IP Library Granted Patent US 12,237,482
Granted Patent B2
US 12,237,482 · App. 18/609,344 · Granted Feb 25, 2025

Intelligent module interface for battery maintenance device

Inventor: Kevin I. Bertness (Batavia, IL)
Assignee: Midtronics, Inc.
H01M10/486B60L53/16B60L53/62B60L53/66H01M50/569H01M2220/20
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,237,482
App. No.
18/609,344
Granted
Feb 25, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

The present invention includes a battery pack maintenance device for performing maintenance on battery packs of hybrid and/or electrical vehicles (referred herein generally as electric vehicles). In various embodiments, the device includes one or more loads for connecting to a battery pack for use in discharging the battery pack, and/or charging circuitry for use in charging the battery pack. Optional input/output circuitry can be provided for communicating with circuitry of in the battery pack and/or circuitry of the vehicle. A method and device for determining connector configuration is also provided.

Claims (16)

1. A method of performing maintenance on a battery pack of a vehicle comprising:

electrically connecting to a connector of the battery pack;

measuring relative voltages between electrical connections of the connector of the battery pack;

determining a virtual pin mapping of the electrical connections based upon the voltages; and

performing maintenance on the battery pack based upon the determined virtual pin mapping.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the maintenance comprises comparing voltages.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the maintenance comprises charging the battery pack.

4. The method of claim 1 including identifying electrical connections to a temperature sensor based upon the measured relative voltages.

5. The method of claim 1 including applying a current to the temperature sensor and measuring a voltage drop indicative of temperature.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein the temperature sensor is arranged to sense a temperature of the battery pack.

7. The method of claim 4 including activating a switch based upon the identified electrical connections.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the switch couples the temperature sensor to a current source.

9. The method of claim 1 including measuring a temperature of the battery pack using an infrared temperature sensor.

10. The method of claim 1 including reading information from a memory in a cable used to connect to the battery pack.

11. The method of claim 1 including receiving an input indicative of a type of the battery pack.

12. The method of claim 11 including identifying an incorrect cable used to connect to the battery pack based upon the input and the measured voltages.

