IP Library Granted Patent US 12,391,749
Granted Patent B2
US 12,391,749 · App. 18/173,116 · Granted Aug 19, 2025

Acute treatment and rapid treatment of headache using anti-CGRP antibodies

Inventors: Roger K. Cady (Bothell, WA); Jeffrey T. L. Smith (Dublin, IE); Joseph Hirman (Bothell, WA); Barbara Schaeffler (Bothell, WA); Lahar Mehta (Valby, DK)
Assignee: H. Lundbeck A/S
C07K16/18A61K9/0019A61K31/4172A61K39/3955A61K45/06A61K47/26A61P25/06A61K38/00A61K2039/505A61K2039/545C07K2317/24
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,391,749
App. No.
18/173,116
Granted
Aug 19, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods for rapid treatment of chronic migraine are provided. Exemplary methods provide relief from migraine within 24 hours of administration. Also provided are methods for acute treatment of migraine. Exemplary methods comprise administration of an anti-CGRP antagonist antibody to a patient in need thereof.

Claims (22)

1. A method of treating migraine, comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) antibody to a patient, wherein said administering is by intravenous infusion and begins while the patient has a headache of a migraine attack and within 30 hours of the onset of said headache, and wherein the anti-CGRP antibody comprises: (a) a variable light chain polypeptide comprising the light chain complementarity-determining region (CDR) 1, 2, and 3 polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 224, SEQ ID NO: 226, and SEQ ID NO: 228, respectively; and (b) a variable heavy chain polypeptide comprising the heavy chain CDR 1, 2, and 3 polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 204, SEQ ID NO: 206, and SEQ ID NO: 208, respectively.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said administering begins within 18 hours, within 12 hours, within 6 hours, within 5 hours, within 4 hours, within 3 hours, within 2 hours, or within 1 hour of the onset of said headache.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said administering begins between about 1-6 hours from the start of said migraine attack.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said effective amount is: between about 100 mg and about 300 mg; or is about 100 mg, about 125 mg, about 150 mg, about 175 mg, about 200 mg, about 225 mg, about 250 mg, about 275 mg, or about 300 mg.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein: (a) the variable light chain polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 222; and (b) the variable heavy chain polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody is an IgG molecule.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody comprises: (a) the light chain polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 221; and (b) the heavy chain polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 201 or SEQ ID NO: 566.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody consists of said light and heavy chain polypeptides.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody is expressed in or obtained by expression in: a yeast cell, optionally a Pichia pastoris cell; or a mammalian cell, optionally a CHO cell.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CGRP antibody is administered in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution, optionally 100 ml of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody is an IgG1 molecule.

12. A method of treating migraine, comprising intravenously administering an effective amount of an anti-calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) antibody in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution to a patient, wherein said administering begins while the patient has a headache of a migraine attack and within 30 hours of the onset of said headache, and wherein the anti-CGRP antibody comprises: (a) a variable light chain polypeptide comprising the light chain complementarity-determining region (CDR) 1, 2, and 3 polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 224, SEQ ID NO: 226, and SEQ ID NO: 228, respectively; and (b) a variable heavy chain polypeptide comprising the heavy chain CDR 1, 2, and 3 polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 204, SEQ ID NO: 206, and SEQ ID NO: 208, respectively.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the anti-CGRP antibody is administered in 100 ml of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein said administering begins within 18 hours, within 12 hours, within 6 hours, within 5 hours, within 4 hours, within 3 hours, within 2 hours, or within 1 hour of the onset of said headache.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein said administering begins between about 1-6 hours from the start of said migraine attack.

16. The method of claim 12 , wherein said effective amount is: between about 100 mg and about 300 mg; or is about 100 mg, about 125 mg, about 150 mg, about 175 mg, about 200 mg, about 225 mg, about 250 mg, about 275 mg, or about 300 mg.

17. The method of claim 12 , wherein: (a) the variable light chain polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 222; and (b) the variable heavy chain polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202.

18. The method of claim 12 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody is an IgG molecule.

19. The method of claim 12 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody comprises: (a) the light chain polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 221; and (b) the heavy chain polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 201 or SEQ ID NO: 566.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody consists of said light and heavy chain polypeptides.

21. The method of claim 12 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody is expressed in or obtained by expression in: a yeast cell, optionally a Pichia pastoris cell; or a mammalian cell, optionally a CHO cell.

22. The method of claim 12 , wherein said anti-CGRP antibody is an IgG1 molecule.

Continuity (5)
Division 16736925 · Jan 8, 2020
Provisional Application 62789828 · Jan 8, 2019
Provisional Application 62872989 · Jul 11, 2019
Provisional Application 62842162 · May 2, 2019
Related Publication 20240076359A1 · Mar 7, 2024
References Cited (400)
US 5116964A · Capon et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5266561A · Cooper et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5364841A · Cooper et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5585089A · Queen et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5624821A · Winter et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5648260A · Winter et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5942227A · Cooper et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6180370B1 · Queen et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6313097B1 · Eberlein et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6509014B1 · De Lacharriere et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6521609B1 · Doods et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6737056B1 · Presta · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6956107B2 · Fung et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7279471B2 · Mueller et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7479488B2 · Mueller et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7696209B2 · Mueller et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7700735B2 · Young et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7879991B2 · Vater