Methods for preparing partially fluorinated esters
A method for preparing a partially fluorinated ester comprising acyl and alkoxy groups wherein the acyl group comprises a branched or linear fluorine containing C 3 -C 8 group with one of the structures: (Formulae (I), (II)) wherein X and Y are independently selected from: —H, —CH 3 , —F, —Cl, —CH 2 F, —CF 3 —OCF 3 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , OCH 2 CF 2 CHF 2 and —CH 2 CF 3 (wherein both X and Y cannot be H) comprising reacting an unsaturated halocarbon: (Formula (III)) wherein A and B are independently selected from the group comprising —H, —CH 3 , —F, —Cl, —CH 2 F, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , OCH 2 CF 2 CHF 2 and —CH 2 CF 3 (wherein both A and B cannot be H) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst methods.
1. A method for preparing a partially fluorinated ester comprising acyl and alkoxy groups wherein the acyl group comprises a branched or linear fluorine containing C 4 -C 8 group with one of the structures:
wherein X and Y are independently selected from:
H, —CH 3 , —F, —Cl, —CH 2 F, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , OCH 2 CF 2 CHF 2 and —CH 2 CF 3 , wherein both X and Y cannot be H, comprising (wherein both X and Y cannot be H)
comprising reacting an unsaturated halocarbon:
wherein A and B are independently selected from the group comprising —H, —CH 3 , —F, —Cl, —CH 2 F, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , OCH 2 CF 2 CHF 2 and —CH 2 CF 3 , wherein both X and Y cannot be H, with with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst.
2. A method according to claim 1 , where the acyl group has 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the acyl group comprises CF 3 —C 2 H 3 FCO, CF 3 CH 2 CH(F)CO, CF 3 CH(CH 2 F)CO, CF 3 CF(CH 3 )CO, CF 3 —C 3 H 3 F 3 CO, or CF 3 CH 2 CH(CF 3 )CO.
4. A method according to claim 1 , comprising reacting 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (1234yf) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol of formula ROH to form CF 3 CF(CH 3 )CO 2 R and/or CF 3 CHFCH 2 CO 2 R; or reacting 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233xf) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol to form CF 3 CCl(CH 3 )CO 2 R and/or CF 3 CHClCH 2 CO 2 R.
5. A method according to claim 1 , comprising reacting 1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (1234ze) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol of formula ROH to form to form CF 3 CH(CH 2 F)CO 2 R and/or CF 3 CH 2 CHFCO 2 R.
6. A method according to claim 1 , comprising reacting 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (1336mzz) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol of formula ROH to form CF 3 CH 2 CH(CF 3 )CO 2 R.
7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkoxy group is derived from a branched or linear monohydric alcohol with the formula HOC n H 2n+1−x F x , wherein n is from 1 to 10 and x has a value from 0 to 2n+1.
8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a group 8-12 metallic compound, and comprising a halogen ligand and a phosphorous-containing ligand or comprising a carbonyl ligand.
9. A method according to claim 8 , wherein the group 8-12 metallic compound is selected from the group consisting of iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, and mercury.
10. A method according to claim 8 , wherein when the catalyst comprises the halogen ligand and the phosphorous-containing ligand, the halogen ligand is selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, and the phosphorous-containing ligand is selected from the group consisting of PH 3 and PPh 3 .
11. A method according to claim 8 , wherein when the catalyst comprises the carbonyl ligand, the catalyst comprises another ligand selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and phosphorous-containing compounds.