Denatured milk proteins, methods of making, and protein fortified foods
The present disclosure includes denatured whey protein compositions. The compositions include at least 60 wt. % protein on a dry weight basis, less than 8 wt. % native glycomacropeptide (GMP), greater than 2 wt. % enzymatically hydrolyzed GMP relative to the total weight of the protein, a proteolysis index of at least 8 wt. %, and greater than 50 wt. % denatured whey proteins relative to the total weight of the protein.
1. A fortified food and/or beverage product, comprising:
greater than or about 4 wt. % protein, based upon a weight of the fortified food and/or beverage product;
wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product comprises a denatured whey protein composition, the denatured whey protein composition comprises:
at least 70 wt. % protein on a dry weight basis;
greater than 2 wt. % fat, based upon a dry weight basis weight of the denatured whey protein composition;
wherein the denatured whey protein composition is characterized by a particle size distribution value of about 0.3 μm to about 3 μm, wherein greater than or about 50 wt. % of a total protein in the denatured whey protein composition comprises denatured whey protein; and
less than 8 wt. % native glycomacropeptide (GMP) and greater than 2 wt. % enzymatically hydrolyzed GMP relative to a total weight of the protein in the denatured whey protein composition.
2. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 1 , wherein the denatured whey protein composition comprises enzymatically-hydrolyzed cheese whey proteins.
3. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 1 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product is a yoghurt.
4. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 3 , wherein the yoghurt is a spoonable yoghurt.
5. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 3 , wherein the yoghurt is a drinkable yoghurt.
6. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 3 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product has a viscosity of less than or about 500 centipoise.
7. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 4 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product has a viscosity of less than or about 300 centipoise.
8. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 6 , comprising greater than or about 10 wt. % of the protein, based upon a weight of the fortified food and/or beverage product.
9. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 1 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product comprises whole milk, defatted milk, ultrafiltered milk, sweet cream, lactose, water, yogurt cultures, flavorings, or a combination thereof.
10. A fortified food and/or beverage product, comprising
water;
one or more flavorings;
greater than or about 3 wt. % protein, based upon a weight of the fortified food and/or beverage product;
wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product comprises a denatured whey protein composition, the denatured whey protein composition comprises:
at least 70 wt. % protein on a dry weight basis,
greater than 2 wt. % fat, based upon a dry weight basis weight of the denatured whey protein composition,
less than 8 wt. % native glycomacropeptide (GMP) and greater than 2 wt. % enzymatically hydrolyzed GMP relative to a total weight of the protein in the denatured whey protein composition,
wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product comprises a pH of less than 4.6.
11. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 10 , wherein the denatured whey protein composition comprises enzymatically-hydrolyzed cheese whey proteins.
12. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 10 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product is a yoghurt.
13. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 12 , wherein the yoghurt is a drinkable yoghurt.
14. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 12 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product has a viscosity of less than or about 300 centipoise.
15. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 14 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product has a viscosity of less than or about 100 centipoise.
16. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 14 , comprising greater than or about 10 wt. % of the protein, based upon a weight of the fortified food and/or beverage product.
17. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 10 , wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product comprises whole milk, defatted milk, ultrafiltered milk, sweet cream, lactose, water, yogurt cultures, flavorings, or a combination thereof.
18. A fortified food and/or beverage product, comprising:
greater than or about 4 wt. % protein, based upon a weight of the fortified food and/or beverage product;
wherein the fortified food and/or beverage product comprises a denatured whey protein composition, the denatured whey protein composition comprises:
at least 70 wt. % protein on a dry weight basis;
greater than 2 wt. % fat, based upon a dry weight basis weight of the denatured whey protein composition;
wherein the denatured whey protein composition is characterized by a particle size distribution value of about 0.3 μm to about 3 μm, wherein greater than or about 50 wt. % of a total protein in the denatured whey protein composition comprises denatured whey protein; and
less than 1 wt. % native glycomacropeptide (GMP) relative to a total weight of the protein in the denatured whey protein composition.
19. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 18 , wherein the denatured whey protein composition comprises native whey protein isolate, native whey protein concentrate, sweet whey, or a combination thereof.
20. The fortified food and/or beverage product of claim 19 , wherein the native whey protein isolate, native whey protein concentrate, or a combination thereof is not derived from acid whey.