et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7927863B2 · Cregg et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7935340B2 · Garcia-Martinez et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8007794B2 · Zeller et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8293239B2 · Poulsen et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8298536B2 · Corradini et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8586045B2 · Zeller et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8597649B2 · Zeller et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8623366B2 · Pios et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8734802B1 · Zeller et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9073991B2 · Allan et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9708393B2 · Russo et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9745373B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9855332B2 · Russo et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10066009B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10179809B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10189895B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10208112B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10214582B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10266587B2 · Russo et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10533048B2 · Kovacevich et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 11639380B2 · Cady · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 11639381B2 · Cady · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 20010036647A1 · Choudary et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20020162125A1 · Salmon et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020164707A1 · Adamou et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030027213A1 · Zhu et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030181462A1 · Doods et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030194404A1 · Greenfeder et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040110170A1 · Pisegna et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040132824A1 · Gil et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050234054A1 · Mueller et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060183700A1 · Vater et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060270045A1 · Cregg et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20090023644A1 · Southard et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090028784A1 · Garcia-Martinez et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090220489A1 · Zeller et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100152171A1 · Rudolf et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110054150A1 · Poulsen et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110257371A1 · Poulsen et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110305711A1 · Allan et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120000192A1 · Zeller et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120114741A1 · Aung-Din · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120225075A1 · Pios et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120294797A1 · Kovacevich et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120294802A1 · Russo et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120294822A1 · Russo et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130216535A1 · Zeller et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130295087A1 · Poulsen et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130295088A1 · Poulsen et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20150266948A1 · Bigal et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20170088612A1 · Bigal · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170174754A1 · Kovacevich et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180127490A1 · Bigal et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180142029A1 · Boone et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180161434A1 · Russo et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190211085A1 · Kovacevich et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190240331A1 · Russo et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190367590A1 · Russo et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200010537A1 · Baker et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200216524A1 · Cady et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200216525A1 · Cady et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
AU 2006313434 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
CA 2611433 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
CA 2626120 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
CN 101309704 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
CN 101979650 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
CN 103421114 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
EA 015526 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
EP 0212432 · 1987 [cited by applicant]
EP 1031350 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
EP 1770091 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
EP 1556020 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
EP 1957106 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
JP Hei687890 · 1994 [cited by applicant]
JP 08268874 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
JP 2005523418 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
JP 2007517911 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2009515942 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
JP 2011046710 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
JP 2011513386 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
JP 2011513387 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
JP 5123197 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
JP 2014517699 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
JP 2017515579 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
KR 101250049 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
RU 2329062 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO WO19960004928 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO WO9709046 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO WO9809630 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO WO9811128 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO WO9856779 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO WO0018764 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2001022972 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2003045424 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2003093472 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO WO03104236 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004003019 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004014351 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004050683 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004058184 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004082602 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004082605 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004082678 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004083187 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004087649 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004091514 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004092166 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004092168 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004096122 