IP Library Granted Patent US 12,450,811
Granted Patent B2
US 12,450,811 · App. 18/737,710 · Granted Oct 21, 2025

Emoji recording and sending

Inventors: Guillaume Pierre André Barlier (Sunnyvale, CA); Sebastian Bauer (Santa Monica, CA); Jeffrey T. Bernstein (San Francisco, CA); Alan C. Dye (San Francisco, CA); Aurelio Guzman (San Jose, CA); Amir Hoffnung (Tel Aviv, IL); Joseph A. Malia (Isle of Wight, GB); Nicolas Scapel (London, GB); Christopher I. Wilson (San Francisco, CA); Giancarlo Yerkes (San Francisco, CA)
Assignee: Apple Inc.
G06T13/40G06F3/012G06F3/0484G06F3/04842G06V40/166G06V40/176H04M1/72436G06F3/04886G06V40/161H04L51/04H04M1/72439H04M2250/52H04N23/611H04N23/63
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,450,811
App. No.
18/737,710
Granted
Oct 21, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to generating and modifying virtual avatars. An electronic device having a camera and a display apparatus displays a virtual avatar that changes appearance in response to changes in a face in a field of view of the camera. In response to detecting changes in one or more physical features of the face in the field of view of the camera, the electronic device modifies one or more features of the virtual avatar.

Claims (83)

1. A method comprising:

at an electronic device having one or more cameras and a display apparatus:

displaying, via the display apparatus, a representation of a virtual avatar, wherein the representation of the virtual avatar includes a virtual avatar that is reactive to changes in one or more physical features of a face of a user within a field of view of the one or more cameras;

while displaying the representation of the virtual avatar, detecting a first configuration of one or more physical features of the user, wherein the one or more physical features of the user includes the face of the user;

while detecting the first configuration of one or more physical features of the user:

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies first animation criteria, the first animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration includes a first pose that is maintained for at least a first threshold amount of time in order for the first animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a first animated effect;

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features does not satisfy the first animation criteria, forgoing modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect;

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies second animation criteria that is different from the first animation criteria, the second animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration includes a second pose that is different from the first pose and is maintained for at least a second threshold amount of time in order for the second animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a second animated effect that is different from the first animated effect; and

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features does not satisfy the second animation criteria, forgoing modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the second animated effect;

detecting a change in a first physical feature of the face; and

in response to detecting the change in the first physical feature of the face, modifying a first avatar feature based on the change in the first physical feature of the face while displaying the first animated effect or the second animated effect.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the representation of the virtual avatar includes one or more avatar features, the method further comprising:

in response to detecting the first configuration of one or more physical features of the user, modifying at least one of the one or more avatar features based on the first configuration of the one or more physical features of the user.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first animated effect includes visually introducing one or more virtual objects that are distinct from the displayed virtual avatar.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the first configuration of one or more physical features includes the first pose when the first configuration of one or more physical features includes a first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user from a set of predetermined relative spatial positionings of two or more of the physical features of the user, and wherein the one or more virtual objects are determined based on the first predetermined relative spatial positioning.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a pucker expression formed by at least a puckering of upper and lower lips of the face of the user and a closed jaw of the face, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more hearts.

6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a sad expression formed by at least a first corner and second corner of a mouth of the user being lower than a middle portion of the mouth, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more tears.

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a frown expression formed by at least two eyebrows of the face of the user having a lowered position, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more storm clouds.

8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a glower expression formed by at least a narrowing of two eyes of the face of the user, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more laser beams.

9. The method of claim 3 , wherein modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect further includes displaying an animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar includes displaying animated movement of the one or more virtual objects from an origination location to a destination location, wherein, for each of the one or more virtual objects, the destination location is assigned a position relative to the virtual avatar based on a distribution function.

11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar includes movement having a direction based on a displayed orientation of the virtual avatar.

12. The method of claim 3 , wherein the one or more virtual objects are a plurality of virtual objects emitted at time intervals selected based on a distribution function.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the virtual avatar corresponds to a first virtual avatar template of a plurality of virtual avatar templates, and wherein a visual characteristic of the first animated effect is based on the first virtual avatar template.

14. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising:

after modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect:

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies additional animation criteria, the additional animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration is maintained for at least a third threshold amount of time after modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first or second animated effect in order for the additional animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a third animated effect.

15. An electronic device, comprising:

one or more cameras;

a display apparatus;

one or more processors; and

memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:

displaying, via the display apparatus, a representation of a virtual avatar, wherein the representation of the virtual avatar includes a virtual avatar that is reactive to changes in one or more physical features of a face of a user within a field of view of the one or more cameras;

while displaying the representation of the virtual avatar, detecting a first configuration of one or more physical features of the user, wherein the one or more physical features of the user includes the face of the user;

while detecting the first configuration of one or more physical features of the user:

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies first animation criteria, the first animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration includes a first pose that is maintained for at least a first threshold amount of time in order for the first animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a first animated effect;

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features does not satisfy the first animation criteria, forgoing modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect;

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies second animation criteria that is different from the first animation criteria, the second animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration includes a second pose that is different from the first pose and is maintained for at least a second threshold amount of time in order for the second animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a second animated effect that is different from the first animated effect; and

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features does not satisfy the second animation criteria, forgoing modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the second animated effect;

detecting a change in a first physical feature of the face; and

in response to detecting the change in the first physical feature of the face, modifying a first avatar feature based on the change in the first physical feature of the face while displaying the first animated effect or the second animated effect.

16. The electronic device of claim 15 , wherein the representation of the virtual avatar includes one or more avatar features, the one or more programs further including instructions for:

in response to detecting the first configuration of one or more physical features of the user, modifying at least one of the one or more avatar features based on the first configuration of the one or more physical features of the user.

17. The electronic device of claim 15 , wherein the first animated effect includes visually introducing one or more virtual objects that are distinct from the displayed virtual avatar.

18. The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the first configuration of one or more physical features includes the first pose when the first configuration of one or more physical features includes a first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user from a set of predetermined relative spatial positionings of two or more of the physical features of the user, and wherein the one or more virtual objects are determined based on the first predetermined relative spatial positioning.

19. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a pucker expression formed by at least a puckering of upper and lower lips of the face of the user and a closed jaw of the face, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more hearts.

20. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a sad expression formed by at least a first corner and second corner of a mouth of the user being lower than a middle portion of the mouth, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more tears.

21. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a frown expression formed by at least two eyebrows of the face of the user having a lowered position, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more storm clouds.

22. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a glower expression formed by at least a narrowing of two eyes of the face of the user, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more laser beams.

23. The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect further includes displaying an animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar.

24. The electronic device of claim 23 , wherein animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar includes displaying animated movement of the one or more virtual objects from an origination location to a destination location, wherein, for each of the one or more virtual objects, the destination location is assigned a position relative to the virtual avatar based on a distribution function.

25. The electronic device of claim 23 , wherein the animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar includes movement having a direction based on a displayed orientation of the virtual avatar.

26. The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the one or more virtual objects are a plurality of virtual objects emitted at time intervals selected based on a distribution function.

27. The electronic device of claim 15 , wherein the virtual avatar corresponds to a first virtual avatar template of a plurality of virtual avatar templates, and wherein a visual characteristic of the first animated effect is based on the first virtual avatar template.

28. The electronic device of claim 15 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:

after modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect:

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies additional animation criteria, the additional animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration is maintained for at least a third threshold amount of time after modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first or second animated effect in order for the additional animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a third animated effect.

29. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device having one or more cameras and a display apparatus, the one or more programs including instructions for:

displaying, via the display apparatus, a representation of a virtual avatar, wherein the representation of the virtual avatar includes a virtual avatar that is reactive to changes in one or more physical features of a face of a user within a field of view of the one or more cameras;

while displaying the representation of the virtual avatar, detecting a first configuration of one or more physical features of the user, wherein the one or more physical features of the user includes the face of the user;

while detecting the first configuration of one or more physical features of the user:

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies first animation criteria, the first animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration includes a first pose that is maintained for at least a first threshold amount of time in order for the first animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a first animated effect;

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features does not satisfy the first animation criteria, forgoing modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect;

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies second animation criteria that is different from the first animation criteria, the second animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration includes a second pose that is different from the first pose and is maintained for at least a second threshold amount of time in order for the second animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a second animated effect that is different from the first animated effect; and

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features does not satisfy the second animation criteria, forgoing modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the second animated effect;

detecting a change in a first physical feature of the face; and

in response to detecting the change in the first physical feature of the face, modifying a first avatar feature based on the change in the first physical feature of the face while displaying the first animated effect or the second animated effect.

30. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 29 , wherein the representation of the virtual avatar includes one or more avatar features, the one or more programs further including instructions for:

in response to detecting the first configuration of one or more physical features of the user, modifying at least one of the one or more avatar features based on the first configuration of the one or more physical features of the user.

31. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 29 , wherein the first animated effect includes visually introducing one or more virtual objects that are distinct from the displayed virtual avatar.

32. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 31 , wherein the first configuration of one or more physical features includes the first pose when the first configuration of one or more physical features includes a first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user from a set of predetermined relative spatial positionings of two or more of the physical features of the user, and wherein the one or more virtual objects are determined based on the first predetermined relative spatial positioning.

33. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 32 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a pucker expression formed by at least a puckering of upper and lower lips of the face of the user and a closed jaw of the face, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more hearts.

34. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 32 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a sad expression formed by at least a first corner and second corner of a mouth of the user being lower than a middle portion of the mouth, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more tears.

35. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 32 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a frown expression formed by at least two eyebrows of the face of the user having a lowered position, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more storm clouds.

36. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 32 , wherein the first predetermined relative spatial positioning of two or more of the physical features of the user correspond to a glower expression formed by at least a narrowing of two eyes of the face of the user, and wherein the one or more virtual objects include one or more laser beams.

37. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 31 , wherein modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect further includes displaying an animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar.

38. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 37 , wherein animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar includes displaying animated movement of the one or more virtual objects from an origination location to a destination location, wherein, for each of the one or more virtual objects, the destination location is assigned a position relative to the virtual avatar based on a distribution function.

39. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 37 , wherein the animation of the one or more virtual objects moving relative to the virtual avatar includes movement having a direction based on a displayed orientation of the virtual avatar.

40. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 31 , wherein the one or more virtual objects are a plurality of virtual objects emitted at time intervals selected based on a distribution function.

41. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 29 , wherein the virtual avatar corresponds to a first virtual avatar template of a plurality of virtual avatar templates, and wherein a visual characteristic of the first animated effect is based on the first virtual avatar template.

42. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 29 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:

after modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first animated effect:

in accordance with a determination that the first configuration of one or more physical features satisfies additional animation criteria, the additional animation criteria including a requirement that the first configuration is maintained for at least a third threshold amount of time after modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include the first or second animated effect in order for the additional animation criteria to be met, modifying the representation of the virtual avatar to include a third animated effect.