Continuity (3)
Division 17136600 · Dec 29, 2020
Provisional Application 62955805 · Dec 31, 2019
Related Publication 20240222731A1 · Jul 4, 2024
References Cited (400)
US 85553A · Adams · 1869 [cited by applicant]
US 2000665A · Neal · 1935 [cited by applicant]
US 2254846A · Heyer · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2417940A · Lehman · 1947 [cited by applicant]
US 2437772A · Wall · 1948 [cited by applicant]
US 2514745A · Dalzell · 1950 [cited by applicant]
US 2727221A · Springg · 1955 [cited by applicant]
US 3025455A · Jonsson · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3178686A · Mills · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3215194A · Sununu et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3223969A · Alexander · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3267452A · Wolf · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3356936A · Smith · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3562634A · Latner · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3593099A · Scholl · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3607673A · Seyl · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3652341A · Halsall et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3676770A · Sharaf et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3699433A · Smith, Jr. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3704439A · Nelson · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3729989A · Little · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3745441A · Soffer · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3750011A · Kreps · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3753094A · Furuishi et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3776177A · Bryant et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3796124A · Crosa · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 2689939A · Godshalk · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3808401A · Wright et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3808522A · Sharaf · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3808573A · Cappell · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3811089A · Strezelewicz · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3816805A · Terry · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3850490A · Zehr · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3857082A · Van Opijnen · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3873911A · Champlin · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3876931A · Godshalk · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3879654A · Kessinger · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3886426A · Daggett · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3886443A · Miyakawa et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3889248A · Ritter · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3906329A · Bader · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3909708A · Champlin · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3920284A · Lane et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3936744A · Perlmutter · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3939400A · Steele · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3946299A · Christianson et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3947757A · Grube et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3969667A · McWilliams · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3979664A · Harris · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3984762A · Dowgiallo, Jr. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3984768A · Staples · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3989544A · Santo · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3997830A · Newell et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4008619A · Alcaide et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4023882A · Pettersson · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4024953A · Nailor, III · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4045718A · Gray · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4047091A · Hutchines et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4053824A · Dupuis et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4056764A · Endo et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4057313A · Polizzano · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4070624A · Taylor · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4086531A · Bernier · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4106025A · Katz · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4112351A · Back et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4114083A · Benham et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4126874A · Suzuki et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4160916A · Papasideris · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4176315A · Sunnarborg · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4178546A · Hulls et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4193025A · Frailing et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4207610A · Gordon · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4207611A · Gordon · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4217645A · Barry et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4218745A · Perkins · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4280457A · Bloxham · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4295468A · Bartelt · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4297639A · Branham · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4307342A · Peterson · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4315204A · Sievers et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4316185A · Watrous et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4322685A · Frailing et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4351405A · Fields et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4352067A · Ottone · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4360780A · Skutch, Jr. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4361809A · Bil et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4363407A · Buckler et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4369407A · Korbell · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4379989A · Kurz et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4379990A · Sievers et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4385269A · Aspinwall et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4390828A · Converse et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4392101A · Saar et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4396880A · Windebank · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4408157A · Beaubien · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4412169A · Dell'Orto · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4423378A · Marino et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4423379A · Jacobs et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4424491A · Bobbett et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4425791A · Kling · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4441359A · Ezoe · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4459548A · Lentz et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4484140A · Dieu · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4502000A · Mashikian · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4514694A · Finger · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4520353A · McAuliffe · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4521498A · Juergens · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4544312A · Stencel · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4560230A · Inglis · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4564798A · Young · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4620767A · Woolf · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4626765A · Tanaka · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4633418A · Bishop · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4637359A · Cook · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4643511A · Gawlik · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4659977A · Kissel et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4663580A · Wortman · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4665370A · Holland · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4667143A · Cooper et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4667279A · Maier · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4678998A · Muramatsu · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4679000A · Clark · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4680528A · Mikami et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4686442A · Radomski · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4697134A · Burkum et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4707795A · Alber et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4709202A · Koenck et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4710861A · Kanner · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4719428A · Liebermann · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4723656A · Kiernan et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4743855A · Randin et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4745349A · Palanisamy et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4773011A · VanHoose · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4781629A · Mize · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US D299909S · Casey · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4816768A · Champlin · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4820966A · Fridman · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4825170A · Champlin · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4826457A · Varatta · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4847547A · Eng, Jr. et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4849700A · Morioka et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4874679A · Miyagawa · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4876495A · Palanisamy et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4881038A · Champlin · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4885523A · Koench · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4888716A · Ueno · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4901007A · Sworm · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4907176A · Bahnick et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4912416A · Champlin · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4913116A · Katogi et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4926330A · Abe et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4929931A · McCuen · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4931738A · MacIntyre et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4932905A · Richards · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4933845A · Hayes · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4934957A · Bellusci · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4937528A · Palanisamy · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4947124A · Hauser · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4949046A · Seyfang · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4956597A · Heavey et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4965738A · Bauer et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4968941A · Rogers · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4968942A · Palanisamy · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4969834A · Johnson · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4983086A · Hatrock · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5004979A · Marino et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5030916A · Bokitch · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5032825A · Kuznicki · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5034893A · Fisher · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5037335A · Campbell · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5037778A · Stark et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5047722A · Wurst et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5081565A · Nabha et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5083076A · Scott · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5087881A · Peacock · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5095223A · Thomas · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5108320A · Kimber · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5109213A · Williams · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5126675A · Yang · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5130658A · Bohmer · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5140269A · Champlin · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5144218A · Bosscha · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5144248A · Alexandres et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US D330338S · Wang · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5159272A · Rao et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5160881A · Schramm et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5164653A · Reem · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5167529A · Verge · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5168208A · Schultz et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5170124A · Blair et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5179335A · Nor · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5187382A · Kondo · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5194799A · Tomantschger · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5202617A · Nor · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5204611A · Nor et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5214370A · Harm et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5214385A · Gabriel et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5223747A · Tschulena · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5241275A · Fang · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5254952A · Salley et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5266880A · Newland · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5278759A · Berra et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5281919A · Palanisamy · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5281920A · Wurst · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5295078A · Stich et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5296823A · Dietrich · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5298797A · Redl · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5300874A · Shimamoto et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5302902A · Groehl · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5309052A · Kim · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5313152A · Wozniak et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5315287A · Sol · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5321231A · Schmalzriedt et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5321626A · Palladino · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5321627A · Reher · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5323337A · Wilson et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5325041A · Briggs · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5331268A · Patino et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5332927A · Paul et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5336993A · Thomas et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5338515A · Dalla Betta et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5339018A · Brokaw · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5343380A · Champlin · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5345384A · Przybyla et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5347163A · Yoshimura · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5349535A · Gupta · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5352968A · Reni et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5357519A · Martin et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5365160A · Leppo et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5365453A · Startup et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5369364A · Renirie et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5381096A · Hirzel · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5384540A · Dessel · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5387871A · Tsai · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5394093A · Cervas · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5402007A · Center et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5410754A · Klotzbach et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5412308A · Brown · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5412323A · Kato et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5425041A · Seko et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5426371A · Salley et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5426416A · Jefferies et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5430645A · Keller · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5432025A · Cox · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5432426A · Yoshida · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5432429A · Armstrong, II et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5434495A · Toko · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5435185A · Eagan · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5442274A · Tamai · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5445026A · Eagan · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5449996A · Matsumoto et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5449997A · Gilmore et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5451881A · Finger · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5453027A · Buell et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5457377A · Jonsson · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5459660A · Berra · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5462439A · Keith · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5469043A · Cherng et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5485090A · Stephens · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5486123A · Miyazaki · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5488300A · Jamieson · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5504674A · Chen et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5508599A · Koenck · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5519383A · De La Rosa · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5528148A · Rogers · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5537967A · Tashiro et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5541489A · Dunstan · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5546317A · Andrieu · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5548273A · Nicol et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5550485A · Falk · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5555498A · Berra · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5561380A · Sway-Tin et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5562501A · Kinoshita et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5563496A · McClure · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5572136A · Champlin · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5573611A · Koch et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5574355A · McShane et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5578915A · Crouch, Jr. et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5583416A · Klang · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5585416A · Audett et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5585728A · Champlin · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5589292A · Rozon · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5589757A · Klang · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5592093A · Klingbiel · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5592094A · Ichikawa · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5596260A · Moravec et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5596261A · Suyama · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5598098A · Champlin · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5602462A · Stich et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5606242A · Hull et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5614788A · Mullins et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5621298A · Harvey · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5631536A · Tseng · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5631831A · Bird et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5633985A · Severson et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5637978A · Kellett et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5642031A · Brotto · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5644212A · Takahashi · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5650937A · Bounaga · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5652501A · McClure et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5653659A · Kunibe et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5654623A · Shiga et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5656920A · Cherng et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5661368A · Deol et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5666040A · Bourbeau · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5675234A · Greene · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5677077A · Faulk · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5684678A · Barrett · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5685734A · Kutz · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5691621A · Phuoc et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5699050A · Kanazawa · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5701089A · Perkins · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5705929A · Caravello et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5707015A · Guthrie · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5710503A · Sideris et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5711648A · Hammerslag · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5712795A · Layman et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5717336A · Basell et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5717937A · Fritz · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5721688A · Bramwell · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5732074A · Spaur et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5739667A · Matsuda et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5744962A · Alber et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5745044A · Hyatt, Jr. et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5747189A · Perkins · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5747909A · Syverson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5747967A · Muljadi et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5754417A · Nicollini · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5757192A · McShane et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5760587A · Harvey · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5772468A · Kowalski et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5773962A · Nor · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5773978A · Becker · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5778326A · Moroto et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5780974A · Pabla et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5780980A · Naito · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5789899A · van Phuoc et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5793359A · Ushikubo · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5796239A · van Phuoc et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5808469A · Kopera · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5811979A · Rhein · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5818201A · Stockstad et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5818234A · McKinnon · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5820407A · Morse et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5821756A · McShane et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5821757A · Alvarez et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5825174A · Parker · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5826467A · Huang · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5831435A · Troy · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5832396A · Moroto et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5850113A · Weimer et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5862515A · Kobayashi et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5865638A · Trafton · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5869951A · Takahashi · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5870018A · Person · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5871858A · Thomsen et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5872443A · Williamson · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5872453A · Shimoyama et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5883306A · Hwang · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5884202A · Jomand · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5894222A · Hibino · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5895440A · Proctor et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5903154A · Zhang et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5903716A · Kimber et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5912534A · Benedict · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5914605A · Bertness · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5916287A · Arjomand et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5927938A · Hammerslag · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5929609A · Joy et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5935180A · Fieramosca et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5939855A · Proctor et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5939861A · Joko et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5945829A · Bertness · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5946605A · Takahisa et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5950144A · Hall et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5951229A · Hammerslag · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5953322A · Kimball · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5955951A · Wischerop et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5961561A · Wakefield, II · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5961604A · Anderson et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5963012A · Garcia et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5969625A · Russo · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5973598A · Beigel · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5978805A · Carson · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5982138A · Krieger · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5990664A · Rahman · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6002238A · Champlin · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6005489A · Siegle et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6005759A · Hart et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6008652A · Theofanopoulos et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6009369A · Boisvert et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6009742A · Balko · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6016047A · Notten et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6031354A · Wiley et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6031368A · Klippel et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6037745A · Koike et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6037751A · Klang · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6037777A · Champlin · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6037778A · Makhija · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6037749A · Parsonage · 2000 [cited by applicant]
Cited By (3)
US 12,392,833 US 12,517,178 US 12,555,965