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004097421 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005009962 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005040395 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005041757 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005070444 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005100360 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2006077212 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007025212 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007048026 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007054800 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007054809 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007061676 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007076336 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007141285 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2008011190 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008144757 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009109908 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009109911 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2010075238 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011024113 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011156324 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012162243 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2015143409 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2015173539 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016171742 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016205037 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017186928 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO 2018055574 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO 2020146527 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
Alstadhaug, Karl B et al. “Preventing and treating medication overuse headache.” Pain reports vol. 2,4 e612. Jul. 26, 2017, doi:10.1097/PR9.0000000000000612. [cited by applicant]
[No Author Attributed] Clinical Trial No. LY2951742, started Mar. 2015, “A Study of LY2951742 in Participants With Episodio Cluster Headache,” from ClinicalTrials.gov [database online], Retrieved from the Internet: <htt… [cited by applicant]
[No Author Attributed] [machine translated from website] “Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint,” as published on the Colgate-Palmolive Company website [online], Retrieved from the Internet: <http://www.colgate.ru/… [cited by applicant]
Androulakis, X Michelle et al. “Central Executive and Default Mode Network Intranet work Functional Connectivity Patterns in Chronic Migraine.” Journal of neurological disorders vol. 6,5 (2018): 393. doi:10.4172/2329-68… [cited by applicant]
Carlsen, Louise Ninett, et al. “Complete detoxification is the most effective treatment of medication-overuse headache: a randomized controlled open-label trial.” Cephalalgia 38.2 (2018): 225-236. [cited by applicant]
Cevoli, Sabina, et al. “Family history for chronic headache and drug overuse as a risk factor for headache chronification.” Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 49.3 (2009): 412-418. [cited by applicant]
Chen, Zhiye, et al. “Altered functional connectivity architecture of the brain in medication overuse headache using resting state fMRI.” The Journal of Headache and Pain 18.1 (2017): 1-9. [cited by applicant]
Ferrari, Anna, et al. “Need for analgesics/drugs of abuse: a comparison between headache patients and addicts by the Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ).” Cephalalgia 26.2 (2006): 187-193. [cited by applicant]
Ferraro, Stefania et al. “In medication overuse headache, fMRI shows long-lasting dysfunction in midbrain areas.” Headache vol. 52,10 (2012): 1520-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012.02276.x. [cited by applicant]
Find, Ninette Louise et al. “Medication overuse headache in Europe and Latin America: general demographic and clinical characteristics, referral pathways and national distribution of painkillers in a descriptive, multin… [cited by applicant]
Fuh, Jong-Ling et al. “Does medication overuse headache represent a behavior of dependence?.” Pain vol. 119,1-3 (2005): 49-55. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.09.034. [cited by applicant]
Fumal, Arnaud, et al. “Orbitofrontal cortex involvement in chronic analgesic-overuse headache evolving from episodic migraine.” Brain 129.2 (2006): 543-550. [cited by applicant]
“Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition.” Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache vol. 38,1 (2018): 1… [cited by applicant]
Grande, Ragnhild Berling, et al. “The Severity of Dependence Scale detects people with medication overuse: the Akershus study of chronic headache.” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 80.7 (2009): 784-789. [cited by applicant]
Lai, Tzu-Hsien, et al. “Gray matter changes related to medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine.” Cephalalgia 36.14 (2016): 1324-1333. [cited by applicant]
Lundqvist, C., et al. “An adapted Severity of Dependence Scale is valid for the detection of medication overuse: the Akershus study of chronic headache.” European Journal of Neurology 18.3 (2011):512-518. [cited by applicant]
Newman-Norlund, Roger D., et al. “Cortical and subcortical changes following sphenopalatine ganglion blocks in chronic migraine with medication overuse headache: a preliminary longitudinal study.” Women's midlife health… [cited by applicant]
Riederer, Franz, et al. “Decrease of gray matter volume in the midbrain is associated with treatment response in medication-overuse headache: possible influence of orbitofrontal cortex.” Journal of Neuroscience 33.39 (2… [cited by applicant]
Riederer, Franz, et al. “Grey matter changes associated with medication-overuse headache: correlations with disease related disability and anxiety.” The world journal of biological psychiatry 13.7 (2012): 517-525. [cited by applicant]
Torta, D. M., et al. “Nucleus accumbens functional connectivity discriminates medication-overuse headache.” Neurolmage: Clinical 11 (2016): 686-693. [cited by applicant]
Lundqvist, Christofer, et al. “The severity of dependence score correlates with medication overuse in persons with secondary chronic headaches. The Akershus study of chronic headache.” PAIN® 148.3 (2010): 487-491. [cited by applicant]
Scuteri et al. “New trends in migraine pharmacology: targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) with monoclonal antibodies.” Frontiers in pharmacology. Apr. 9, 2019;10:363. [cited by applicant]
Winner et al. “Effects of Intravenous Eptinezumab vs Placebo on Headache Pain and Most Bothersome Symptom When Initiated During a Migraine Attack: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” JAMA. Jun. 15, 2021;325(23):2348-56. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby et al. Pathophysiology of Migraine: A Disorder of Sensory Processing. Physiological reviews. Apr;97 (2):553-622, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Messlinger et al. “The Big CGRP Flood-sources, Sinks and Signalling Sites in the Trigeminovascular System.” The Journal of Headache and Pain. Dec. 2018;19(1):1-7. [cited by applicant]
Kumar et al. “Protective role of α-calcitonin gene-related peptide in cardiovascular diseases.” Frontiers in physiology. Jul. 2, 2019;10:821. [cited by applicant]
Van Dongen et al. “Migraine biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid: A systematic review and meta-analysis.” Cephalalgia. Jan. 2017;37(1):49-63. [cited by applicant]
