IP Library Granted Patent US 12,600,770
Granted Patent B2
US 12,600,770 · App. 19/065,094 · Granted Apr 14, 2026

Antibodies to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and uses thereof

Inventors: Andreas-David Brunner (Mittelbiberach, DE); Lars Dittus (Mittelbiberach, DE); Priyanka Gupta (Newtown, CT); Muriel Lize (Ulm, DE); Maria Bonatsakis Myzithras (Sandy Hook, CT); Irina Rybina (Sleepy Hollow, NY); Julia Sauer (Biberach, DE); Wioletta Anna Skronska-Wasek (Biberach, DE); Heiko Friedrich Stahl (Biberach, DE)
Assignee: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
C07K16/22C07K2317/24C07K2317/76C07K2317/92
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,600,770
App. No.
19/065,094
Granted
Apr 14, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to anti-CTGF (connective tissue growth factor) antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof. Exemplary anti-CTGF antibodies disclosed herein address the need for treatments of conditions modulated by CTGF signaling. In some aspects, the anti-CTGF antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof are for diagnostic and/or therapeutic use, for example in a subject in need thereof, such as a human.

Claims (110)

1 . An anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising:

i. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 220, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 221, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 222; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 106, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 107; or

ii. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 106, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 107; or

iii. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 111, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 112; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 106, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 107; or

iv. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 115, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 117; or

v. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 111, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 112; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 115, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 117; or

vi. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 220, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 221, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 222; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 115, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 117; or

vii. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 100, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 145, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 146, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 147; or

viii. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 111, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 112; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 145, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 146, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 147; or

ix. a light chain variable region comprising an L-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 220, an L-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 221, and an L-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 222; and a heavy chain variable region comprising an H-CDR1 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 145, an H-CDR2 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 146, and an H-CDR3 having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 147.

2 . The anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:

i. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

ii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

iii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

iv. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

v. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

vi. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

vii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148; or

viii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148; or

ix. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148.

3 . The anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:

i. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

ii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

iii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

iv. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

v. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

vi. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

vii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148; or

viii. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148; or

ix. a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148.

4 . The anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-CTGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises:

i. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

ii. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

iii. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

iv. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 123, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

v. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 133, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108; or

vi. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

vii. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

viii. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118; or

ix. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148; or

x. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148; or

xi. a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 148.

5 . The anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , comprising:

i. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

ii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

iii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

iv. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

v. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

vi. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

vii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149; or

viii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149; or

ix. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149.

6 . The anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , comprising:

i. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

ii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

iii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

iv. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

v. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

vi. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

vii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149; or

viii. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149; or

ix. a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149.

7 . The anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , comprising:

i. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

ii. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

iii. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109; or

iv. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

v. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

vi. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 119; or

vii. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 104, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149; or

viii. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149; or

ix. a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149.

8 . An anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 113, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118.

9 . An anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223, and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 108.

10 . An anti-CTGF antibody, comprising a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 149.

11 . An anti-CTGF antibody, comprising a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109.

12 . The anti-CTGF antibody of claim 10 , wherein said antibody comprises a light chain having an amino acid sequence consisting of SEQ ID NO: 114, and a heavy chain having an amino acid sequence consisting of SEQ ID NO: 149.

13 . The anti-CTGF antibody of claim 11 , wherein said antibody comprises a light chain having an amino acid sequence consisting of SEQ ID NO: 224, and a heavy chain having an amino acid sequence consisting of SEQ ID NO: 109.

14 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

15 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 10 , and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

16 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 11 , and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

17 . An isolated polynucleotide or plurality of isolated polynucleotides that encodes a sequence comprising the heavy chain variable region and/or light chain variable region of the antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 .

18 . An isolated polynucleotide or plurality of isolated polynucleotides that encodes a sequence comprising the heavy chain variable region and/or light chain variable region of the antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 10 .

19 . An isolated polynucleotide or plurality of isolated polynucleotides that encodes a sequence comprising the heavy chain variable region and/or light chain variable region of the antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 11 .

20 . A host cell comprising the polynucleotide or plurality of polynucleotides according to claim 17 .

21 . A host cell comprising the polynucleotide or plurality of polynucleotides according to claim 18 .

22 . A host cell comprising the polynucleotide or plurality of polynucleotides according to claim 19 .

23 . A method for the production of an anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 , comprising the steps:

(a) cultivating a host cell comprising a polynucleotide or plurality of polynucleotides that encode said antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof under conditions allowing the expression of the anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof; and

(b) recovering said anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof.