Continuity (10)
Continuation 18071434 · Nov 29, 2022
Continuation 17220752 · Apr 1, 2021
Continuation 16896457 · Jun 9, 2020
Continuation 16676087 · Nov 6, 2019
Continuation 15981754 · May 16, 2018
Provisional Application 62671979 · May 15, 2018
Provisional Application 62557121 · Sep 11, 2017
Provisional Application 62556412 · Sep 9, 2017
Provisional Application 62507177 · May 16, 2017
Related Publication 20240331256A1 · Oct 3, 2024
References Cited (400)
US 5559947A · Wugofski · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5995119A · Cosatto et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6088040A · Oda et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6173402B1 · Chapman · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6323846B1 · Westerman et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6545682B1 · Ventrella et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6570557B1 · Westerman et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6919892B1 · Cheiky et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7027054B1 · Cheiky et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7046838B1 · Sakagawa et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7180524B1 · Axelrod · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7227976B1 · Jung et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7657849B2 · Chaudhri et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7908554B1 · Blattner · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8130219B2 · Fleury et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8131848B1 · Denise · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8169438B1 · Baraff et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8254647B1 · Nechyba et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8488040B2 · Chen et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8601379B2 · Marks et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8867849B1 · Kirkham et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8949618B1 · Lee et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8988490B2 · Fujii · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9035999B2 · Carpenter et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9083844B2 · Tamiya et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9104908B1 · Rogers et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9170645B2 · Park et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9253223B1 · Cushing et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9269196B1 · Fan et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9298257B2 · Hwang et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9331970B2 · Yuen et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9445048B1 · Nariyawala et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9451210B1 · Smus · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9576400B2 · Van Os et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9639974B2 · Smith et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9747716B1 · Mallet et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9786084B1 · Bhat et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9913246B1 · Carey et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9949697B2 · Iscoe et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10155168B2 · Blackstock et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10169897B1 · Geiger et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10171985B1 · Czajka et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10237276B2 · Gupta · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10262327B1 · Hardebeck et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10270983B1 · Van Os et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10325416B1 · Scapel et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10325417B1 · Scapel et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10376153B2 · Tzvieli et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10397391B1 · Czajka et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10410434B1 · Scapel et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10580221B2 · Scapel et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10607065B2 · Milman et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10607419B2 · Van Os et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10628985B2 · Mishra et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10659405B1 · Chang et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10708545B2 · Rivard et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10789753B2 · Miller et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10796480B2 · Chen et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10810409B2 · Bacivarov et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10931813B1 · Kim et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11055889B2 · Lee et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11107261B2 · Scapel et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 12033296B2 · Scapel et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20010019330A1 · Bickmore et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20010033675A1 · Maurer et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20010047365A1 · Yonaitis · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20010050689A1 · Park · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20020015024A1 · Westerman et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020061130A1 · Kirk et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020072993A1 · Sandus et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020109668A1 · Rosenberg et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030154446A1 · Constant et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20050027716A1 · Apfel · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050137015A1 · Rogers et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050190059A1 · Wehrenberg · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050193343A1 · Kawabe et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050202748A1 · Porter · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050231513A1 · Lebarton et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050231625A1 · Parulski et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050248582A1 · Scheepers et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060017692A1 · Wehrenberg et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060046699A1 · Guyot et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060143569A1 · Kinsella et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060188144A1 · Sasaki et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060294465A1 · Ronen et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070025723A1 · Baudisch et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070081081A1 · Cheng · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070113181A1 · Blattner et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070127844A1 · Watanabe · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070168357A1 · Mo · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070168863A1 · Blattner et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080052242A1 · Merritt et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080133580A1 · Wanless et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080242423A1 · Kerr et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080267459A1 · Nakada et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080300572A1 · Rankers et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090027337A1 · Hildreth · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090033737A1 · Goose et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090044113A1 · Jones et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090055484A1 · Vuong et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090083847A1 · Fadell et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090132371A1 · Strietzel et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090144173A1 · Mo et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090168756A1 · Kurapati et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090175509A1 · Gonion et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090195545A1 · Debevec et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090202114A1 · Morin et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090254859A1 · Arrasvuori et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090297022A1 · Pettigrew et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090300513A1 · Nims et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090300525A1 · Jolliff et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090307629A1 · Horiuchi et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090312049A1 · Isomursu · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100007665A1 · Smith et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100026640A1 · Kim et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100035682A1 · Gentile et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100040292A1 · Clarkson · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100097375A1 · Tadaishi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100123915A1 · Kashimoto · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100124363A1 · Ek et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100153847A1 · Fama · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100164684A1 · Sasa et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100169376A1 · Chu · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100199200A1 · Fujioka · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100203968A1 · Gill et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100207721A1 · Nakajima et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100211900A1 · Fujioka · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100217808A1 · Benninger · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100322111A1 · Li · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110007174A1 · Bacivarov