Christensen et al. “Migraine induction with calcitonin gene-related peptide in patients from erenumab trials.” The Journal of Headache and Pain. Dec. 2018;19(1):1-9. [cited by applicant]
Covasala et al. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors in rat trigeminal ganglion do not control spinal trigeminal activity.” Journal of neurophysiology. Jul. 15, 2012;108(2):431-40. [cited by applicant]
Storer et al. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) modulates nociceptive trigeminovascular transmission in the cat.” British journal of pharmacology. Aug. 2004:142(7):1171-81. [cited by applicant]
Burstein et al. “The neurobiology of photophobia.” Journal of neuro-ophthalmology: the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society. Mar. 2019;39(1):94. [cited by applicant]
Wang et al. “Monoclonal antibody exposure in rat and cynomolgus monkey cerebrospinal fluid following systemic administration.” Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. Dec. 2018;15(1):1-0. [cited by applicant]
Kelman L. “Pain characteristics of the acute migraine attack.” Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. Jun. 2006:46(6):942-53. [cited by applicant]
Kopruszinski et al. “Prevention of stress-or nitric oxide donor-induced medication overuse headache by a calcitonin gene-related peptide antibody in rodents.” Cephalalgia. May 2017;37(6):560-70. [cited by applicant]
Iranian Office Action dated Apr. 15, 2022, for Pat. Appl. No. 140050140003002468, filed Jun. 15, 2021 entitled “Treatment of Medication Overuse Headache Using Anticgrp or Anti-CGRP-R Antibodies”. [cited by applicant]
Iranian Office Action dated Feb. 7, 2022, for Pat. Appl. No. 140050140003002305, filed Jun. 9, 2021 entitled “Acute Treatment and Rapid Treatment of Headache Using Anti-CGRP Antibodies.” [cited by applicant]
“Cluster Headache,” Wolff's Headache 1974, p. 348. [cited by applicant]
“Highlights of Prescribing Information” BLA STN 103000/5215—FDA Approved Labeling Text, Botox Package Insert, Oct. 2010, 25 pages. [cited by applicant]
“Teva to Acquire Labrys Biologics, Inc.: Novel Migraine Prophylaxis Treatment Adds Significant New Dimension to Teva's Growing Pain Care Franchise” “Business Wire Jun. 3, 2014.” 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
“TMJ Disorders,” National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH Publication No. 15-3487, Apr. 2015. 20 pages. [cited by applicant]
Abdiche YN, et al. “Probing the binding mechanism and affinity of tanezumab, a recombinant humanized anti-NGF monoclonal antibody, using a repertoire of biosensors,” Protein Sci. Aug. 2008; 17(8):1326-35. [cited by applicant]
Adwanikar H, et al. Spinal CGRP1 receptors contribute to supraspinally organized pain behavior and pain-related sensitization of amygdala neurons. Pain. Nov. 2007;132(1-2):53-66. Epub Mar. 1, 2007. [cited by applicant]
Akerman S, et al. “Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors can antagonize neurogenic and calcitonin gene-related peptide induced dilation of dural meningeal vessels,” Br J Pharmacol. Sep. 2002;137(1):62-8. [cited by applicant]
Akerman, S., et al. “Pearls and pitfalls in experimental in vivo models of migraine: dural trigeminovascular nociception,” Cephalalgia. Jun. 2013;33(8):577-92. [cited by applicant]
Alder Biopharmaceuticals Inc., “Alder Presents Positive ALD403 Clinical Data at European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress,” Press Release, Sep. 15, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Alder Biopharmaceuticals Inc., “Alder Presents Positive Clinical Data for ALD403 at the 17th Congress of the International Headache Society” Press Release, May 15, 2015. (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Alder Biopharmaceuticals Inc., “Alder Reports Phase 2b Trial of ALD403 Meets Primary and Secondary Endpoints Demonstrating Migraine Prevention in Patients with Chronic Migraine,” Press Release, Mar. 28, 2016. (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Alder Biopharmaceuticals Inc., “Alder Reports Positive Top-Line 24-Week Data Demonstrating Persistent Migraine Prevention in Phase 2b Study of ALD403 in Patients with Chronic Migraine” Press Release, Jul. 25, 2016. (3 p… [cited by applicant]
Alder Biopharmaceuticals Inc., “Data From Proof-of-Concept Clinical Trial of ALD403, a Monoclonal Antibody Against CGRP for the Prevention of Migraine, to be Presented at 56th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American H… [cited by applicant]
Almagro JC et al. “Chapter 13 Antibody Engineering: Humanization, Affinity Maturation, and Selection Techniques.” Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies: From Bench to Clinic (Zhiqiang An (Editor)) Oct. 2009: 311-34. [cited by applicant]
Amara SG, et al. “Expression in brain of a messenger RNA encoding a novel neuropeptide homologous to calcitonin gene-related peptide.” Science. Sep. 13, 1985:229(4718):1094-7. [cited by applicant]
Ambalavanar R., et al. “Deep tissue inflammation upregulates neuropeptides and evokes nociceptive behaviors which are modulated by a neuropeptide antagonist.” Pain. Jan. 2006;120(1-2):53-68. Epub Dec. 13, 2005. [cited by applicant]
Amrutkar DV. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) uptake and release in rat dura mater, trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal nucleus caudalis,” PhD thesis, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhage… [cited by applicant]
An Z. “Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies: From Bench to Clinic.” Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009 Chapter 31, 711-62. [cited by applicant]
Andersen DC, et al. “Production technologies for monoclonal antibodies and their fragments,” Carr Opin Biotechnol. Oct. 2004;15(5):456-62. [cited by applicant]
Andrew DP, et al. “Monoclonal antibodies distinguishing alpha and beta forms of calcitonin gene-related peptide.” J Immunol Methods. Nov. 6, 1990;134(1):87-94. [cited by applicant]
Antibody Structure and Function, Chapter 4 of Elgert's Immunology: Understanding the Immune System, pp. 58-78. Wiley 1998. [cited by applicant]
Aoki KR. “Review of a proposed mechanism for the antinociceptive action of botulinum toxin type A,” Neurotoxicology. Oct. 2005;26(5):785-93. [cited by applicant]
Aoki-Nagase T, et al. “Attenuation of antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in CGRP-deficient mice,” Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. Nov. 2002;283(5):L963-70. [cited by applicant]
Armour KL, et al. “Recombinant human IgG molecules lacking Fcgamma receptor I binding and monocyte triggering activities,” Eur J Immunol. Aug. 1999;29(8):2613-24. [cited by applicant]
Arulmani U et al. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide and its role in migraine pathophysiology.” Eur J Pharmacol. Oct. 1, 2004:500(1-3):315-30. [cited by applicant]
Arulmani U, et al. “Experimental migraine models and their relevance in migraine therapy,” Cephalalgia. Jun. 2006;26(6):642-59. [cited by applicant]
Arulmozhi DK, et al., “Migraine: current concepts and emerging therapies.” Vascul Pharmacol. Sep. 2005;43(3):176-87. [cited by applicant]
Asghar, MS, et al. “Evidence for a vascular factor in migraine,” Ann Neurol. Apr. 2011;69(4):635-45. [cited by applicant]
Ashina M, “Vascular changes have a primary role in migraine,” Cephalalgia. Apr. 2012;32(5):428-30. [cited by applicant]
Ashina M, et al. “Evidence for increased plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide in migraine outside of attacks.” Pain. May 2000;86(1-2):133-8. [cited by applicant]