24 . A method for the production of an anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 10 , comprising the steps:

(a) cultivating a host cell comprising a polynucleotide or plurality of polynucleotides that encode said antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof under conditions allowing the expression of the anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof; and

(b) recovering said anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof.

25 . A method for the production of an anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 11 , comprising the steps:

(a) cultivating a host cell comprising a polynucleotide or plurality of polynucleotides that encode said antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof under conditions allowing the expression of the anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof; and

(b) recovering said anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof.

26 . An in-vitro method of inhibiting the interaction between human CTGF or human CTGF-NTF and a cell, comprising contacting said human CTGF with an effective amount of the anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 1 .

27 . An in-vitro method of inhibiting the interaction between human CTGF or human CTGF-NTF and a cell, comprising contacting said human CTGF with an effective amount of the anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 10 .

28 . An in-vitro method of inhibiting the interaction between human CTGF or human CTGF-NTF and a cell, comprising contacting said human CTGF with an effective amount of the anti-CTGF antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof according to claim 11 .

29 . The anti-CTGF antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof of claim 1 , wherein said anti-CTGF antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof:

(a) is glycosylated; and/or

(b) comprises a heavy chain constant region selected from IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgM, IgA and IgE; and/or

(c) comprises an IgG1 heavy chain constant region; and/or

(d) comprises a heavy chain lacking a C-terminal lysine residue; and/or

(e) comprises a light chain constant region selected from the group consisting of a kappa and a lambda light chain; and/or

(f) is a monoclonal antibody; and/or

(g) is a monospecific antibody; and/or

(h) is a human, humanized, or chimeric antibody; and/or

(i) binds human CTGF of SEQ ID NO: 2, with a KD of 5 pM or lower; and/or

(j) binds the N-terminal fragment of human CTGF of SEQ ID NO: 3 with a KD of 500 pM or lower.

