Self-adaptive flexural wave absorbing system and related method
A system and related method can self-adaptively absorb a flexural wave acting on a beam. The method includes the steps of receiving an input signal representing a frequency response of a flexural wave acting on the beam, determining a spring constant for absorbing the flexural wave based on the input signal, a damping value of a damper acting on the beam, and a mass value of a mass acting on the beam, and applying a spring constant voltage based on the spring constant to a piezoelectric device connected to the beam. The piezoelectric device has a variable spring value that varies based on the voltage applied to the piezoelectric device. The piezoelectric device's variable spring value is approximately equal to the spring constant value when the spring constant voltage is applied to the piezoelectric device.
1. A system comprising:
a controller;
a piezoelectric stack electrically connected to the controller and having a damping value and a variable spring value that varies based on a voltage applied to the piezoelectric stack, the piezoelectric stack configured to be connected to a beam;
a tip mass connected to the piezoelectric stack and having a mass value, wherein the piezoelectric stack is located between the tip mass and a first side of the beam, the tip mass being adjacent to a free end of the beam;
a sensor disposed on a second side of the beam, opposite of the piezoelectric stack and the tip mass; and
a memory in communication with the controller, the memory having instructions that, when executed by the controller, causes the controller to:
determine a spring constant value for absorbing a flexural wave acting on the beam based on an input signal from the sensor, the damping value, and the mass value, and
apply a spring constant voltage to the piezoelectric stack based on the spring constant value, wherein the variable spring value of the piezoelectric stack is approximately equal to the spring constant value when the spring constant voltage is applied to the piezoelectric stack.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a piezoelectric sensor or other type of transducers to measure a mechanical response.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric stack comprises:
a plurality of piezoelectric patches, and
a plurality of damping layers.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of piezoelectric patches are separated from each other by interlacing the plurality of damping layers between each of the plurality of piezoelectric patches.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the beam has a first end that is opposite of the free end, wherein the first end of the beam is attached to a fixed structure, wherein the piezoelectric stack is located at a distance from the free end.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the spring constant value is determined using at least one of: a parameterized formula, a look-up table, an adaptive critic, a reinforcement learning type of control, and a look-up table adaptable by Q-learning.
7. A method comprising:
determining a spring constant for absorbing a flexural wave acting on a beam based on an input signal from a sensor representing a frequency response of the flexural wave; and
applying a spring constant voltage based on the spring constant to a piezoelectric device connected to the beam, the piezoelectric device being located adjacent to a free end of the beam and between a first side of the beam and a tip mass, the piezoelectric device having a variable spring value that varies based on the spring constant voltage, the sensor disposed on a second side of the beam, opposite of the piezoelectric device and tip mass.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the piezoelectric device is at least one of a piezoelectric stack and a piezoelectric patch.