Ashina M, et al. “Pearls and pitfalls in human pharmacological models of migraine: 30 years' experience,” Cephalalgia. Jun. 2013;33(8):540-53. [cited by applicant]
Ashina M, et al. “Plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide in chronic tension-type headache,” Neurology. Nov. 14, 2000;55(9):1335-40. [cited by applicant]
Ashina M. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide in tension-type headache,” ScientificWorldJournal. Jun. 7, 2002;2:1527-31. [cited by applicant]
Aziz Q., “Visceral hypersensitivity: fact or fiction.” Gastroenterology. Aug. 2006;131(2):661-4. [cited by applicant]
Bagdy, G, et al. “Headache-type adverse effects of NO donors: vasodilation and beyond,” Br J Pharmacol. May 2010;160(1):20-35. [cited by applicant]
Balint RF, et al. “Antibody engineering by parsimonious mutagenesis.” Gene. Dec. 27, 1993;137(1):109-18. [cited by applicant]
Barker JN, et al. “Progress in psoriasis. Psoriasis: from gene to clinic. London, UK, Dec. 5-7, 1996,” Mol Med Today. May 1997;3(5):193-4. [cited by applicant]
Batra SK, et al. “Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of genetically engineered antibodies,” Curr Opin Biotechnol. Dec. 2002;13(6):603-8. [cited by applicant]
Baxter LT, et al. “Biodistribution of monoclonal antibodies: scale-up from mouse to human using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model,” Cancer Res. Oct. 15, 1995;55(20):4611-22. [cited by applicant]
Bell RD, et al. “Breaching the blood-brain barrier for drug delivery,” Neuron. Jan. 8, 2014;81(1):1-3. [cited by applicant]
Benarroch EE. “CGRP: sensory neuropeptide with multiple neurologic implications,” Neurology. Jul. 19, 2011;77(3):281-7. [cited by applicant]
Benemei S, et al. “CGRP receptors in the control of pain and inflammation,” Curr Opin Pharmacol. Feb. 2009;9(1):9-14. [cited by applicant]
Benemei S, et al. “Migraine,” Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(194):75-89. [cited by applicant]
Benemei S, et al. “Pain pharmacology in migraine: focus on CGRP and CGRP receptors,” Neurol Sci. May 2007;28 Suppl 2:S89-93. [cited by applicant]
Benincosa LJ, et al. “Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of a Humanized Monoclonal Antibody to Factor IX in Cynomolgus Monkeys,” J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Feb. 2000;292(2):810-6. [cited by applicant]
Bennett AD, et al. “Alleviation of mechanical and thermal allodynia by CGRP(8-37) in a rodent model of chronic central pain.” Pain. May 2000:86(1-2):163-75. [cited by applicant]
Benschop U.S. Appl. No. 60/753,044, filed Dec. 22, 2005. File History, 48 pages. [cited by applicant]
Biacore 3000 Instrument Handbook, Mar. 1999. 201 pages. [cited by applicant]
Bigal and Krymchantowski, “Emerging drugs for migraine prophylaxis and treatment,” Med. Gen. Med. 2006;8(2):31. [cited by applicant]
Bigal M. “Clinical Trials Update—2012: Year in Review—A Comment” Headache. Jun. 2013;53(6):1003-4. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Emerging drugs for migraine prophylaxis and treatment,” MedGenMed. May 4, 2006;8(2):31. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Ergotamine and dihydroergotamine: a review,” Curr Pain Headache Rep. Feb. 2003;7(1):55-62. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Headache prevention outcome and body mass index,” Cephalalgia. Apr. 2006:26(4):445-50. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Migraine in the Triptan Era: Lessons From Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Science,” Headache. Feb. 2009;49 Suppl 1:S21-33. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Migraine in the triptan era: progresses achieved, lessons learned and future developments,” Arq Neuropsiquiatr. Jun. 2009:67(2B):559-69. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Modifiable risk factors for migraine progression,” Headache. Oct. 2006;46(9):1334-43. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Monoclonal Antibodies for Migraine: Preventing Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Activity,” CNS Drugs. May 2014;28(5):389-99. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “New developments in migraine prophylaxis,” Expert Opin Pharmacother. Apr. 2003;4(4):433-43. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “New migraine preventive options: an update with pathophysiological considerations,” Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. Nov.-Dec. 2002;57(6):293-8. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Obesity and migraine: a population study,” Neurology. Feb. 28, 2006;66(4):545-50. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Obesity is a risk factor for transformed migraine but not chronic tension-type headache,” Neurology. Jul. 25, 2006;67(2):252-7. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Prophylactio migraine therapy: emerging treatment options,” Curr Pain Headache Rep. Jun. 2004;8(3):178-84. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Safety and tolerability of LBR-101, a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of CGRP to its receptor: Results of the Phase 1 program,” Cephalalgia. Dec. 23, 2013;34(7):483-492. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of TEV-48125 for preventive treatment of high-frequency episodic migraine: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b study,” Lancet Neurol… [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME, et al. “The preventive treatment of migraine,” Neurologist, Jul. 2006;12(4):204-13. [cited by applicant]
Bigal ME. et al. “The triptans,” Expert Rev Neurother. May 2009:9(5):649-59. [cited by applicant]
Bigal, ME “Glutamate Receptor Antagonists,” Headache Currents, 1:20-21. Jul. 2004. [cited by applicant]
Birder L, et al. “Neural control of the lower urinary tract: peripheral and spinal mechanisms,” Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(1):128-39. [cited by applicant]
Boeckh M, et al. “Phase 1 Evaluation of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Specific Monoclonal Antibody Palivizumab in Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants,” J Infect Dis. Aug. 1, 2001;184(3):350-4. [cited by applicant]
Bolay H, et al. “Intrinsic brain activity triggers trigeminal meningeal afferents in a migrane model,” Nat Med. Feb. 2002;8(2):136-42. [cited by applicant]
Brain SD, et al. “CGRP receptors: a headache to study, but will antagonists prove therapeutic in migraine?” Trends Pharmacol Sci. Feb. 2002;23(2):51-3. [cited by applicant]
Brain SD, et al. “Vascular actions of calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedullin.” Physiol Rev. Jul. 2004;84(3):903-34. [cited by applicant]
Brekke OH, et al. “Therapeutic Antibodies For Human Diseases At The Dawn Of The Twenty-First Century,” Nat Rev Drug Discov. Jan. 2003;2(1):52-62. [cited by applicant]
Brorson K, et al. “Mutational analysis of avidity and fine specificity of anti-levan antibodies.” J Immunol. Dec. 1, 19995;163(12):6694-701. [cited by applicant]
Brüggemann M, et al. “The Immunogenicity Of Chimeric Antibodies,” J Exp Med. Dec. 1, 1989;170(6):2153-7. [cited by applicant]
Brummell DA, et al. “Probing the combining site of an anti-carbohydrate antibody by saturation-mutagenesis: role of the heavy-chain CDR3 residues.” Biochemistry. Feb. 2, 1993;32(4):1180-7. [cited by applicant]
Buckley TL, et al. “The partial inhibition of inflammatory responses induced by capsaicin using the Fab fragment of a selective calcitonin gene-related peptide antiserum in rabbit skin.” Neuroscience. Jun. 1992;48(4):96… [cited by applicant]
