Reinforced concrete monocoque roof construction method
The invention relates to a method for constructing a roof, the roof being intended for a building having a perimeter enclosure, the method having the production of a formwork configured to support the roof during its construction and to allow the casting of a slab, the construction of a supporting structure configured to ensure that the roof is mechanically resistant and that the roof is attached to the building receiving the roof, the casting of the slab performing a bonding material function, the slab being configured to transfer mechanical stresses within the supporting structure, and the construction of an external girdling, referred to as a cornice, connecting the roof to the building by girdling both a portion of an outer surface of the perimeter enclosure of the building and a portion of the girdling structure attached to the building, in order to increase the mechanical resistance of the roof to being torn off.
1 . A method for constructing a roof, the roof being intended for a building having a rigid peripheral enclosure, the method comprising:
making a formwork configured to support the roof while it is made and to allow a slab to be poured,
making a bearing frame configured to ensure mechanical strength of the roof and connect the roof to the building accommodating the roof,
pouring the slab ensuring a function of binder material, said slab being configured to transfer mechanical loads within the bearing frame,
making an external girdling, comprising a cornice, connecting the roof to the building by girdling both a portion of an external face of the peripheral enclosure of the building and a portion of the bearing frame attached to the building, to increase the tearing strength of said roof,
wherein making the bearing frame comprises:
making a main frame, comprising a set of metal or synthetic reinforcements, configured to ensure spatial delimitation of the roof and connect the roof to the building and to enhance mechanical strength of the roof,
making a secondary frame, said secondary frame being configured to increase the strength of the main frame and to receive the slab, and
wherein the main frame comprises:
wall tie reinforcements connected to corresponding reinforcements extending out of a wall of the building to which the roof is connected; and
a welded mesh connected to the wall tie reinforcements, the welded mesh located above the secondary frame; and
the secondary frame comprises:
floor beams located underneath the wall tie reinforcements and the welded mesh, the floor beams being configured to rest on the wall of the building and be temporarily supported by respective struts during a construction phase of the roof; and
spacer elements located in between and snap-fitted to the floor beams.
2 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 1 , wherein making the main frame comprises:
placing the wall tie reinforcements on a peripheral portion of the roof, to ensure spatial delimitation of the roof and connect the roof with metal or synthetic reinforcements protruding from the building, including reinforcements protruding from posts or beams or shells or wall ties;
placing complementary reinforcements formed of welded meshes on the entire roof, to ensure load distribution in the slab;
placing edge reinforcements to ensure load transmission to said wall tie reinforcements of the roof; and
placing continuity reinforcements to ensure load transmission in the secondary frame.
3 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 1 , wherein making the secondary frame, comprising a plurality of floor bearing elements and the spacer elements, comprises:
placing the plurality of floor bearing elements of a concrete floor, each floor bearing element defining a floor beam, configured to bear on the main frame and on the building; and
placing the spacer elements, each spacer element defining an interjoist, configured to space apart and secure the plurality of floor bearing elements.
4 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 3 , wherein each interjoist consists of a thermal insulating material.
5 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 4 , wherein the thermal insulating material consists of an extruded polystyrene material.
6 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 1 , wherein making the slab includes pouring a reinforced concrete slab as one-piece over the entire roof.
7 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 1 , wherein the slab comprises a reinforced concrete slab of the metal or synthetic fiber type and the slab further comprises sealing anti-crack admixtures.
8 . The method for constructing a roof according to claim 1 , further comprising laying a roof covering on the bearing frame and the slab to enhance sealing and ensure esthetics of the roof.