Industrial lubricant
A lubricating composition for a transmission, gearbox, or clutches including a mixture of compounds providing phosphorus and nitrogen to the fluids effective to achieve good wear, extreme pressure, friction, and copper corrosion.
1. A lubricating composition comprising:
(i) a base oil of lubricating viscosity;
(ii) an amount of phosphorus provided from three phosphorus compounds including
(iia) a first phosphorus compound including an ashless, dialkyl dithiophosphate of Formula I, or a salt thereof:
wherein R 1 and R 2 are, independently, a C3 to C8 linear or branched alkyl group, and R 3 is hydrogen or a methyl group, and wherein the first phosphorus compound provides about 5 to about 75 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition;
(iib) a second phosphorus compound including an amino alkyl phosphonate of Formula II or cyclic derivatives thereof:
wherein R 4 and R 5 are, independently, a C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl group, and R 6 and R 7 are, independently a C1 to C4 hydroxyalkyl group, wherein the second phosphorus compound provides about 10 to about 65 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition; and
(iic) a third phosphorus compound including a hydrocarbyl phosphonate monoester of Formula III:
wherein R 8 is a C 12 to C 30 hydrocarbyl group and R 9 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or an isopropyl group, wherein the third phosphorus compound provides about 5 to about 40 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition; and
wherein the first, the second, and the third phosphorus compounds provide a total of about 30 ppm to about 200 ppm phosphorus to the lubricating composition;
(iii) an amount of nitrogen provided by a nitrogen-containing polyisobutylene succinimide with a number average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene substituent of about 500 to about 2500 g/mol when determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as a standard and providing about 30 ppm to about 105 ppm weight percent of nitrogen to the lubricating composition.
2. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein the first phosphorus compound is 3-[[bis(2-methylpropoxy)phosphinothioyl]thio]-2-methyl-propanoic acid.
3. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein the second phosphorus compound is N,N-bis(2-hydroxylethyl)aminomethyl phosphonic acid diethyl ester.
4. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein the third phosphorus compound is methyl octadecyl phosphonate.
5. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricating composition exhibits a mean wear scar of about 0.5 mm or less pursuant to ASTM D4172 (40 kgf), a load wear index of about 46 or greater pursuant to ASTM D2783, a friction coefficient as measured using a high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) of greater than about 0.128 when using a 400 gram load, 20 Hz, 80° C. for 3 minutes, and a copper corrosion tarnishing rating of 2b or better when evaluated pursuant to ASTM D130 for 3 hours at 100° C.
6. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein about 30 to about 45 weight percent of the total phosphorus is provided by the first phosphorus compound, about 35 to about 40 weight percent of the total phosphorus is provided by the second phosphorus compound, and about 20 to about 30 weight percent of the total phosphorus is provided by the third phosphorus compound.
7. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein greater than 50 weight percent of the phosphorus is provided by the second and third phosphorus compounds combined.
8. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricating composition has a ratio of phosphorus from the three phosphorus compounds to nitrogen from the nitrogen-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimide of about 1:1 to about 2.2:1.
9. The lubricating composition of claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimide includes compounds having a structure of Formula IV:
wherein
R 10 is a polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 1200 g/mol;
R 11 and R 12 are, independently, a divalent C 1 -C 6 alkylene;
each of R 13 and R 14 , independently, is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or together with the N to which they are attached form a 5- or 6-membered ring optionally fused with one or more aromatic or non-aromatic rings; and
n is an integer from 0 to 8.
10. The lubricant composition of claim 9 , wherein R 13 and R 14 together with the N to which they are attached form a succinimide moiety of Formula V
11. A method of lubricating a transmission, gearbox, and/or clutch, the method comprising:
lubricating a transmission, a gearbox, and/or a clutch component with a lubricating composition; and
wherein the lubricating composition includes
(i) a base oil of lubricating viscosity;
(ii) an amount of phosphorus provided from three phosphorus compounds including
(iia) a first phosphorus compound including an ashless, dialkyl dithiophosphate of Formula I, or a salt thereof:
wherein R 1 and R 2 are, independently, a C3 to C8 linear or branched alkyl group, and R 3 is hydrogen or a methyl group, wherein the first phosphorus compound provides about 5 to about 75 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition;
(iib) a second phosphorus compound including an amino alkyl phosphonate of Formula II or cyclic derivatives thereof:
wherein R 4 and R 5 are, independently, a C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl group, and R 6 and R 7 are, independently a C1 to C4 hydroxyalkyl group, wherein the second phosphorus compound provides about 10 to about 65 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition; and
(iic) a third phosphorus compound including a hydrocarbyl phosphonate monoester of Formula III:
wherein R 8 is a C 12 to C 30 hydrocarbyl group and R 9 is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or an isopropyl group, wherein the third phosphorus compound provides about 5 to about 40 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating composition; and
wherein the first, the second, and the third phosphorus compounds provide a total of about 30 ppm to about 200 ppm phosphorus to the lubricating composition;
(iii) an amount of nitrogen provided by a nitrogen-containing polyisobutylene succinimide with a number average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene substituent of about 500 to about 2,500 g/mol when determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as a standard and providing about 30 ppm to about 105 ppm weight percent of nitrogen to the lubricating composition.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first phosphorus compound is 3-[[bis(2-methylpropoxy)phosphinothioyl]thio]-2-methyl-propanoic acid.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second phosphorus compound is N,N-bis(2-hydroxylethyl)aminomethyl phosphonic acid diethyl ester.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the third phosphorus compound is methyl octadecyl phosphonate.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the lubricating composition exhibits a mean wear scar of about 0.5 mm or less pursuant to ASTM D4172 (40 kgf), a load wear index of about 46 or greater pursuant to ASTM D2783, a friction coefficient as measured using a high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) of greater than about 0.128 when using a 400 gram load, 20 Hz, 80° C. for 3 minutes, and a copper corrosion tarnishing rating of 2b or better when evaluated pursuant to ASTM D130 for 3 hours at 100° C.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein about 30 to about 45 weight percent of the total phosphorus is provided by the first phosphorus compound, about 35 to about 40 weight percent of the total phosphorus is provided by the second phosphorus compound, and about 20 to about 30 weight percent of the total phosphorus is provided by the third phosphorus compound.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein greater than 50 weight percent of the phosphorus is provided by the second and third phosphorus compounds combined.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the lubricating composition has a ratio of phosphorus from the three phosphorus compounds to nitrogen from the nitrogen-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimide of about 1:1 to about 2.2:1.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the nitrogen-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimide includes compounds having a structure of Formula IV:
wherein
R 10 is a polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 1200 g/mol;
R 11 and R 12 are, independently, a divalent C 1 -C 6 alkylene;
each of R 13 and R 14 , independently, is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or together with the N to which they are attached form a 5- or 6-membered ring optionally fused with one or more aromatic or non-aromatic rings; and
n is an integer from 0 to 8.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein R13 and R 14 together with the N to which they are attached form a succinimide moiety of Formula V