Burks EA, “In vitro scanning saturation mutagenesis of an antibody binding pocket.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Jan. 2, 19971;94(2):412-7. [cited by applicant]
Buzzi MG, et al. “The antimigraine drug, sumatriptan (GR43175), selectively blocks neurogenic plasma extravasation from blood vessels in dura mater,” Br J Pharmacol. Jan. 1990;99(1):202-6. [cited by applicant]
Carter PJ. “Potent antibody therapeutics by design,” Nat Rev Immunol. May 2006;6(5):343˜ 57. [cited by applicant]
Casset F, et al. “A peptide mimetic of an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody by rational design.” Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Jul. 1, 20038;307(1):198-205. [cited by applicant]
Castaño A, et al. “Headache in symptomatic intracranial hypertension secondary to leptospirosis: a case report,” Cephalalgia. Apr. 2005;25(4):309-11. [cited by applicant]
Cernuda-Morollón E, et al. “CGRP and VIP levels as predictors of efficacy of Onabotulinumtoxin type A in chronic migraine,” Headache. Jun. 2014;54(6):987-95. [cited by applicant]
Chancellor MB, et al. “Neurophysiology of stress urinary incontinence,” Rev Urol. 2004;6 Suppl 3:619-28. [cited by applicant]
Charbit, A et al. “Dopamine: what's new in migraine?” Curr Opin Neurol. Jun. 2010;23(3):275-81. [cited by applicant]
Charles A, “Migraine is not primarily a vascular disorder,” Cephalalgia. Apr. 2012;32(5):431-2. [cited by applicant]
Chauhan M, et al. “Studies on the effects of the N-terminal domain antibodies of calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 on calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced vasorelaxation in r… [cited by applicant]
Chen JT, et al. “Menopausal flushes and calcitonin-gene-related peptide,” Lancet. Jul. 3, 1993;342(8862):49. [cited by applicant]
Chen Y, et al. “Selection and analysis of an optimized anti-VEGF antibody: crystal structure of an affinity-matured Fab in complex with antigen.” J Mol Biol. Nov. 5, 1999;293(4):865-81. [cited by applicant]
Cheung B et al. “Adrenomedullin: Its Role in the Cardiovascular System,” Semin Vasc Med. May 2004;4(2):129-34. [cited by applicant]
Chowdhury PS, et al. “Tailor-made antibody therapeutics,” Methods. May 2005;36(1):11-24. [cited by applicant]
Chuang YC, et al. “Intraprostatic botulinum toxin a injection inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression and suppresses prostatic pain on capsaicin induced prostatitis model in rat,” J Urol. Aug. 2008;180(2):742-8. [cited by applicant]
Chuang YC, et al. “Urodynamic and immunohistochemical evaluation of intravesical botulinum toxin A delivery using liposomes,” J Urol. Aug. 2009;182(2):786-92. [cited by applicant]
Clanchetti C. “The role of the neurovascular scalp structures in migraine,” Cephalalgia. Jul. 2012;32(10):778-84. [cited by applicant]
Colcher D, et al. “Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of genetically-engineered antibodies,” Q J Nucl Med. Dec. 1998;42(4):225-41. [cited by applicant]
Colman PM. “Effects of amino acid sequence changes on antibody-antigen interactions.” Res Immunol. Jan. 1994;145(1):33-6. [cited by applicant]
Conner AC, et al. “Interaction of calcitonin-gene-related peptide with its receptors.” Biochem Soc Trans. Aug. 2002;30(4):451-5. [cited by applicant]
Conner AC, et al. “Ligand binding and activation of the CGRP receptor,” Biochem Soc Trans. Aug. 2007;35(Pt 4):729-32. [cited by applicant]
Connor K M et al: “Randomized, controlled trial of telcagepant for the acute treatment of migraine.”, Neurology Sep. 22, 2009, vol. 73, No. 12, Sep. 22, 2009 (Sep. 22, 2009), pp. 970-977, XP002732737, ISSN: 1526-632X. [cited by applicant]
Correia IR. “Stability of IgG isotypes in serum,” MAbs. May-Jun. 2010;2(3):221-32. [cited by applicant]
Cottrell GS, et al. “Localization of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) in human gastrointestinal tract,” Peptides. Jun. 2012;35(2):202-11. [cited by applicant]
Covell DG, et al. “Pharmacokinetics of monoclonal immunoglobulin G1, F(ab′)2, and Fab′ in mice.” Cancer Res. Aug. 1986;46(8):3969-78. [cited by applicant]
Cutrer F. “Pathophysiology of Migraine,” Semin Neurol. Apr. 2006;26(2):171-80. [cited by applicant]
Cutrer F. “Pathophysiology of Migraine,” Semin Neurol. Apr. 2010;30(2):120-30. [cited by applicant]
Dakhama A, et al. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide: role in airway homeostasis,” Curr Opin Pharmacol. Jun. 2004;4(3):215-20. [cited by applicant]
Davies J, et al. “Affinity improvement of single antibody VH domains: residues in all three hypervariable regions affect antigen binding.” Immunotechnology. Sep. 1996;2(3):169-79. [cited by applicant]
Davis CD et al. “The Tortuous Road to an Ideal CGRP Function Blocker for the Treatment of Migraine,” Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(16):1468-79. [cited by applicant]
Davietov B, et al. “Beyond BOTOX: advantages and limitations of individual botulinum neurotoxins,” Trends Neurosci. Aug. 2005;28(8):446-52. [cited by applicant]
De Pascalis R, et al. “Grafting of “abbreviated” complementarity-determining regions containing specificity-determining residues essential for ligand contact to engineer a less immunogenic humanized monoclonal antibody.… [cited by applicant]
Delafoy L, et al. “Interactive involvement of brain derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and calcitonin gene related peptide in colonic hypersensitivity in the rat.” Gut. Jul. 2006;55(7):940-5. Epub Jan. 9,… [cited by applicant]
Denekas T, et al. “Inhibition of stimulated meningeal blood flow by a calcitonin gene-related peptide binding mirror-image RNA oligonucleotide,” Br J Pharmacol. Jun. 2006;148(4):536-43. [cited by applicant]
Deng R et al. “Projecting human pharmacokinetics of therapeutic antibodies from nonclinical data,” MAbs. Jan.-Feb. 2011;3(1):61-6. [cited by applicant]
Derosa G, et al. “Optimizing combination treatment in the management of type 2 diabetes,” Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2007;3(5):665-71. [cited by applicant]
Diamond S, et al. “Patterns of diagnosis and acute and preventive treatment for migraine in the United States: results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention study,” Headache. Mar. 2007;47(3):355-63. [cited by applicant]
Diener HC, et al. “Utility of topiramate for the treatment of patients with chronic migraine in the presence or absence of acute medication overuse,” Cephalalgia. Oct. 2009;29(10):1021-7. [cited by applicant]
Dockray et al., “Immunoneutralization studies with calcitonin gene-related peptide,” Ann. NY Acad Sci. 1992;657:258-67. [cited by applicant]
Dodick D, et al. “Cluster Headache: Diagnosis, Management and Treatment,” Wolff's Headache 2001, p. 283. [cited by applicant]
Dodick DW, et al. “Safety and efficacy of ALD403, an antibody to calcitonin gene-related peptide, for the prevention of frequent episodic migraine: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory phase 2 tri… [cited by applicant]
Doggrell S. “Migraine and beyond: cardiovascular therapeutic potential for CGRP modulators,” Expert Opin Investig Drugs. Jun. 2001;10(6):1131-8. [cited by applicant]
Dolgin E. “Antibody drugs set to revive flagging migraine target,” Nat Rev Drug Discov. Apr. 2013;12(4):249-50. [cited by applicant]
Doods H, et al. “Pharmacological profile of BIBN4096BS, the first selective small molecule CGRP antagonist.” Br J Pharmacol. Feb. 2000;129(3):420-3. [cited by applicant]
Doods, H et al. “CGRP antagonists: unravelling the role of CGRP in migraine,” Trends Pharmacol Sci. Nov. 2007;28(11):580-7. [cited by applicant]