Assignments (5)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jul 29, 2025
From: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM PHARMA GMBH & CO. KG
To: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INTERNATIONAL GMBH
Reel/Frame 071860/0797 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jun 24, 2025
From: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
To: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INTERNATIONAL GMBH
Reel/Frame 071497/0687 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 22, 2025
From: BRUNNER, ANDREAS-DAVID; DITTUS, LARS; LIZE, MURIEL; SAUER, JULIA; SKRONSKA-WASEK, WIOLETTA ANNA; STAHL, HEIKO FRIEDRICH
To: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM PHARMA GMBH & CO. KG
Reel/Frame 070906/0615 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 22, 2025
From: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM PHARMA GMBH & CO. KG
To: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INTERNATIONAL GMBH
Reel/Frame 070906/0822 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Mar 5, 2025
From: GUPTA, PRIYANKA; MYZITHRAS, MARIA BONATSAKIS; RYBINA, IRINA
To: BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Reel/Frame 070408/0924 →
Priority Claims (1)
EP 24160771 · Mar 1, 2024 · regional
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 63723664 · Nov 22, 2024
Related Publication 20250277020A1 · Sep 4, 2025
References Cited (181)
US 4179337A · Davis et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4301144A · Iwashita et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4496689A · Mitra · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4640835A · Shimizu et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4670417A · Iwasaki et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4791192A · Nakagawa et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4816567A · Cabilly et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4946778A · Ladner et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5631144A · Lemoine et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 6037454A · Jardieu et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6054297A · Carter et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6407213B1 · Carter et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20230416352A1 · Ma et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
DE 266710A3 · 1989 [cited by applicant]
EP 183070A2 · 1986 [cited by applicant]
EP 244234A2 · 1987 [cited by applicant]
EP 402226A1 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
EP 3981787A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
EP 4257603A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO 1990005144A1 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
WO 1990013646A1 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
WO 1996032478A1 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 2005077042A2 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012092374A2 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2022117060A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
Abdiche, Yasmina Noubia et al. “High-Throughput Epitope Binning Assays on Label-Free Array-Based Biosensors Can Yield Exquisite Epitope Discrimination that Facilitates the Selection of Monoclonal Antibodies with Functio… [cited by applicant]
Ablexis.com “Alivamab Mouse Platform” (2016) 1 pg. [cited by applicant]
Almagro, Juan C. et al. “Antibody modeling assessment” (2011) Proteins, vol. 79, 3050-3066. [cited by applicant]
Almagro, Juan et al. “Humanization of Antibodies” (2008) Frontiers in Bioscience, 13, 1619-1633. [cited by applicant]
Altschul, Stephen et al. “Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: A new generation of protein database search programs” (1997) Nucleic Acids Research, vol. 25, No. 17, 3389-3402. [cited by applicant]
Altshul, Stephen et al., “Basic Local Alignment Search Tool” (1990), Journal Molecular Biology, V 215, 403-410. [cited by applicant]
Bitzer, Sarah, et al. “Application of human iPSC-derived macrophages in a miniaturized high-content-imaging-based efferocytosis assay” (2023) SLAS Discovery, vol. 28, 149-162. [cited by applicant]
Brennan, M. et al., “Preparation of Bispecific Antibodies by Chemical Recombination of Monoclonal Immunoglobulin G1 Fragments” (1985) Science 229: 81-83. [cited by applicant]
Brenner et al., “FG-3019, a Human Monoclonal Antibody Recognizing Connective Tissue Growth Factor, is Subject to Target-Mediated Drug Disposition” (2016) Enviromental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 33, No. 8, 1833… [cited by applicant]
Brown, Michael E. “Assessing the binding properties of the anti-PD-1 antibody landscape using label-free biosensors” (2020) PLOS One, 15(3) e0229206, 21 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Brüggemann M, et al. “Production of human antibody repertoires in transgenic mice” (1997) Curr Opin Biotechnol. 8 (4):455-458. [cited by applicant]
Camelo, Ana et al. “The epithelium in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: breaking the barrier” (2014) Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 4, Article 173, 11 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Carmen, Sara et al, “Concepts in antibody phage display”, (2002) Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics, vol. 1(2):189-203. [cited by applicant]
Carter, Paul et al. “High Level [cited by applicant]
Chothia, Cyrus et al. “Canonical Structures for the Hypervariable Regions of Immunoglobulins” (1987) J. Mol. Biol. 196, 901-917. [cited by applicant]
