Prediction and avoidance of radio frequency interference

1 . A method performed by a high value asset (HVA) in orbit for prediction and avoidance of Radio Frequency (RF) Interference (RFI) or Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from one or more of a plurality of resident space objects (RSOs), the method comprising:

obtaining orbit data and transmission data for the HVA and the plurality of RSOs;

calculating a visibility window of time for each of the RSOs being separated from the HVA by less than a predetermined threshold distance;

performing comparison of transmission parameters of each of the RSOs and the HVA to determine whether each of the RSOs has a potential RFI or EMI with the HVA;

calculating an orientation of each of the RSOs in a respective visibility window of time to determine a direction of transmission of each of the RSOs with respect to the HVA;

when there is a match in comparison of the transmission parameters and the orientation of a compatible RSO in the visibility window of time is within a predetermined threshold, adding the compatible RSO to a compatible RSO list;

generating courses of action (COAs) based on the compatible RSO list;

scoring each of the COAs;

selecting a best scored COA for a first course of action for avoidance of RFI or EMI;

scheduling the first course of action; and

autonomously executing the first course of action by the HVA to avoid RFI or EMI.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmission parameters include one or more of: frequency, volume of influence, power, gain, and modulation.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the COAs include one or more of: hand off to a different HVA, creation of an outage window with no transmission, switching frequencies, adjusting power or adjusting modulation, using a different communication window, and shortening a communication window time.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein scoring each of the COAs is based on normalizing and weighing one or more factors, including range, link margin power, antenna size, and receiver sensitivity.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a score of each COA is based on a defined and configurable set of comparators that a control station or other HVA need to perform a mission.

6 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying constraints to the visibility window of time, wherein the constraints include one or more of: sun angle, moon angle, and mission-dependent constraints.

7 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising performing link budget analysis to generate a maximum range constraint, wherein, when the visibility window of time for a potentially-interfering RSO is within the maximum range constraint, there is RFI or EMI for the potentially-interfering RSO.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the visibility window of time is calculated based on a line-of-sight and a radiation pattern of each of the RSOs.

9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the visibility window of time is calculated to correspond to a distance between a respective RSO required to achieve an acceptable signal as received by the HVA.

10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the visibility window of time is calculated responsive to a directivity of an HVA radiation pattern or a power level of the radiation pattern.

11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the visibility window of time determines an angle or orbital path of each RSO and represents a period of time that each RSO is separated by less than the predetermined threshold distance from the HVA.

12 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

using an Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) engine to determine that there are sufficient patterns for a potential RFI or EMI event.

13 . A satellite capable of predicting and avoiding Radio Frequency (RF) Interference (RFI) or Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from one or more of a plurality of resident space objects (RSOs), the satellite comprising:

a processing circuit configured to:

obtain orbit data and transmission data for the satellite and the plurality of RSOs;

calculate a visibility window of time for each of the RSOs being separated from the satellite by less than a predetermined threshold distance;

perform comparison of transmission parameters of each of the RSOs and the satellite to determine whether each of the RSOs has a potential RFI or EMI with the satellite;

calculate an orientation of each of the RSOs in a respective visibility window of time to determine a direction of transmission of each of the RSOs with respect to the satellite;

when there is a match in comparison of the transmission parameters and the orientation of a compatible RSO in the visibility window of time is within a predetermined threshold, add the compatible RSO to a compatible RSO list;

generate courses of action (COAs) based on the compatible RSO list;

score each of the COAs;

select a best scored COA for a first course of action for avoidance of RFI or EMI;

schedule the first course of action; and

autonomously execute the first course of action by the satellite to avoid RFI or EMI.

14 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the transmission parameters include one or more of; frequency, volume of influence, power, gain, and modulation.

15 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the COAs include one or more of: hand off to a different satellite, creation of an outage window with no transmission, switching frequencies, adjusting power or adjusting modulation, using a different communication window, and shortening a communication window time.

16 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to apply constraints to the visibility window of time, wherein the constraints include one or more of: sun angle, moon angle, and mission-dependent constraints.

17 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to perform link budget analysis to generate a maximum range constraint, wherein, when the visibility window of time for a potentially-interfering RSO is within the maximum range constraint, there is RFI or EMI for the potentially-interfering RSO.

18 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the visibility window of time is based on a line-of-sight and a radiation pattern of each of the RSOs.

19 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the visibility window of time corresponds to a distance between a respective RSO required to achieve an acceptable signal as received by the satellite.

20 . The satellite of claim 13 , wherein the visibility window of time determines an angle or orbital path of each RSO and represents a period of time that each RSO is separated by less than the predetermined threshold distance from the satellite.