Dooley JS, et al. “Antibiotics in the treatment of biliary infection,” Gut. Sep. 1984;25(9):988-98. [cited by applicant]
Drake AW, et al. “Characterizing high-affinity antigen/antibody complexes by kinetic- and equilibrium-based methods,” Anal Biochem. May 1, 2004;328(1):35-43. [cited by applicant]
Dressler and Saberi, “Botulinum toxin: mechanisms of action,” Eur. Neurol, 2005;53:3-9. [cited by applicant]
Dressler D, et al. “Botulinum toxin: mechanisms of action,” Arq Neuropsiquiatr. Mar. 2005;63(1):180-5. [cited by applicant]
Dufner P, et al. “Hamessing phage and ribosome display for antibody optimisation.” Trends Biotechnol. Nov. 2006;24(11):523-9. Epub Sep. 26, 2006. [cited by applicant]
Durham P. “CGRP-receptor antagonists—a fresh approach to migraine therapy?” N Engl J Med. Mar. 11, 2004;350(11):1073-5. [cited by applicant]
Durham Paul L et al: “Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Receptor Antagonists in the Treatment of Migraine”, CNS Drugs, vol. 24, No. 7, 2010, pp. 539-548. [cited by applicant]
Durham PL et al. “New insights into the molecular actions of serotonergic antimigraine drugs,” Pharmacol Ther. Apr.-May 2002;94(1-2):77-92. [cited by applicant]
Durham PL, et al. “Regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide secretion from trigeminal nerve cells by botulinum toxin type A: implications for migraine therapy,” Headache. Jan. 2004;44(1):35-42; discussion 42-3. [cited by applicant]
Durham PL. “Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) and Migraine,” Headache. Jun. 2006;46 Suppl 1:S3˜8. [cited by applicant]
Durham PL. “Inhibition of calcitonin gene-related peptide function: a promising strategy for treating migraine,” Headache. Sep. 2008;48(8):1269-75. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al. “Blockade of CGRP receptors in the intracranial vasculature: a new target in the treatment of headache,” Cephalalgia. Aug. 2004;24(8):611-22. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al. “CGRP Receptor Antagonism and Migraine,” Neurotherapeutics. Apr. 2010:7(2):164-75. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al. “Extracerebral manifestations in migraine. A peptidergic involvement?” J Intern Med. Oct. 1990;228(4):299-304. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al. “Neurobiology in primary headaches,” Brain Res Brain Res Rev. Jun. 2005;48(3):438-56. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al. “Perivascular neuropeptides (NPY, VIP, CGRP and SP) in human brain vessels after subarachnoid haemorrhage,” Acta Neurol Scand. Nov. 1994;90(5):324-30. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al. “The blood-brain barrier in migraine treatment,” Cephalalgia. Dec. 2008;28(12):1245-58. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L et al: “New drugs in migraine treatment and prophylaxis: telcagepant and topiramate”, The Lancet, the Lancet Publishing Group, GB, vol. 376, No. 9741, Aug. 21, 2010 (Aug. 21, 2010), pp. 645-655,. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L, et al. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide and cerebral blood vessels: distribution and vasomotor effects,” J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. Dec. 1987;7(6):720-8. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L, et al. “Inhibitory effect of BIBN4096BS, CGRP(8-37), a CGRP antibody and an RNA-Spiegelmer on CGRP induced vasodilatation in the perfused and non-perfused rat middle cerebral artery.” Br J Pharmacol. Mar. 2… [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L, et al. “Innervation of the human middle meningeal artery; immunohistochemistry, ultrastructure, and role of endothelium for vasomotility,” Peptides. 1998;19(7):1213-25. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L, et al. “Neuropeptides in migraine and cluster headache,” Cephalalgia. Oct. 1994;14(5):320-7. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Aspects on the Pathophysiology of Migraine and Cluster Headache,” Pharmacol Toxicol. Aug. 2001;89(2):65-73. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) and the Pathophysiology of Headache Therapeutic Implications,” CNS Drugs. 2001;15(10):745-53. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Cgrp blockers in migraine therapy: where do they act?” Br J Pharmacol. Dec. 2008:155(7):967-9. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “CGRP-receptor antagonism in migraine treatment.” Lancet. Dec. 20, 2008:372(9656):2089-90. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Clinical Data on the CGRP Antagonist BIBN4096BS for Treatment of Migraine Attacks,” CNS Drug Rev. 2005 Spring;11(1):69-76. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Innervation and effects of dilatory neuropeptides on cerebral vessels. New aspects,” Blood Vessels. 1991;28(1-3):35-45. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Neuronal Signal Substances as Biomarkers of Migraine,” Headache. Jul.-Aug. 2006;46(7):1088-94. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “New therapeutic target in primary headaches—blocking the CGRP receptor,” Expert Opin Ther Targets. Jun. 2003;7(3):377-83. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L. “Novel migraine therapy with calcitonin gene-regulated peptide receptor antagonists,” Expert Opin Ther Targets. Sep. 2007:11(9):1179-88. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson L: “CGRP blockers in migraine therapy: where do they act?”, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 155, No. 7, Dec. 2008 (Dec. 2008), pp. 967-969. [cited by applicant]
Edvinsson Lars: “CGRP-receptor antagonism in migraine treatment.”, LANCET Dec. 20, 2008, vol. 372, No. 9656, Dec. 20, 2008 (Dec. 20, 2008), pp. 2089-2090. [cited by applicant]
Eftekhari S et al. “Differentiation of Nerve Fibers Storing CGRP and CGRP Receptors in the Peripheral Trigeminovascular System,” J Pain. Nov. 2013;14(11):1289-303. [cited by applicant]
Elshourbagy NA, et al. “Molecular cloning and characterization of the porcine calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor.” Endocrinology. Apr. 1998;139(4):1678-83. [cited by applicant]
Emerick GT. “Migraines in the Presence of Glaucoma, Recent advances in diagnosis and management,” Glaucoma Today, Sep./Oct. 2008, 21-23. [cited by applicant]
Escott et al., “Effect of a calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist (CGRP8-37) on skin vasodilatation and oedema induced by stimulation of the rat saphenous nerve,” Br. J. Pharmacol. 1993;110:772-6. [cited by applicant]
Escott KJ, et al. “Trigeminal ganglion stimulation increases facial skin blood flow in the rat: a major role for calcitonin gene-related peptide.” Brain Res. Jan. 9, 1995,669(1):93-9. [cited by applicant]
Esfandyari T. “The Role Of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) In Colonic Inflammation, And Secretion In The Rat Distal Colon,” Thesis, University of Calagary, Department of Neuroscience and Gastrointestinal Sciences… [cited by applicant]
Evans BN, et al. “CGRP-RCP, a novel protein required for signal transduction at calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedullin receptors,” J Biol Chem. Oct. 6, 2000;275(40):31438-43. [cited by applicant]
Evans RW, et al. “Target doses and titration schedules for migraine preventive medications,” Headache. Jan. 2006;46(1):160-4. [cited by applicant]
Evans RW. “Exploding head syndrome followed by sleep paralysis: a rare migraine aura,” Headache. Apr. 2006:46(4):682-3. [cited by applicant]
