Stimulation with electrode arrays
A device for implantation in a patient may include an electrode arrays configured to apply at least one electrical pulse to an excitable tissue, the electrode array including at least one electrode; connector contacts, each integrally wired to a particular electrode array, each configured to drive the at least one electrode of the particular electrode array integrally wired thereto with the at least one electrical pulse; a first antenna configured to: receive, from a second antenna and through electrical radiative coupling, an input signal containing electrical energy, the second antenna located outside the patient's body; and one or more circuits electrically connected to the first antenna and the connector contacts, the circuits configured to: create the one or more electrical pulses suitable for stimulation of the excitable tissue by using the electrical energy contained in the input signal; and supply the one or more electrical pulses to the connector contacts.
1. A method to stimulate excitable tissue of a patient, the method comprising: implanting, using an assistive device, two or more electrode arrays of an implantable device of a stimulation system adjacent the excitable tissue of the patient without inserting an implantable battery inside the patient, wherein the two or more electrode arrays each include at least one electrode and are:
spaced apart from each other at two different locations of the excitable tissue,
each configured to apply at least one electrical pulse to the excitable tissue, and
each included in a branch and the branches are distal to a central stem where the branches converge;
withdrawing the assistive device from the patient; and
after withdrawing the assistive device, operating the stimulation system to stimulate the excitable tissue of the patient, during which operation the stimulation system is configured to:
transmit an input signal from an exterior controller module of the stimulation system to the implantable device,
receive the input signal at one or more antenna in the implantable device, the input signal including electrical energy; and
create the at least one electrical pulse from the electrical energy included in the input signal such that the implantable device is wirelessly powered.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the central stem includes the one or more antenna.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branches and the central stem are integrally formed.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the input signal is received by the one or more antenna in the implantable device via non-inductive electrical radiative coupling.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the implantable device is implanted such that the two or more electrode arrays are placed bilaterally with regard to the excitable tissue and the stimulation system is further configured to form a lateral or longitudinal electrical current in the excitable tissue between the two or more electrode arrays when the at least one electrical pulse is applied at the at least one electrode of the electrode arrays.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the implantable device is implanted such that the two or more electrode arrays are implanted longitudinally and the stimulation system is further configured to form a longitudinal electrical current in the excitable tissue between the two or more electrode arrays when the at least one electrical pulse is applied at the at least one electrode of the electrode arrays.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the assistive device comprises at least one stylet, and the method further comprises inserting the at least one stylet into the two or more electrode arrays of the implantable device before implanting the two or more electrode arrays.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the inserting the at least one stylet includes inserting the at least one stylet into one or more lumens in the implantable device.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the one or more lumens are located in the two or more electrode arrays.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the assistive device comprises at least one cannula, and the method further comprises inserting the two or more electrode arrays of the implantable device into the at least one cannula before implanting the two or more electrode arrays.
11. A method to stimulate excitable tissue of a patient, the method comprising: implanting, using an assistive device, two or more electrode arrays of an implantable device of a stimulation system adjacent the excitable tissue of the patient without inserting an implantable battery inside the patient, wherein the two or more electrode arrays each include at least one electrode and are:
spaced apart from each other at two different locations of the excitable tissue,
each configured to apply at least one electrical pulse to the excitable tissue, and
each included in a branch and the branches are distal to a central stem where the branches converge;
withdrawing the assistive device from the patient; and
after implanting the two or more electrode arrays, directing an exterior controller module of the stimulation system to transmit an input signal to the implantable device, the input signal received by one or more antenna of the implantable device such that the implantable device is wirelessly powered and used by the implantable device to create the at least one electrical pulse.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the central stem includes the one or more antenna.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the branches and the central stem are integrally formed.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the input signal is received by the one or more antenna of the implantable device via non-inductive electrical radiative coupling.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the implantable device is implanted such that the two or more electrode arrays are placed bilaterally with regard to the excitable tissue and the stimulation system is further configured to form a lateral or longitudinal electrical current in the excitable tissue between the two or more electrode arrays when the at least one electrical pulse is applied by the electrode arrays.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the implantable device is implanted such that the two or more electrode arrays are implanted longitudinally and the stimulation system is further configured to form a longitudinal electrical current in the excitable tissue between the two or more electrode arrays when the at least one electrical pulse is applied by the electrode arrays.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the assistive device comprises at least one stylet, and the method further comprises inserting the at least one stylet into the two or more electrode arrays of the implantable device before implanting the two or more electrode arrays.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the inserting the at least one stylet includes inserting the at least one stylet into one or more lumens in the implantable device.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the one or more lumens are located in the two or more electrode arrays.
20. The method of claim 11 , wherein the assistive device comprises at least one cannula, and the method further comprises inserting the two or more electrode arrays of the implantable device into the at least one cannula before implanting the two or more electrode arrays.