Determining resistance in an electric circuit
Disclosed herein are methods for determining resistance in an electric circuit, including the steps of: applying a voltage pulse to a test point of said electric circuit, said voltage pulse having a predetermined pulse duration; measuring an electric observable at a response point of said electric circuit during at least a part of said pulse duration; estimating during said pulse duration an expectation value from said measured observable; and determining said resistance from said expectation value. Also disclosed herein are devices for determining resistance in an electric circuit.
1. A method of determining a resistance in an electric circuit, the method comprising:
applying a voltage pulse to a test point of said electric circuit using pulse injection, said voltage pulse having a predetermined pulse duration;
measuring an electric observable at a response point of said electric circuit during at least a part of said pulse duration;
estimating during said pulse duration an expectation value from said measured electric observable by fitting measured values of the measured electrical observable to a predetermined model; and
determining said resistance from said expectation value,
wherein:
the electric observable is voltage and current; and
the predetermined model is an exponential model.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the voltage pulse is applied at the test point on one side of said resistance to be determined and the electric observable is measured at a response point on the other side of said resistance to be determined.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the voltage pulse is applied at the test point on one side of said resistance to be determined and the electric observable is measured at the response point on the other side of said resistance to be determined, and the method further comprises:
measuring a reference electric observable at a reference response point on the one side of said resistance to be determined.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electric observable is measured at a response point being the same as the test point at which the voltage pulse is applied.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said pulse duration is shorter than a time span during which said observable approaches, within a predetermined tolerance, said expectation value.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the resistance is an insulation resistance.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electric circuit is any one of an unearthed electric circuit, a vehicle-side battery circuit, an electric circuit in a high-voltage system, an electric circuit comprising a Y-capacitor or an electric circuit during charging.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the applying of the voltage pulse comprises superimposing a voltage pulse.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the superimposed voltage pulse is an alternating voltage pulse.
10. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
determining whether a fault has occurred based on the determined resistance, wherein the fault is any one of a short circuit, a resistance exceeding a predetermined threshold or an insulation breakage.
11. A device for determining a resistance in an electric circuit, wherein the device is configured to:
apply a voltage pulse to a test point of said electric circuit using pulse injection, said voltage pulse having a predetermined pulse duration;
measure an electric observable at a response point of said electric circuit during at least a part of said pulse duration;
estimate during said pulse duration an expectation value from said measured observable by fitting measured values of the measured electric observable to a predetermined model; and
determine said resistance from said expectation value,
wherein:
the electric observable is voltage and current; and
the predetermined model is an exponential model.