Chothia, Cyrus et al. “Domain Association in Immunoglobulin Molecules the Packing of Variable Domains” (1985) Journal Molecular Biology, 186, 651-663. [cited by applicant]
Clackson, Tim et al. “Making antibody fragments using phage display libraries” (1991) Nature, 352, 624-628. [cited by applicant]
Dahal, Lekh et al. “FcyR requirements leading to successful immunotherapy” (2015) Immunological Reviews, vol. 268, 104-122. [cited by applicant]
Edge, Albert et al. “Deglycosylation of Glycoproteins by Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid” (1981) Analytical Biochemistry, 118, 131-197. [cited by applicant]
Effendi, Wiwin et al. “Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Breaking the Bridge” (2022) International Journal of Molecular Science, vol. 23, 6064, 19 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Ge, Yun et al. “Efferocytosis and Its Role in Inflammatory Disorders” (2022) Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, vol. 10, article 839248, 1-15. [cited by applicant]
Graham, F.L. et al. “Characteristics of a Human Cell Line Transformed by DNA from Human Adenovirus Type 5” (1977) J. Gen. Virol. 36, 59-72. [cited by applicant]
Higgins, D.G. et al, “Using CLUSTAL for Multiple Sequence Alignments” (1996) Methods in Enzymology, 266, 383-402. [cited by applicant]
Igawa, Tomoyuki et al. “Engineered Monoclonal Antibody with Novel Antigen-Sweeping Activity In Vivo” (2013) PLOS One, 8(5), e63236, 1-10. [cited by applicant]
Isshiki, Takuma et al. “Therapeutic strategies to target connective tissue growth factor in fibrotic lung diseases” (2024) Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol. 253, 108578, 13 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Johnson, Bryce G. et al. “Connective Tissue Growth Factor Domain 4 Amplifies Fibrotic Kidney Disease through Activation of LDL Receptor-Related Protein 6” (2017) J Am Soc Nephrol, 28, 1769-1782. [cited by applicant]
Kaasboll, Ole J. et al. “Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) is a matricellular preproprotein controlled by proteolytic activation” (2018) J Biol. Chem, vol. 293 (46), 17953-17970. [cited by applicant]
Kabat, et al. “Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest” (1991) NIH Publication No. 91-3242, vol. 1, 647-669. [cited by applicant]
Karlin, S. et al. “Applications and statistics for multiple high-scoring segments in molecular sequences”, (1993), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 90, 5873-5877. [cited by applicant]
Karlin, S. et al. “Methods for assessing the statistical significance of molecular sequence features by using general scoring schemes”, (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 87, 2264-2268. [cited by applicant]
Knappik, Achim et al., “Fully synthetic Human Combinatorial Antibody Libraries (HuCAL) Based on Modular Consensus Frameworks and CDRs Randomized with Trinucleotides” (2000) J. Mol. Biol. 296: 57-86. [cited by applicant]
Kohler, G. et al. “Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity” (1975) Nature, vol. 256, 495-497. [cited by applicant]
Kono, Masato et al. “Plasma CCN2 (connective tissue growth factor; CTGF) is a potential biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)” (2011) Clin Chim Acta, 412, 2211-2215. [cited by applicant]
Kulak, Nils et al. “Minimal, encapsulated proteomic-sample processing applied to copy-number estimation in eukaryotic cells” (2014) Nature Methods, vol. 11, No. 3, 319-326. [cited by applicant]
Lefranc, M. P., “Unique database numbering system for immunogenetic analysis.” (1997) Immunology Today, 18 (11), 509. [cited by applicant]
Liberzon, Arthur et al. “The Molecular Signatures Database Hallmark Gene Set Collection” (2015) Cell Systems, 1, 417-425. [cited by applicant]
Lonberg, Nils et al. “Human Antibodies from Transgenic Mice” (1995) Intern. Rev. Immunol., vol. 13, 65-93. [cited by applicant]
Maier, Johannes et al. “Assessment of fully automated antibody homology modeling protocols in molecular operating environment” (2014) Proteins, vol. 82, 1599-1610. [cited by applicant]
Majewski, Sebastian et al., “Serial Measurements of Circulating KL-6, SP-D, MMP-7, CA19-9, CA-125, CCL18, and Periostin in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Receiving Antifibrotic Therapy: An Exploratory Study… [cited by applicant]
Marks, James D. et al. “By-passing Immunization Human Antibodies from V-gene Libraries Displayed on Phage” (1991) J. Mol. Biol., 222, 581-597. [cited by applicant]
Mather, Jennie et al., “Culture of Testicular Cells in Hormone-Supplemented Serum-Free Medium” (1982), Annals N.Y. Acad. Sci. 383: 44-68. [cited by applicant]
Mather, Jennie P. “Establishment and Characterization of Two Distinct Mouse Testicular Epithelial Cell Lines” (1980) Biology of Reproduction, 23, 243-252. [cited by applicant]
Morimoto, Koichi et al. Single-step purification of F(ab′)2 fragments of mouse monoclonal antibodies (immunoglobulins G1) by hydrophobic interaction high performance liquid chromatography using TSKgel Phenyl-5PW) (1992)… [cited by applicant]
Morrison, Sherie et al. “Chimeric human antibody molecules: Mouse antigen-binding domains with human constant region domains” (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 81, 6851-6855. [cited by applicant]
Myers, Eugene et al. “Approximate Matching of Regular Expressions” (1989) Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, vol. 51, No. 1, 5-37. [cited by applicant]
Myzithras, Maria et al. “Optimizing NBE PK/PD assays using the Gyrolab Affinity Software; conveniently within the bioanalyst's existing workflow” (2018) Bioanalysis, 10(6) 397-406. [cited by applicant]
