Method, apparatus, and computer program product for map data generation from probe data imagery
A method is provided to using a generative adversarial network to generate map geometry from images representing probe data. Methods may include: receiving a rasterized image representative of probe data within a geographic area, where each pixel of the rasterized image includes a property representing at least one component of the probe data; generating a prediction image of road features within the geographic area using a generative adversarial network based on trained model parameters and the rasterized image; determining one or more map elements based, at least in part, on the prediction image and georeferenced locations of the road features within the prediction image; and updating a map of the geographic area with one or more map elements.
1 . An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the processor, cause the apparatus to at least:
receive a rasterized image representative of probe data within a geographic area, wherein each pixel of the rasterized image is encoded with at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data associated with map geometry, wherein the at least one component comprises one or more of a travel speed, an average heading angle, a lane marking observation, or a probe data point count;
deblur the rasterized image to obtain a prediction image of road features within the geographic area using a generative adversarial network, wherein the generative adversarial network is trained using direct image translation techniques applied to pairs of training images comprising probe data density histogram images and corresponding ground truth label images;
process the prediction image using a deep neural network trained on ground truth labeled map elements to determine one or more map elements based, at least in part, on the prediction image and georeferenced locations of the road features within the prediction image; and
update a map of the geographic area with the one or more map elements.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data comprises a pixel value, and wherein the at least one component of the probe data comprises a probe density represented by the pixel value.
3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data comprises a pixel value, and wherein the at least one component of the probe data comprises an average probe speed represented by the pixel value.
4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data comprises a pixel value, and wherein the at least one component of the probe data comprises a predominant probe heading represented by the pixel value.
5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein causing the apparatus to receive the rasterized image representative of probe data within the geographic area comprises causing the apparatus to receive a rasterized image of normalized probe data within the geographic area, wherein the normalized probe data is normalized based, at least in part, on at least one of a functional class of a road segment along which the probe data was captured or a total volume of received probe data along the road segment along which the received probe data was captured.
6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the generative adversarial network is a conditional generative adversarial network, wherein each pixel of the probe data density histogram images represents normalized probe count for a location corresponding to a respective pixel.
7 . The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the ground truth label images comprise images depicting labeled map elements.
8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the probe data comprises at least one of a vehicle location or a location of an object detected by a vehicle.
9 . A method comprising:
receiving a rasterized image representative of probe data within a geographic area, wherein each pixel of the rasterized image is encoded with at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data associated with map geometry, wherein the at least one component comprises one or more of a travel speed, an average heading angle, a lane marking observation, or a probe data point count;
deblurring the rasterized image to obtain a prediction image of road features within the geographic area using a generative adversarial network, wherein the generative adversarial network is trained using direct image translation techniques applied to pairs of training images comprising probe data density histogram images and corresponding ground truth label images;
processing the prediction image using a deep neural network trained on ground truth labeled map elements to determine one or more map elements based, at least in part, on the prediction image and georeferenced locations of the road features within the prediction image; and
updating a map of the geographic area with the one or more map elements.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data comprises a pixel value, and wherein the at least one component of the probe data comprises a probe density represented by the pixel value.
11 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data comprises a pixel value, and wherein the at least one component of the probe data comprises an average probe speed represented by the pixel value.
12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the probe data comprises at least one of a vehicle location or a location of an object detected by a vehicle.
13 . The method of claim 9 , wherein receiving the rasterized image representative of probe data within the geographic area comprises receiving a rasterized image of normalized probe data within the geographic area, wherein the normalized probe data is normalized based, at least in part, on at least one of a functional class of a road segment along which the probe data was captured or a total volume of received probe data along the road segment along which the received probe data was captured.
14 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the generative adversarial network is a conditional generative adversarial network, wherein each pixel of the probe data density histogram images represents normalized probe count for a location corresponding to a respective pixel.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the ground truth label images comprise images depicting labeled map elements.
16 . A computer program product comprising at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable program code instructions stored therein, the computer-executable program code instructions comprising program code instructions to:
receive a rasterized image representative of probe data within a geographic area, wherein each pixel of the rasterized image is encoded with at least one property representing at least one component of the probe data associated with map geometry, wherein the at least one component comprises one or more of a travel speed, an average heading angle, a lane marking observation, or a probe data point count;
deblur the rasterized image to obtain a prediction image of road features within the geographic area using a generative adversarial network, wherein the generative adversarial network is trained using direct image translation techniques applied to pairs of training images comprising probe data density histogram images and corresponding ground truth label images;
process the prediction image using a deep neural network trained on ground truth labeled map elements to determine one or more map elements based, at least in part, on the prediction image and georeferenced locations of the road features within the prediction image; and
update a map of the geographic area with the one or more map elements.
17 . The computer program product of claim 16 , wherein the program code instructions to receive the rasterized image of probe data within the geographic area comprise program code instructions to receive a rasterized image of normalized probe data within the geographic area, wherein the normalized probe data is normalized based, at least in part, on at least one of a functional class of a road segment along which the probe data was captured or a total volume of received probe data along the road segment along which the received probe data was captured.
18 . The computer program product of claim 16 , wherein the generative adversarial network is a conditional generative adversarial network, wherein each pixel of the probe data density histogram images represents normalized probe count for a location corresponding to a respective pixel.
19 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each pixel of the rasterized image is encoded with at least one property representing the probe data point count associated with a respective pixel and at least one additional property representing a travel speed, an average heading angle, or a lane marking observation associated with the respective pixel.
20 . The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the least one property representing the probe data point count associated with the respective pixel is encoded in a first channel, wherein the at least one additional property is encoded in a second channel.
21 . The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the first channel comprises an intensity value, and wherein the second channel comprises a color value.