Smart battery device and fast charging method thereof
A battery device with a C-rate of 1C includes a battery cell, a protection chip, and a microcontroller. The protection chip is electrically connected to the battery cell, determines whether to activate the protection mechanism of the battery device according to the state of the battery cell. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the protection chip, detects the RSOC of the battery cell. When an external power supply is electrically coupled to the battery device, and the RSOC of the battery cell is lower than 50%, the microcontroller controls the battery cell to perform a fast charging not over 10 minutes. During the 10 minutes of fast charging, the protection chip activates the protection mechanism, or the microcontroller detects that the battery cell has changed from a CC state to a CV state, the microcontroller stops the fast charging and restores the C-rate of the battery cell to 1C.
1. A battery device with a C-rate of 1C for charging, comprising:
a battery cell;
a protection chip, electrically connected to the battery cell, configured to determine whether to activate a protection mechanism of the battery device according to a state of the battery cell; and
a microcontroller, electrically connected to the protection chip, configured to detect Relative State-Of-Charge (RSOC) of the battery cell;
wherein when an external power supply is electrically coupled to the battery device, and the RSOC of the battery cell is lower than 50%, the microcontroller controls the battery cell to perform a fast charging not over 10 minutes; the fast charging is for the microcontroller to control the battery cell to charge at a C-rate of 1.7C to 1.8C;
wherein during the 10 minutes of fast charging, the protection chip activates the protection mechanism, or the microcontroller detects that the battery cell has changed from a constant current (CC) state to a constant voltage (CV) state, and the microcontroller stops the fast charging and restores the C-rate of the battery cell to 1C at the same time.
2. The battery device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the protection mechanism comprises an over-voltage protection (OVP), an over-current protection (OCP), an over-temperature protection (OTP), an under-voltage protection (UVP), an under-temperature protection (UTP), a reverse voltage protection, and a short circuit protection.
3. The battery device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the RSOC of the battery cell when the battery cell changes from the CC state to the CV state is 60% to 70%.
4. The battery device as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising:
a charging switch, electrically coupled to the positive electrode of the battery cell;
wherein when the battery cell is being charged and the protection chip activates the OVP, the OCP, and the OTP of the protection mechanism, the protection chip turns off the charging switch.
5. The battery device as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising:
a discharging switch, electrically connected between the charging switch and the positive electrode of the battery cell;
wherein when the battery cell is being charged and the protection chip activates the OCP, the OTP, the UVP, the UTP, the reverse voltage protection, and the short circuit protection of the protection mechanism, the protection chip turns off the discharging switch.
6. The battery device as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising:
a protection device, electrically connected between the positive electrode of the battery cell and the charging switch;
wherein when the protection chip activates the protection mechanism, but cannot turn off the charging switch or the discharging switch, the microcontroller directly disconnects the protection device.
7. A fast charging method, applied to a battery device with a C-rate of 1C for charging, comprising:
detecting that an external power supply is electrically coupled to the battery device;
controlling the battery device to charge at a C-rate of 1C;
detecting that the Relative State-Of-Charge (RSOC) of the battery device is lower than 50%;
controlling the battery device to perform a fast charging not over 10 minutes; wherein the fast charging is to control the battery device to charge at a C-rate of 1.7C to 1.8C;
stopping the fast charging when a protection mechanism is activated during the fast charging;
stopping the fast charging when detecting that the battery device has changed from a constant current (CC) state to a constant voltage (CV) state; and
stopping the fast charging when the fast charging has been performed for 10 minutes.
8. The fast charging method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the protection mechanism comprises an over-voltage protection (OVP), an over-current protection (OCP), an over-temperature protection (OTP), an under-voltage protection (UVP), an under-temperature protection (UTP), a reverse voltage protection, and a short circuit protection.
9. The fast charging method as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising:
controlling the battery device to discharge when detecting that the external power supply is not electrically coupled to the battery device;
not performing the fast charging and continuing to control the battery device to charge at a C-rate of 1C when detecting that the RSOC of the battery device is higher than or equal to 50%; and
restoring a C-rate of 1C to charge the battery device after stopping the fast charging.
10. The fast charging method as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising:
outputting a first signal to a charging switch included in the battery device when the battery device is charging and the OVP, the OCP, and the OTP of the protection mechanism have been activated, so that the charging switch is turned off;
outputting a second signal to a discharging switch included in the battery device when the battery device is charging and the OCP, the OTP, the UVP, the UTP, the reverse voltage protection, and the short circuit protection have been activated, so that the discharging switch is turned off; and
outputting a third signal to a protection device when the protection mechanism has been activated but the charging switch or the discharging switch cannot be turned off, so that the protection device is electrically disconnected.