NCT06631430, Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Single Rising Doses of BI 3810477 in Healthy Male Subjects(Single-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Design), Sponsor: Boehringer Ingelheim, N… [cited by applicant]
North, Benjamin et al. “A New Clustering of Antibody CDR Loop Conformations” (2011) Journal of Molecular Biology, 406, 228-256. [cited by applicant]
Pearson, William R. et al. “Improved tools for biological sequence comparison” (1988) Prot. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 85, 2444-2448. [cited by applicant]
Pluckthun, A. “Antibodies from [cited by applicant]
Reichert, Janice M. et al. “Foundation review: The future of antibodies as cancer drugs” (2012) Drug Discovery Today, vol. 17, No. 17/18, 954-963. [cited by applicant]
Salton, Francesco et al. “Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis” (2019) Medicina, 55, 83, 8 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Schloesser, Daniela et al. “Senescent cells suppress macrophage-mediated corpse removal via upregulation of the CD47-QPCT/L axis” (2022) Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 222, No. 2, e202207097, 1-24. [cited by applicant]
Schruf, Eva et al., “Recapitulating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis related alveolar epithelial dysfunction in a human iPSC-derived air-liquid interface model” (2020) FASEB J., vol. 34, 7825-7846. [cited by applicant]
Sgalla, Giacomo et al. “Pamrevlumab for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” (2020) Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, vol. 29, No. 8, 771-777. [cited by applicant]
Sgalla, Giacomo et al., “Antibody-based therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis”, (2020) Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol. 20, No. 7, 779-786. [cited by applicant]
Shi, Lin et al. “Regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis of human alveolar epithelial cells” (2016) J Cellular and Molecular Medicine, vol. 20, Issue 11, 2183-2193. [cited by applicant]
Sojar, Hakimuddin et al. “A Chemical Method for the Deglycosylation of Proteins” (1987) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 259, 1, 52-57. [cited by applicant]
Song, Lin-lin et al. “A first-in-human phase 1 study of SHR-1906, a humanized monoclonal antibody against connective tissue growth factor, in healthy participants” (2023) Clin Transl Sci. 00, 1-10. [cited by applicant]
Sonnylal, Sonali, et al. “Connective tissue growth factor causes EMT-like cell fate changes in vivo and in vitro” (2013) J Cell Sci.; vol. 126, Issue 10, 2164-2175. [cited by applicant]
Sternlicht et al., “Radiation induced pulmonary gene expression changes are attenuated by the CTGF antibody Pamrevlumab”, (2018) Respiratory Research, vol. 19, No. 1, 1-16. [cited by applicant]
Thotakura, Nageswara et al. “[28] Enzymatic deglycosylation of glycoproteins” (1987) Methods of Enzymology, V 138, 350-359. [cited by applicant]
Torelli, Alberto et al. “Advance and Adam: two algorithms for the analysis of global similarity between homologous informational sequences”, (1994), Comput. Appl. Biosci., vol. 10, No. 1, 3-5. [cited by applicant]
Tyanova, Stefka et al.; “The Perseus computational platform for comprehensive analysis of (prote)omics data” (2016) Nature Methods, vol. 13, No. 9, 731-740. [cited by applicant]
Urlaub, Gail et al. “Isolation of Chinese hamster cell mutants deficient in dihydrofolate reductase activity” (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 77, No. 7, 4216-4220. [cited by applicant]
Vargas-Madrazo, Enrique et al. “An improved model of association for VH-VL immunoglobulin domains: Asymmetries between VH and VL in the packing of some interface residues” (2003) Journal of Molecular Recognition, vol. 1… [cited by applicant]
Written Opinion of PCT/EP2025/055309, 6 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Yang, Danlin et al. “Maximizing in vivo target clearance by design of pH-dependent targeting binding antibodies with altered affinity to FcRn” (2017) MABS, vol. 9, No. 7, 1105-1117. [cited by applicant]
Yang, Jibing et al. “Activated alveolar epithelial cells initiate fibrosis through autocrine and paracrime secretion of connective tissue growth factor” (2014) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 306, L786-L796. [cited by applicant]
Zapata, Gerardo et al. “Engineering linear F(ab′)2 fragments for efficient production in [cited by applicant]
Abreu Jose G, et al. “Connective-tissue growth factor (CTGF) modulates cell signalling by BMP and TGF-beta”. Nature Cell Biol. (2002) 4(8):599-604. [cited by applicant]
Adams Taylor et al, “Alveolar epithelial cell plasticity and injury memory in human pulmonary fibrosis” bioRxiv (2025) 658504. doi:10.1101/2025.06.10.658504. [cited by applicant]
Adams Taylor S, et al. “Single-cell RNA-seq reveals ectopic and aberrant lung-resident cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” Science Advances (2020) 6(28):eaba1983. [cited by applicant]
Adler Sharon G, et al. “Phase 1 Study of Anti-CTGF Monoclonal Antibody in Patients with Diabetes and Microalbuminuria” Clinical Journal American Society Nephrology (2010) 5(8):1420-1428. [cited by applicant]
Akarsu A, et al. “Hypersensitivity reactions to biologicals: from bench to bedside”. Curr Treat Options Allergy. (2020) 7:71-83. [cited by applicant]
Araújo Marcia, et al. “Serum metalloproteinase-7 as a biomarker of progressive pulmonary fibrosis” ERJ Open Research (2024) 10(6):00553-02024. [cited by applicant]