et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110025707A1 · Fujioka · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110064388A1 · Brown et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110067098A1 · Ruggiero et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110074807A1 · Inada et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110080356A1 · Kang et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110107216A1 · Bi · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110248992A1 · Van Os et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110252344A1 · Van Os · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110292283A1 · Stephens · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110296324A1 · Goossens et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110298808A1 · Rovik · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110304629A1 · Winchester · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110306420A1 · Nishimoto et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110306422A1 · Nishimoto et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120011453A1 · Shimono et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120059787A1 · Brown et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120069028A1 · Bouguerra · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120075328A1 · Goossens · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120079377A1 · Goossens · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120079378A1 · Goossens · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120081282A1 · Chin · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120139830A1 · Hwang et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120154557A1 · Perez et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120179767A1 · Clarke et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120218125A1 · Demirdjian et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120223952A1 · Kanemaru et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120231770A1 · Clarke et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120233120A1 · Nijim et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120235790A1 · Zhao et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120289290A1 · Chae et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120299945A1 · Aarabi · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120309520A1 · Evertt et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120327183A1 · Fujii · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130015946A1 · Lau et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130044128A1 · Liu et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130067453A1 · Luan · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130136341A1 · Yamamoto · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130147933A1 · Kulas et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130148867A1 · Wang · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130176208A1 · Tanaka et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130198296A1 · Roy et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130235045A1 · Corazza et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130258040A1 · Kaytaz et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130318347A1 · Moffat · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130342672A1 · Gray et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140013422A1 · Janus et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140040066A1 · Fujioka · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140047560A1 · Meyer et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140062853A1 · Chaudhri et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140071044A1 · Nam · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140078144A1 · Berriman et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140085293A1 · Konoplev et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140085460A1 · Park et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140085487A1 · Park et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140092101A1 · Lee et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140092130A1 · Anderson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140104394A1 · Yanai et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140111420A1 · Ahn et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140115451A1 · Sheldon-Dante · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140137013A1 · Matas · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140143682A1 · Druck et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140143693A1 · Goossens et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140152758A1 · Tong et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140157153A1 · Yuen et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140165000A1 · Fleizach et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140181229A1 · Tucker et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140198121A1 · Tong et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140204173A1 · Eidelson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140213318A1 · Leem et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140218459A1 · Wenlong et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140220855A1 · Heilbron et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140254434A1 · Jain et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140267311A1 · Evertt et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140279062A1 · Hackman et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140283128A1 · Shepherd et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140292641A1 · Cho et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140310365A1 · Sample et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140313307A1 · Oh et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140324600A1 · Soffin · 2014 [cited by examiner]
US 20140336808A1 · Taylor et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140354401A1 · Soni et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140354538A1 · Lee et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140358475A1 · Boulkenafed et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140361974A1 · Li et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140362091A1 · Bouaziz et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140366159A1 · Cohen · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150024592A1 · Chandrashekar et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150029097A1 · Craig · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150029179A1 · Han et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150033364A1 · Wong · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150049014A1 · Saito · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150052462A1 · Kulkarni · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150070272A1 · Kim et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150084950A1 · Li et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150121251A1 · Siddhartha et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150130716A1 · Sridharan et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150172238A1 · Ahmed et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150172584A1 · Park et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150195277A1 · Faaborg et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150208244A1 · Nakao · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150213307A1 · Beeler et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150235432A1 · Bronder et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150235476A1 · Mcmahon et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150254886A1 · Li · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150261292A1 · Conzola et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150261387A1 · Petersen et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150288633A1 · Ogundokun et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150310259A1 · Lau et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150312185A1 · Langholz et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150312523A1 · Li et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150325029A1 · Li et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150346912A1 · Yang et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150348269A1 · Dedhia et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150350125A1 · Henderson · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150379252A1 · Tang et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160005206A1 · Li et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160006987A1 · Li et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160030844A1 · Nair et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160035074A1 · Jeong et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160036759A1 · Prado et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160037331A1 · Vernon et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160042548A1 · Du et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160050169A1 · Ben Atar et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160055370A1 · Garcia · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160057087A1 · Gomba · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160063828A1 · Verweij et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160063850A1 · Yang et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160086379A1 · Sadi et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160086387A1 · Van Os et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160092043A1 · Missig et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160094705A1 · Vendrow · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160104034A1 · Wilder et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160105388A1 · Bin Mahfooz et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160110922A1 · Haring · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160127641A1 · Gove · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160134635A1 · Thelin et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160134840A1 · McCulloch · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160163084A1 · Corazza et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160182661A1 · Brezina et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160191958A1 · Nauseef et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160192324A1 · Zhang et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160217601A1 · Tsuda et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160227115A1 · Bin Mahfooz et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160231878A1 · Tsuda et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160247308A1 · Jiao et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160247309A1 · Li et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160267699A1 · Borke et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160275724A1 · Adeyoola et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160284123A1 · Hare et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160291822A1 · Ahuja et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160292901A1 · Li et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160292903A1 · Li et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160300379A1 · Du et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160307028A1 · Fedorov · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160328874A1 · Tong et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160328875A1 · Fang · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 20160328876A1 · Tong · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 20160328886A1 · Tong et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160332025A1 · Repka · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160350957A1 · Woods et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160364600A1 · Shah et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160378304A1 · Bahgat et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170018289A1 · Morgenstern · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170032554A1 · O'Donovan et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170046045A1 · Tung et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170046065A1 · Zeng et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170046426A1 · Pearce et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170046507A1 · Archer et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170048450A1 · Lee et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170048458A1 · Jeon et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170069124A1 · Tong et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170076142A1 · Chang · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170080346A1 · Abbas · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170083086A1 · Mazur et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170083524A1 · Huang et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170083586A1 · Huang et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170098122A1 · El Kaliouby et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170102916A1 · Noble et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170113140A1 · Blackstock et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170132828A1 · Zelenin et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170140214A1 · Matas et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170147802A1 · Li · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170163588A1 · Devasthali et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170164888A1 · Matsuda et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170193684A1 · Du et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170206095A1 · Gibbs et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170206694A1 · Jiao et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170256086A1 · Park et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170269792A1 · Xu et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170285764A1 · Kim et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170286423A1 · Shorman et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170323266A1 · Seo · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170346772A1 · Albouyeh et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170358117A1 · Goossens et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170359302A1 · Van Os et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180004404A1 · Delfino et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180025219A1 · Baldwin et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180026922A1 · Perigault · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180047200A1 · O'Hara et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180063603A1 · Tang et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180081515A1 · Block et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180088787A1 · Bereza et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180091732A1 · Wilson et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180101227A1 · Frueh et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180115503A1 · Baldwin et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180130094A1 · Tung et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180157901A1 · Arbatman et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180165862A1 · Sawaki · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180181201A1 · Grant et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180189549A1 · Inomata · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180197343A1 · Hare et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180225263A1 · Zhong et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180232934A1 · Schmidt · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180253152A1 · Forsblom et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180268589A1 · Grant · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180316775A1 · Kwon et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180321826A1 · Bereza et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180324353A1 · Kim et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180335927A1 · Anzures et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180335929A1 · Scapel et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180335930A1 · Scapel et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180336715A1 · Rickwald et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190079597A1 · Kada et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190080070A1 · Van Os et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190080072A1 · Van Os et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190080189A1 · Van Os et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190087082A1 · Chaudhri et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190171338A1 · Voss et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190171869A1 · Fortune et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190180088A1 · Norimatsu · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190188895A1 · Miller et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190199761A1 · Felman · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190266775A1 · Lee et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190266807A1 · Lee et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190276051A1 · Marti et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190279410A1 · Orvalho et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190295056A1 · Wright · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190339847A1 · Scapel et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190347868A1 · Scapel et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190370448A1 · Devine et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190370492A1 · Falchuk et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200005539A1 · Hwang et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200045245A1 · Van Os et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200074711A1 · Barlier et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200082157A1 · Susskind et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200104620A1 · Cohen et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200106965A1 · Malia et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200142484A1 · Maalouf et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200234481A1 · Scapel et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200302669A1 · Barlier et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200306640A1 · Kolen et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200311429A1 · Chen · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200358725A1 · Scapel et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200358726A1 · Dryer et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210027514A1 · Kwon et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210056747A1 · Hefny et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210056769A1 · Scapel et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210097875A1 · Alexander et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210192187A1 · Kim et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210264656A1 · Barlier et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210312684A1 · Zimmermann et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210335055A1 · Scapel et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210373672A1 · Schwarz et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210382544A1 · Butcher et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210390753A1 · Scapel et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220103784A1 · Pollefeys · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220122309A1 · Kim et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220137724A1 · Schliemann et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220244838A1 · Bereza et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220262080A1 · Burton et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]