Propulsion system including an electric machine for starting a gas turbine engine
A gas turbine engine includes a turbomachine comprising a low pressure (LP) spool and a high pressure (HP) spool that rotate about a central axis, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the LP spool for selectively rotating the LP spool, a starter assembly mechanically coupled to the HP spool for selectively rotating the HP spool, and a controller in operative communication with the electric motor and the starter assembly, the controller being configured to operate the electric motor to rotate the LP spool and operate the starter assembly to rotate the HP spool during engine startup.
1 . A gas turbine engine comprising:
a turbomachine comprising a combustion section, a low pressure (LP) spool, a low speed compressor, a high pressure (HP) spool, and a high speed compressor;
an electric motor mechanically coupled to the LP spool via a gearbox for selectively rotating the LP spool;
a starter assembly mechanically coupled to the HP spool at a connection point for selectively rotating the HP spool;
a controller in operative communication with the electric motor and the starter assembly, the controller being configured to operate the electric motor to rotate the LP spool and operate the starter assembly to rotate the HP spool during engine startup; and
a clutch assembly positioned between and operably coupled to the LP spool and the HP spool at a location forward of the combustion section and aft of the high speed compressor, wherein the controller is in operative communication with the clutch assembly and is further configured to engage the clutch assembly to mechanically couple the LP spool and the HP spool during the engine startup, wherein the clutch is positioned axially between the gearbox and the connection point.
2 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the clutch assembly is engaged while the electric motor and the starter assembly operate simultaneously.
3 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the electric motor is electrically coupled to a three-phase alternating current (AC) motor power supply.
4 . The gas turbine engine of claim 3 , wherein the motor power supply comprises a fuel cell.
5 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the starter assembly comprises:
a starter motor; and
an accessory gearbox coupled to the HP spool, and wherein the starter motor is coupled to the HP spool through the accessory gearbox.
6 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the starter assembly is electrically coupled to a direct current (DC) starter power supply.
7 . The gas turbine engine of claim 6 , wherein the starter power supply comprises a ground power unit or onboard battery.
8 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the electric motor is electrically decoupled or isolated from the starter assembly.
9 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a first engine of a propulsion system for an aircraft, wherein the electric motor is electrically coupled with a second engine of the propulsion system for selectively providing power during an engine startup of the second engine.
10 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a first engine and the electric motor is a first electric motor of a propulsion system for an aircraft, wherein the propulsion system further comprises a second electric motor electrically coupled to a second engine of the propulsion system, and wherein the first electric motor and the second electric motor are operable to start the first engine and the second engine simultaneously.
11 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , further comprising:
a propeller, wherein the electric motor is mechanically coupled to the propeller for selectively providing power for rotating the propeller.
12 . The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a turboprop engine.
13 . A hybrid electric propulsion system for an aircraft comprising a gas turbine engine, the gas turbine engine comprising a combustion section and a low pressure (LP) spool, a low speed compressor, a high pressure (HP) spool, and a high speed compressor, the hybrid electric propulsion system comprising:
an electric motor mechanically coupled to the LP spool via a gearbox for selectively rotating the LP spool;
a starter assembly mechanically coupled to the HP spool at a connection point for selectively rotating the HP spool;
a controller in operative communication with the electric motor and the starter assembly, the controller being configured to operate the electric motor to rotate the LP spool and operate the starter assembly to rotate the HP spool during engine startup; and
a clutch assembly positioned between and operably coupled to the LP spool and the HP spool at a location forward of the combustion section and aft of the high speed compressor, wherein the controller is in operative communication with the clutch assembly and is further configured to engage the clutch assembly to mechanically couple the LP spool and the HP spool during the engine startup, wherein the clutch is positioned axially between the gearbox and the connection point.
14 . The hybrid electric propulsion system of claim 13 , wherein the electric motor is electrically coupled to a three-phase alternating current (AC) motor power supply and the starter assembly is electrically coupled to a direct current (DC) starter power supply.
15 . A method of operating a gas turbine engine, the gas turbine engine comprising a turbomachine comprising a low pressure (LP) spool, a low speed compressor, a high pressure (HP) spool, a high speed compressor, and a combustion section, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the LP spool via a gearbox for selectively rotating the LP spool, a starter assembly mechanically coupled to the HP spool at a connection point for selectively rotating the HP spool, a controller in operative communication with the electric motor and the starter assembly, the controller being configured to operate the electric motor to rotate the LP spool and operate the starter assembly to rotate the HP spool during engine startup; and a clutch assembly positioned between and operably coupled to the LP spool and the HP spool at a location forward of the combustion section and aft of the high speed compressor, wherein the clutch is positioned axially between the gearbox and the connection point, the method comprising:
determining that an engine startup is requested;
wherein the controller is in operative communication with the clutch assembly and engaging the clutch assembly to mechanically couple the LP spool and the HP spool during the engine startup, and
simultaneously operating the electric motor to rotate the LP spool and the starter assembly to rotate the HP spool during the engine startup.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a first engine of a hybrid electric propulsion system for an aircraft, wherein the electric motor is electrically coupled with a second engine of the hybrid electric propulsion system, the method further comprising:
selectively providing power to the second engine during an engine startup of the second engine.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a first engine and the electric motor is a first electric motor of a hybrid electric propulsion system for an aircraft, wherein the hybrid electric propulsion system further comprises a second electric motor electrically coupled to a second engine of the hybrid electric propulsion system, the method further comprising:
operating the first electric motor and the second electric motor to start the first engine and the second engine simultaneously.