Vaccine compositions and methods of use
The present disclosure provides vaccine compositions comprising at least one adjuvant and at least one antigen, wherein the adjuvant is a cationic lipid. The disclosure also provides methods of treating a disease in a mammal, methods of preventing a disease in a mammal, and methods of effecting antigen cross presentation to induce a humoral immune response and a cellular immune response in a mammal utilizing the vaccine compositions. Cross presentation of various antigens can be achieved by formulating the specific antigens with cationic lipids possessing adjuvant properties.
1. A lipid-based vaccine composition comprising a lipid and at least one pathogenic antigen,
wherein the lipid consists of a cationic lipid and wherein the cationic lipid consists of R-DOTAP;
wherein the at least one pathogenic antigen is a multi-epitope influenza antigen,
wherein the vaccine composition is capable of enhancing both a CD 8+ T cell response and an antibody response over the at least one pathogenic antigen alone, and
wherein the CD 8+ T-cell response is enhanced by at least 2 fold over that elicited by the antigen alone.
2. The vaccine composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one pathogenic antigen is a naturally-occurring, an inactivated, synthetic or a recombinant antigen.
3. The vaccine composition of claim 2 , wherein the inactivated pathogenic antigen comprises an antigen from a conserved region of a pathogen.
4. The vaccine composition of claim 3 , wherein the inactivated pathogenic antigen consists of hemagglutinin antigen(s).
5. The vaccine composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-epitope influenza antigen comprises a recombinant influenza antigen.
6. A method of effecting antigen cross presentation to induce a humoral immune response and a cellular immune response in a mammal, said method comprising the step of administering an effective amount of a vaccine composition to the mammal, wherein the vaccine composition comprises a lipid, and at least one pathogenic antigen,
wherein the lipid consists of a cationic lipid and wherein the cationic lipid consists of R-DOTAP.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the humoral immune response is an antibody response.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein the cellular immune response is a T cell response.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the T cell response is a CD 8+ T cell response.
10. The method of claim 6 wherein the cationic lipid is a non-steroidal cationic lipid.
11. The vaccine composition of claim 5 , wherein the inactivated pathogenic antigen consists of a neuraminidase subunit vaccine.
12. The vaccine composition of claim 2 , where the inactivated pathogenic antigen is a recombinant protein.
13. The vaccine composition of claim 2 , wherein the inactivated pathogenic antigen is a lipidated antigen or an antigen modified to increase hydrophobicity of the antigen.
14. The vaccine composition of claim 2 , wherein the inactivated pathogenic antigen encodes a modified protein or peptide.
15. The vaccine composition of claim 14 , wherein the modified protein or peptide is bonded to a hydrophobic group.
16. The vaccine composition of claim 15 , wherein the modified protein or peptide bonded to a hydrophobic group further comprises a linker sequence between the antigen and the hydrophobic group.
17. The vaccine composition of claim 15 , wherein the hydrophobic group is a palmitoyl group.
18. The vaccine composition of claim 1 , further comprising a non-ionic buffer, and wherein the vaccine composition is free of phosphate buffered saline (PBS).