Arnott John A, et al. “The role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) in skeletogenesis” Critical Reviews Eukaryotic Gene Express. (2011) 21(1):43-69. [cited by applicant]
Balci A, et al. “Comprehensive biomarker analysis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial lung disease with healthy individuals” European Review Medical and Pharmacological Sciences (2023) 27:546… [cited by applicant]
Bammert Marie-Therese et al, “A dual role of fibroblast-epithelial crosstalk in acute and chronic lung injury” J Biol Chem (2025) 301:110408. [cited by applicant]
Baran SW, et al. “Perspectives on the evaluation and adoption of complex in vitro models in drug development: Workshop with the FDA and the pharmaceutical industry (IQ MPS Affiliate)”. ALTEX (2022) 39(2):297-314. [cited by applicant]
Barbe Mary F, et al. “Blocking CTGF/CCN2 reduces established skeletal muscle fibrosis in a rat model of overuse injury” FASEB J (2020) 34:6554-6569. [cited by applicant]
Basil Maria C, et al. “Human distal airways contain a multipotent secretory cell that can regenerate alveoli” Nature (2022) 604:120-126. [cited by applicant]
Bauer Yasmina, et al. “MMP-7 is a predictive biomarker of disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” ERJ Open Research (2017) 3:00074-02016. [cited by applicant]
Bickelhaupt Sebastian, et al. “Effects of CTGF Blockade on Attenuation and Reversal of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis” JNCI: J Natl Cancer Inst (2017) 109:djw339. [cited by applicant]
Brennan Frank R, et al. “Optimized nonclinical safety assessment strategies supporting clinical development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting inflammatory diseases” Drug Dev Res. (2014) 75(3): 115-161. [cited by applicant]
Chen Zihao, et al. “Connective Tissue Growth Factor: From Molecular Understandings to Drug Discovery” Frontiers Cell Development Biology (2020) 8:593269. [cited by applicant]
Confalonieri Paola, et al. “Regeneration or Repair? The Role of Alveolar Epithelial Cells in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)” Cells (2022) 11(13):2095. [cited by applicant]
Connolly, Anne M., et al. “Pamrevlumab, a Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Connective Tissue Growth Factor, for Non-Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy” Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases (2023)… [cited by applicant]
Cottin Vincent, et al. “Fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: knowns and unknowns” European Respiratory Review (2019) 28:180100. [cited by applicant]
European Medicines Agency. Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) guideline on development, production, characterisation and specifications for monoclonal antibodies and related products. London. Dec. 18,… [cited by applicant]
Flaherty Kevin R, et al. “Design of the PF-ILD trial: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled Phase III trial of nintedanib in patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease” BMJ Open Respiratory R… [cited by applicant]
Garrett Q, et al. “Involvement of CTGF in TGF-β1-Stimulation of Myofibroblast Differentiation and Collagen Matrix Contraction in the Presence of Mechanical Stress” Investigative Opthalmology Visual Science (2004) 45(4):… [cited by applicant]
George J, et al. “siRNA-mediated knockdown of connective tissue growth factor prevents N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats” Gene Therapy (2007) 14:790-803. [cited by applicant]
Gerritsen Karin G, et al. “Effect of GFR on Plasma N-Terminal Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) Concentrations” American Journal Kidney Diseases (2012) 59 (5):619-627. [cited by applicant]
Gibson Charlisa D, et al. “Advances in targeted therapy for progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease” Lung (2020) 198(4):597-608. [cited by applicant]
Hall William C, et al. “Tissue cross-reactivity studies for monoclonal antibodies: predictive value and use for selection of relevant animal species for toxicity testing” Pharmaceutical Sciences Encyclopedia: Drug Disco… [cited by applicant]
Hamai Kosuke, et al. “Comparative Study of Circulating MMP-7, CCL18, KL-6, SP-A, and SP-D as Disease Markers of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis” Disease Markers (2016) :4759040, 8 pgs. [cited by applicant]
ICH Expert Working Group. ICH harmonised tripartite guideline: preclinical safety evaluation of biotechnology-derived pharmaceuticals, S6(RI). Jun. 12, 2011, 23 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Investors and Media: Press Release [Internet]. FibroGen Announces Topline Results from Phase III Zephyrus-I Study of Pamrevlumab for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. FibroGen; Jun. 26, 2023 [cited May 17,… [cited by applicant]
Investors and Media: Press Release [Internet]. FibroGen AnnouncesTopline Results from Lelantos-2, a Phase III Clinical Study of Pamrevlumab in Ambulatory Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. FibroGen; Aug. 29, 2023 [cited May 1… [cited by applicant]
Ito Yasuhiko, et al. “Expression of connective tissue growth factor in human renal fibrosis” Kidney Int (1998) 53:853-861. [cited by applicant]
Kang S, et al. “RNAi nanotherapy for fibrosis: highly durable knockdown of CTGF/CCN-2 using siRNA-DegradaBALL (LEM-S401) to treat skin fibrotic diseases” Nanoscale (2020) 12:6385-6393. [cited by applicant]
