharides comprise 5% to 50% by dry weight of a total content of the oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition.
3. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise 5% to 80% by dry weight of a total content of the oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition.
4. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the cello-oligosaccharides comprise 5% to 50% by dry weight of a total content of monosaccharides and the oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition.
5. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein sweetener composition comprises less than 5% by dry weight of monosaccharides.
6. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the cello-oligosaccharides comprise 5% to 50% by dry weight of a total content of saccharides in the sweetener composition.
7. The sweetener composition of claim 6 , wherein the sweetener composition comprises from 40% to 90% by dry weight the xylo-oligosaccharides relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition.
8. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise 5% to 80% by dry weight of a total content of saccharides in the sweetener composition.
9. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition comprises at least 10% by dry weight xylo-oligosaccharides relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition.
10. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein up to 60% by dry weight of the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise xylobiose.
11. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise arabinosyl residues.
12. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein a total saccharide content comprises at least 30% by dry weight the xylo-oligosaccharides relative to a total saccharide content, the xylo-oligosaccharides having a DP from two to five.
13. The sweetener composition of claim 12 , wherein up to 50% by dry weight of the cello-oligosaccharides, relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition, comprise cellobiose.
14. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition comprises at least 10% by dry weight the cello-oligosaccharides relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition.
15. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the cello-oligosaccharides to the xylo-oligosaccharides is from 1:1 to 1:9.
16. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition comprises less than 20% by dry weight monosaccharides relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition.
17. The sweetener composition of claim 16 , wherein the monosaccharides comprise glucose, xylose, galactose, fucose, fructose, or any combination thereof.
18. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition comprises at least 5% by dry weight trisaccharides relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition.
19. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition comprises at least 2% by dry weight tetrasaccharides relative to a total saccharide content in the sweetener composition.
20. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition is derived from an enzymatic digestion of a biomass.
21. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein a sweetness of the sweetener composition is higher than a sweetness of a control composition, and wherein the control composition comprises an identical volume of either the cello-oligosaccharides alone or the xylo-oligosaccharides alone as the sweetener composition.
22. The sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the sweetener composition is a sweetener component in a finished product, wherein the amount of the sweetener composition is on a basis by dry weight at least 50% by dry weight of the sum of other monosaccharides and disaccharides in the finished product by dry weight, and wherein the finished product has a comparable texture profile to a control product comprising only cane sugar as the sweetener component.
23. The sweetener composition of claim 22 , wherein a caramelization provided by the sweetener composition in the finished product is comparable to a caramelization provided by the control composition.
24. A baked food composition comprising an oligosaccharide composition comprising 5% to 50% by dry weight, relative to a total content of cello-oligosaccharides and xylo-oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition, cello-oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to six, wherein at least 30% by dry weight of the cello-oligosaccharides in the sweetener composition comprise cellobiose.
25. The baked food composition of claim 24 further comprising 50% to 95% by dry weight, relative to a total oligosaccharide content, xylo-oligosaccharides with a DP from two to twelve.
26. The baked food composition of claim 25 , wherein at least 30% by dry weight of the xylo-oligosaccharides comprise xylo-oligosaccharides with a DP from two to six.