Dual mode camera and quasi-bandpass filter
A dual mode camera may have a camera module and a light source. The camera module may include a quasi-bandpass filter for passing visible light and passing an attenuated portion of near-infrared light to an image sensor for detection. A processor may determine an ambient lighting condition corresponding with an amount of ambient visible light detected by a photodetector. In response to a first ambient lighting condition, the processor may send a first control signal to an encoder to encode image data in monochrome, and another signal to activate a light source. In response to a second ambient lighting condition, the processor may send a second control signal to the encoder to encode image data in color. The light source may emit a band of near-infrared light corresponding with an atmospheric absorption band. The quasi-bandpass filter may attenuate a portion of near-infrared light corresponding with the same atmospheric absorption band.
1. A camera comprising:
an aperture for receiving light;
a quasi-bandpass filter for filtering the light received by the aperture to provide filtered light, the filtered light including visible light and attenuated near-infrared light; and
an image sensor for detecting image data in response to the filtered light, wherein a transmission spectrum of the quasi-bandpass filter includes:
a visible band comprising wavelengths of the visible light, the visible band having a peak visible transmittance; and
a near-infrared band comprising wavelengths of the attenuated near-infrared light, the near-infrared band having a peak near-infrared transmittance, the peak near-infrared transmittance comprising a ratio of light passed by the quasi-bandpass filter in the near-infrared band to light received by the quasi-bandpass filter in the near-infrared band being greater than 1% and not exceeding 50%.
2. The camera of claim 1 wherein the near-infrared band comprises a near-infrared atmospheric absorption band.
3. The camera of claim 1 wherein the wavelengths of the attenuated near-infrared light comprise a rho sigma tau atmospheric absorption band.
4. The camera of claim 1 further comprising a light source, the light source having an emission band overlapping at least a portion of the near-infrared band of the quasi-bandpass filter.
5. The camera of claim 4 wherein a center wavelength of the light source is about 950 nanometers.
6. The camera of claim 1 wherein the image sensor comprises a color filter array consisting of visible color pixels.
7. The camera of claim 1 wherein the quasi-bandpass filter is a static, fixed filter.
8. The camera of claim 1 wherein the quasi-bandpass filter is a single thin-film interference filter.
9. A surveillance system comprising:
a quasi-bandpass filter for passing wavelengths of visible light and attenuating a band of wavelengths of near-infrared light, a peak near-infrared transmittance of the quasi-bandpass filter greater than zero for the band of wavelengths attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter and less than a peak visible transmittance of the quasi-bandpass filter for the wavelengths of visible light, the peak near-infrared transmittance comprises a ratio of light passed by the quasi-bandpass filter to light received by the quasi-bandpass filter in the band of wavelengths of near-infrared light, and the peak visible transmittance comprises a ratio of light passed by the quasi-bandpass filter to light received by the quasi-bandpass filter for the wavelengths of visible light;
an image sensor for receiving the wavelengths of visible light and the band of wavelengths attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter;
a light source having an emission band overlapping at least a portion of the band of wavelengths attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter;
a photodetector configured to detect a signal corresponding to an amount of ambient visible light and control the light source in accordance with the signal; and
a processor in communication with the photodetector, the light source, and the image sensor wherein the processor is configured to perform operations comprising:
detecting, via the photodetector, different amounts of ambient visible light including a first amount of ambient visible light and a second amount of ambient visible light, the second amount of ambient visible light different from the first amount of ambient visible light;
in response to detecting the first amount of ambient visible light, activating the light source and generating first image data based on the band of wavelengths attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter and received by the image sensor; and
in response to detecting the second amount of ambient visible light, deactivating the light source and generating second image data based on the wavelengths of visible light passed by the quasi-bandpass filter and received by the image sensor.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein the image sensor comprises the photodetector.
11. The system of claim 9 wherein the peak near-infrared transmittance is greater than 1% and does not exceed 50%.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein:
generating the first image data comprises encoding the first image data in monochrome; and
generating the second image data comprises encoding the second image data in color.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein generating the second image data comprises:
receiving raw image data from the image sensor; and
applying a partial white balance processing to the raw image data under halogen lighting conditions to provide processed data having a non-neutral white balance.
14. The system of claim 11 , wherein generating the second image data comprises:
receiving raw image data from the image sensor; and
desaturating at least one color in the raw image data.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein desaturating the at least one color comprises at least one of:
desaturating each color in the raw image data; or
desaturating a first color in the raw image data and maintaining a saturation of a second color in the raw image data, wherein the first color is associated with a false color caused by at least one wavelength of the near-infrared light received by the image sensor in the band of wavelengths attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein desaturating the at least one color comprises desaturating the first color in the raw image data and maintaining the saturation of the second color in the raw image data, and wherein the first color comprises a color of purple.
17. The system of claim 11 wherein the system comprises an in-vehicle surveillance system.
18. A method performed by a dual mode camera comprising steps of:
passing, by a quasi-bandpass filter of the dual mode camera, ambient light to an image sensor of the dual mode camera, wherein the quasi-bandpass filter passes visible light of the ambient light and attenuates a portion of near-infrared light of the ambient light, wherein the quasi-bandpass filter has a peak near-infrared transmittance greater than zero for the portion of near-infrared light of the ambient light and less than a peak visible transmittance of the visible light of the ambient light, wherein the peak near-infrared transmittance comprises a ratio of light passed by the quasi-bandpass filter to light received by the quasi-bandpass filter in the portion of near-infrared light of the ambient light, and wherein the peak visible transmittance comprises a ratio of light passed by the quasi-bandpass filter to light received by the quasi-bandpass filter for the visible light of the ambient light;
generating, by the image sensor, image data from the ambient light;
determining, by a processor of the dual mode camera, a first ambient lighting condition of the ambient light;
encoding, by the processor, the image data in a first mode, the first mode including:
encoding the image data in monochrome; and
activating a light source having an emission band overlapping at least a portion of the near-infrared light attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter;
determining, by the processor, a second ambient lighting condition of the ambient light; and
encoding, by the processor, the image data detected by the image sensor in a second mode, the second mode including:
encoding the image data in color, wherein the first ambient lighting condition is associated with a first detected amount of ambient visible light and the second ambient lighting condition is associated with a second detected amount of ambient visible light, wherein the first detected amount of ambient visible light is less than the second detected amount of ambient visible light and each of the first detected amount of ambient visible light and the second detected amount of ambient visible light are detected by a photodetector.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the portion of near-infrared light attenuated by the quasi-bandpass filter overlaps with a near-infrared atmospheric absorption band.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein determining the first ambient lighting condition of the ambient light includes determining that the first detected amount of ambient visible light is greater than a reference value; and
determining the second ambient lighting condition of the ambient light includes determining that the second detected amount of ambient visible light is less than the reference value.