Khan David A. “Hypersensitivity and immunologic reactions to biologics: opportunities for the allergist.” Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. (2016) 117(2):115-120. [cited by applicant]
Khan Fasihul A, et al. “A systematic review of blood biomarkers with individual participant data meta-analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-7 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” Eur Respir J (2022) 59:2101612. [cited by applicant]
King, Talmadge et al. “Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” Lancet. (2011) 378 (9807): 1949-1961. [cited by applicant]
Kolb Martin, et al. “The natural history of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases” Respiratory Research (2019) 20(1):57, 8 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Koshman, Yevgeniya et al. “Connective tissue growth factor regulates cardiac function and tissue remodeling in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy” Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, (2015) vol. 89, 214-2… [cited by applicant]
Lambi Alex G, et al. “The skeletal site-specific role of connective tissue growth factor in prenatal osteogenesis” Developmental Dynamics (2012) 241:(12): 1944-1959. [cited by applicant]
Lasky, JA “Connective tissue growth factor” Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine. Elsevier Ltd. (2006) 553-557. [cited by applicant]
Leach, Michael, et al. “Use of tissue cross reactivity studies in the development of antibody-based biopharmaceuticals: history, experience, methodology, and future directions.” Toxicologic Pathology (2010) 38 (7):1138-… [cited by applicant]
Li Roger M, et al. “Pre-Treatment MMP7 Predicts Progressive Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Antifibrotic Treated Patients” Respirology (2025) 30:504-514. [cited by applicant]
Lipson Kenneth E, et al. “CTGF is a central mediator of tissue remodeling and fibrosis and its inhibition can reverse the process of fibrosis” Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair (2012) 5:S24. [cited by applicant]
Liu Qing-wei, et al. “Relationship between illness perception, fear of progression and quality of life in interstitial lung disease patients: a cross sectional study” Journal Clinical Nursing (2021) 30(23/24):3493-3505. [cited by applicant]
Mayr Christoph H, et al. “Spatial Transcriptomic Characterization of Novel Pathologic Niches in IPF” (2024) Science Advances, 10(32), 15 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Monsen Vivi, et al. “Structural insights into regulation of CCN protein activities and functions” Journal Cell Communication and Signaling (2023) 17:371-390. [cited by applicant]
Morais Antonio, et al. “Serum metalloproteinases 1 and 7 in the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial pneumonias” Respiratory Medicine (2015) 109:1063-1068. [cited by applicant]
Murthy Preetish KL, et al. “Human distal lung maps and lineage hierarchies reveal a bipotent progenitor” Nature (2022) 604:111-119. [cited by applicant]
Neiens Vanessa, et al. “Preclinical concept studies showing advantage of an inhaled anti-CTGF/CCN2 protein for pulmonary fibrosis treatment” Nature Communications (2025)16(1):3251. [cited by applicant]
Nishimoto N, et al. “Long-term safety and efficacy of tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, in monotherapy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (the STREAM study): evidence of safety and efficacy in … [cited by applicant]
Pan L-H, et al. “Type II alveolar epithelial cells and interstitial fibroblasts express connective tissue growth factor in IPF” Eur Respir J (2001) 17:1220-1227. [cited by applicant]
Parapuram Sunil K, et al. “Loss of PTEN expression by mouse fibroblasts results in lung fibrosis through a CCN2-dependent mechanism” Matrix Biology (2015) 43:35-41. [cited by applicant]
PCT/EP2025/055309 International Search Report, mailed Aug. 11, 2025. 9 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Pichler WJ. “Adverse side-effects to biological agents” Allergy (2006) 61:912-920. [cited by applicant]
Pintea I, et al. “Hypersensitivity reactions to monoclonal antibodies: classification and treatment approach (review)” Experimental Therapeutic Medicine (2021) 22:949. [cited by applicant]
Pulito-Cueto Veronica, et al. “Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors as upcoming biomarker signatures of connective tissue diseases-related interstitial lung disease: towards an earlier and accurate diag… [cited by applicant]
Raghu G, et al. “Pamrevlumab for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Results of the Phase 3 Zephyrus-1 Study” C95 N Clin Trial Results Chronic Lung Dis 2024 ; A6613-A6613.doi:10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstr… [cited by applicant]
Raghu Ganesh, et al. “An official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT statement: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management” American Journel Respiratory Critical Care Med. (2011) 183(6): 788-824. [cited by applicant]
Raghu Ganesh, et al. “Diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an official ATS/ERS/JRS/ ALAT clinical practice guideline” Am J Respir Crit Care Med. (2018) 198(5) e44-e68. [cited by applicant]
Raghu Ganesh, et al. “FG-3019 anti-connective tissue growth factor monoclonal antibody: results of an open-label clinical trial in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” Eur Respir J. (2016) 47: 1481-1491. [cited by applicant]
Raghu Ganesh, et al. “Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (an Update) and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis in Adults: An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline” American Journal Respiratory Critical Care Medicine… [cited by applicant]
