Films for multiple layers assemblies
The present invention relates to assembly comprising a first component and a second component, each component comprising a polymer, as well as a film positioned between and bonded to the first component and the second component. The film is such that it comprises at least one poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) polymer and at least one nucleating agent. The assembly has an improved fracture toughness and overall good mechanical properties.
1 . An assembly comprising:
a first component comprising a polymer (P1),
a second component comprising a polymer (P2) and
a film positioned between and bonded to the first component and the second component,
wherein the film comprises or is made of:
a) at least one poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) polymer,
wherein the PEKK polymer comprises at least 50 mol. % of recurring units of formulas (M) and (P), the mol. % being based on the total number of moles in the polymer:
wherein
R 1 and R 2 , at each instance, is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, an aryl, an ether, a thioether, a carboxylic acid, an ester, an amide, an imide, an alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, an alkyl sulfonate, an alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, an alkyl phosphonate, an amine, and a quaternary ammonium; and
i and j, at each instance, is an independently selected integer ranging from 0 to 4;
wherein the molar ratio of recurring units (P) to recurring units (M) is from 50:50 to 56:44, and
b) at least one nucleating agent.
2 . The assembly according to claim 1 wherein i and j are 0 for each R 1 and R 2 group.
3 . The assembly according to claim 1 wherein the PEKK polymer comprises at least 95 mol. % of the recurring units of formulae (M) and (P).
4 . The assembly according to claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of recurring units (P) to recurring units (M) is from 51:49 to 55:45.
5 . The assembly of claim 1 wherein the PEKK polymer exhibits a melting temperature Tm ranging from 270 to 310° C., as measured by DSC according to ASTM D3418.
6 . The assembly of claim 1 wherein the PEKK polymer is such that the heat of fusion ΔH f meets the following equation:
Δ H f >1.69× T m −480 (eq 1)
wherein:
Tm is the PEKK melting temperature in ° C. and
ΔH f is in J/g.
7 . The assembly of claim 1 wherein the PEKK polymer complies with the set of the following properties:
a melting point T m ≤310° C.; and
a heat of fusion ΔH f >5 J/g; and
Δ H f >1.69× T m −480 (eq 1)
wherein:
Tm is the PEKK melting temperature in ° C. and
ΔH f is in J/g.
8 . The assembly of claim 1 wherein the heat of fusion ΔH f of the PEKK polymer is at least 5.0 J/g.
9 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the film comprises at least one nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of boron-containing compounds, alkaline earth metal carbonates, oxides, silicates, salts of alkaline earth metals, nitrides and carbon-based compounds.
10 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the PEKK polymer is such that it has been manufactured in a solvent in the absence of a Lewis acid or in the presence of an amount of Lewis acid of less than 2 wt. %, based on the total weight of the monomers.
11 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the PEKK polymer contains polymer-bound fluorine in an amount higher than 100 ppm.
12 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the amount of Al in the PEKK polymer is below 50 ppm.
13 . The assembly of claim 5 , wherein the PEKK polymer exhibits a Td(1%) of at least 500° C., as measured by thermal gravimetric analysis according to ASTM D3850, with a heating from 30° C. to 800° C. under nitrogen using a heating rate of 10° C./min.
14 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the film has a thickness ranging from 15 to 800 μm.
15 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein polymer (P1) and polymer (P2) are independently selected from the group consisting of poly(aryl ether ketones) (PAEK), poly(etherimides) (PEI), poly(amide imides) (PAI), poly(aryl ether sulfones) (PAES), poly(arylene sulphides) (PAS), poly(phthalamides) (PPA), polyamides (PA), polycarbonates (PC), liquid crystal polymers (LCP), poly(aromatic esters) (PAE) and blends thereof.
16 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein polymer (P1) and/or polymer (P2) are independently selected from the group consisting of PEEK and PEKK, wherein:
PEEK denotes any polymer comprising at least 10 mol. % of the recurring units are recurring units (R PEEK ) of formula (J″-A):
the mol. % being based on the total number of moles of recurring units in the polymer and
PEKK denotes any polymer comprises at least 50 mol. % of recurring units of formulas (J′-B 1 ) and (J′-B 2 ), the mol. % being based on the total number of moles of recurring units in the polymer:
17 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein polymer (P1) and polymer (P2) are independently selected from PEKK polymers with a T/I ratio in the range from 55/45 to 85/15 and mixtures thereof.
18 . The assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the first component is a composite material comprising one or more layers comprising fibers and polymer (P1),
the second component is a composite material comprising one or more layers comprising fibers and polymer (P2), and/or
the film comprises at least one scrim, nonwoven or lightweight fabric.
19 . The assembly of claim 1 wherein the proportion of nucleating agent(s) is lower than 2.0 wt. %, this proportion being relative to the weight of the PEKK polymer.
20 . A method of making the assembly of claim 1 , which comprises the steps of:
arranging the film between a first component comprising a polymer (P1) and a second component comprising a polymer (P2); and
subjecting the film to a temperature (T m x ), suitable to melt the film but not to melt polymer (P1) and polymer (P2).