Everitt DE et al. “The Pharmacokinetics, Antigenicity, and Fusion-Inhibition Activity of RSHZ19, a Humanized Monoclonal Antibody to Respiratory Syncytial Virus, in Healthy Volunteers,” J Infect Dis. Sep. 1996;174(3):463… [cited by applicant]
Faraci FM, et al. “Vascular responses of dura mater,” Am J Physiol. Jul. 1989;257(1 Pt 2):H157-61. [cited by applicant]
Farinelli, I et al. “Future drugs for migraine,” Intern Emerg Med. Oct. 2009;4(5):367-73. [cited by applicant]
Feuerstein G et al. “Clinical perspectives of calcitonin gene related peptide pharmacology,” Can J Physiol Pharmacol. Jul. 1995;73(7):1070-4. [cited by applicant]
File History U.S. Appl. No. 60/736,623, filed Nov. 14, 2005, Zeller, et al. Antagonist Antibodies Directed Against Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Methods Using Same. 110 pages. [cited by applicant]
Fischer MJ et al. “The Nonpeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonist BIBN4096BS Lowers the Activity of Neurons with Meningeal Input in the Rat Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus,” J Neurosci. Jun. 22, 2005;25(25… [cited by applicant]
Fischer MJ. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists for migraine,” Expert Opin Investig Drugs. Jul. 2010;19(7):815-23. [cited by applicant]
Forssman B, et al. “Atenolol for migraine prophylaxis,” Headache, Jul. 1983;23(4):188-90. [cited by applicant]
Forster ER, et al. “The role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in gastric mucosal protection in the rat,” Exp Physiol. Jul. 1991;76(4):623-6. [cited by applicant]
Friend PJ, et al. “Phase I study of an engineered aglycosylated humanized CD3 antibody in renal transplant rejection,” Transplantation. Dec. 15, 1999;68(11):1632-7. [cited by applicant]
Frobert Y, et al. “A sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): characterization and application.” Peptides. 1999;20(2):275-84. [cited by applicant]
Galitsky BA, et al. “Predicting amino acid sequences of the antibody human VH chains from its first several residues,” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Apr. 28, 1998;95(9):5193-8. [cited by applicant]
Gallai V, et al. “Vasoactive peptide levels in the plasma of young migraine patients with and without aura assessed both interictally and ictally.” Cephalalgia. Oct. 1995;15(5):384-90. [cited by applicant]
Gangula PR, et al. “Increased blood pressure in alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide/calcitonin gene knockout mice,” Hypertension. Jan. 2000;35(1 Pt 2):470-5. [cited by applicant]
Gearing D, et al. “A fully caninised anti-NGF monoclonal antibody for pain relief in dogs,” BMC Vet Res. Nov. 9, 2013;9:226. [cited by applicant]
Geppetti P et al. “Antidromic vasodilatation and the migraine mechanism,” J Headache Pain. Mar. 2012;13(2):103-11. [cited by applicant]
Geppetti P et al., “CGRP and migraine: neurogenic inflammation revisited,” J Headache Pain. Apr. 2005;6(2):61-70. [cited by applicant]
Geppetti P et al. “Novel therapeutic targets,” Neurol Sci. May 2006;27 Suppl 2;S111-4. [cited by applicant]
Giamberardino MA, et al. “Emerging drugs for migraine treatment,” Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. Mar. 2015;20(1):137-47. [cited by applicant]
Gillies S et al. “Improving the efficacy of antibody-interleukin 2 fusion proteins by reducing their interaction with Fc receptors,” Cancer Res. May 1, 1999:59(9):2159-66. [cited by applicant]
Giniatullin R et al. “Molecular Mechanisms of Sensitization of Pain-transducing P2X3 Receptors by the Migraine Mediators CGRP and NGF,” Mol Neurobiol, Feb. 2008;37(1):83-90. [cited by applicant]
Glennie MJ, et al. “Clinical trials of antibody therapy,” Immunol Today. Aug. 2000:21(8):403-10. [cited by applicant]
Glover V, et al. “Can the vascular and neurogenic theories of migraine finally be reconciled?” Trends Pharmacol Sci. Jan. 1989;10(1):1-3. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ et al. “Release of vasoactive peptides in the extracerebral circulation of humans and the cat during activation of the trigeminovascular system,” Ann Neurol. Feb. 1988;23(2):193-6. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ, et al. “Migraine—current understanding and treatment.” N Engl J Med. Jan. 24, 2002;346(4):257-70. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ, et al. “Vasoactive peptide release in the extracerebral circulation of humans during migraine headache.” Ann Neurol. Aug. 1990;28(2):183-7. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “Advances in the understanding of headache,” Br Med Bull. Oct. 5, 2005;73-74:83-92. Print 2005. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “Calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists as treatments of migraine and other primary headaches,” Drugs. 2005;65(18):2557-67. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “Can we develop neurally acting drugs for the treatment of migraine?” Nat Rev Drug Discov. Sep. 2005;4(9):741-50. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “Headache: a good year for research,” Lancet Neurol. Jan. 2006;5(1):5-6. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “Migraine Pathophysiology,” Headache. Apr. 2005;45 Suppl 1:S14-24. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “New targets in the acute treatment of headache,” Curr Opin Neurol. Jun. 2005;18(3):283-8. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby PJ. “The vascular theory of migraine—a great story wrecked by the facts,” Brain. Jan. 2009;132(Pt 1):6-7. [cited by applicant]
Goadsby, PJ, et al. “Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ALD403, an anti-CGRP antibody in the prevention of frequent episodio migraine.” 56th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Headache Society,… [cited by applicant]
Gómez-Foíx AM, et al., “Anti-insulin effects of amylin and calcitonin-gene-related peptide on hepatic glycogen metabolism,” Biochem J. Jun. 15, 1991;276 ( Pt 3):607-10. [cited by applicant]
Green LL, et al. “Antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies from mice engineered with human Ig heavy and light chain YACs,” Nat Genet. May 1994;7(1):13-21. [cited by applicant]
Grunenberger F. “[Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): a vasodilator neuropeptide with many potential applications]” Pathol Biol (Paris). Dec. 1993;41(10):936-42. [cited by applicant]
Gupta S et al. “Evidence for CGRP re-uptake in rat dura mater encephali,” Br J Pharmacol. Dec. 2010;161(8):1885-98. [cited by applicant]
Gupta S et al. “Intravital microscopy on a closed cranial window in mice: a model to study trigeminovascular mechanisms involved in migraine,” Cephalalgia. Nov. 2006;26(11):1294-303. [cited by applicant]
Gupta S et al. “Potential role of female sex hormones in the pathophysiology of migraine,” Pharmacol Ther. Feb. 2007;113(2):321-40. [cited by applicant]
Gupta S et al. “The relevance of preclinical research models for the development of antimigraine drugs: focus on 5-HT(1B/1D) and CGRP receptors,” Pharmacol Ther. Oct. 2010;128(1):170-90. [cited by applicant]
Hakala JM, et al. “Modelling constrained calcitonin gene-related peptide analogues.” Protein Eng. Feb. 1996;9(2):143-8. [cited by applicant]
Halimi S, et al. “Combination treatment in the management of type 2 diabetes: focus on vildagliptin and metformin as a single tablet,” Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008;4(3):481-92. [cited by applicant]
Hanes J et al. “Picomolar affinity antibodies from a fully synthetic naive library selected and evolved by ribosome display,” Nat Biotechnol. Dec. 2000;18(12):1287-92. [cited by applicant]