Raghu Ganesh, et al. “Pamrevlumab for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The Zephyrus-I Randomized Clinical Trial” JAMA. (2024) 332(5) 380-389. [cited by applicant]
Raghu, Ganesh et al. “An official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT clinical practice guideline: treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: executive summary: an update of the 2011 clinical practice guideline” Am J Respir Crit Care Med… [cited by applicant]
Ren Meishen et al. “Connective Tissue Growth Factor: Regulation, Diseases, and Drug Discovery” International Journel Molecular Science (2024) 25:4692. [cited by applicant]
Richeldi Luca, et al. “Pamrevlumab, an anti-connective tissue growth factor therapy, for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (PRAISE): a Phase II, randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial” Lancet Respir Med. (2020) … [cited by applicant]
Rojko Jennifer L, et al. “Physiologic IgG biodistribution, transport, and clearance: implications for monoclonal antibody products” Pharmaceutical Sciences Encyclopedia: Drug Discovery, Development, and Manufacturing (2… [cited by applicant]
Rong M, et al. “Inhibition of b-catenin signaling protects against CTGF-induced alveolar and vascular pathology in neonatal mouse lung” Pediatric Research (2016) 80(1): 136-144. [cited by applicant]
Rosas Ivan et al. “MMP1 and MMP7 as Potential Peripheral Blood Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis” PLoS Med (2008) 5(4):e93, 11 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Safadi Fayez F, et al. “Expression of connective tissue growth factor in bone: its role in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo” J Cell Physiol. (2003) 196(1):51-62. [cited by applicant]
Sakai Norihiko, et al. “Inhibition of CTGF ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis through suppression of fibroblast and myofibroblast accumulation and angiogenesis” Scientific Reports (2017) 7:5392. [cited by applicant]
Sauer Julia et al. “iPSC-derived macrophages: An in vitro model to study human disease-relevant macrophage biology” J Immunol (2025) 00, 1-16. [cited by applicant]
Song JW, et al. “Biomarkers MMP-7 and SP-A Predictors of Outcome in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis” Chest (2013) 143:1422-1429. [cited by applicant]
Strobel B, et al. “Standardized, Scalable, and Timely Flexible Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Production Using Frozen High-Density HEK-293 Cell Stocks and CELLdiscs” Human Gene Therapy Methods (2019) 30:23-33. [cited by applicant]
Strobel Benjamin, et al. “Modeling Pulmonary Disease Pathways Using Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus 6.2” Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol (2015) 53:291-302. [cited by applicant]
Sung Dong K, et al. “Noncovalenly PEGylated CTGF siRNA/PDMAEMA complex for pulmonary treatment of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis” Biomaterials (2013) 34:1261-1269. [cited by applicant]
Tam Angela, et al. “Selective deletion of connective tissue growth factor attenuates experimentally-induced pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension” Int J Biochem Cell Biol (2021) 134:105961. [cited by applicant]
Todd Jamie L, et al. “Circulating matrix metalloproteinases and tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the multicenter IPF-PRO Registry cohort” BMC Pulmonary Medicine (2020… [cited by applicant]
Tsai C-C, et al. “Essential role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)- induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from Graves' orbital fibroblasts” Scientific Reports (2018… [cited by applicant]
Tzouvelekis Argyris, et al. “Validation of the prognostic value of MMP-7 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” Respirology (2017) 22:486-493. [cited by applicant]
Wang Luming, et al. “Complex in vitro model: A transformative model in drug development and precision medicine” Clinical and Translational Science (2023) 17(2):e13695, 17 pgs. [cited by applicant]
Wang Qingjian, et al. “Cooperative interaction of CTGF and TGF-β in animal models of fibrotic disease” Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair (2011) 4:4. [cited by applicant]
Wei M, et al. “Efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin-17 pathway for inflammatory arthritis: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.” Drug Design Development Therapy (2016) 1… [cited by applicant]
Wells Athol, et al. “What's in a name? That which we call IPF, by any other name would act the same” Eur Respir J. (2018) 51: 1800692. [cited by applicant]
Wu Dongze, et al. “Efficacy and safety of biologics targeting interleukin-6, -12/23 and -17 pathways for peripheral psoriatic arthritis: a network meta-analysis” Rheumatology (2018) 57(3):563-571. [cited by applicant]
Yanagihara Toyoshi, et al. “Connective-Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF/CCN2) Contributes to TGF-β1-Induced Lung Fibrosis” bioRxiv (2020) Jul. 4, 2020 187492.doi:10.1101/2020.07.04.187492. [cited by applicant]
Yanagihara Toyoshi, et al. “Connective-Tissue Growth Factor Contributes to TGF-β1-induced Lung Fibrosis” Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol (2022) 66:260-270. [cited by applicant]
Zheng Caopei et al. “Alveolar epithelial cell dysfunction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis” Frontiers Molecular Biosciences (2025) 12:1564176. [cited by applicant]