Method of making turbocharger including cast titanium compressor wheel
A method of making an air boost device, wherein a compressor wheel incorporated therein is re-designed to permit die inserts ( 20 ), which occupy the air passage and define the blades ( 4, 5 ) during a process of forming a wax pattern ( 21 ) of a compressor wheel, to be pulled without being impeded by the blades. This modified blade design enables the automated production of wax patterns ( 21 ) using simplified tooling. These wax patterns ( 21 ) can be used in a large-scale investment casting process, and produce an economical cast titanium compressor wheel which performs aerodynamically at high boost pressure/RPM.
1. A method for manufacturing an air boost device, said method comprising:
introducing a sacrificial material into a die comprised of a plurality of rigid die inserts ( 20 ) to form a compressor wheel pattern comprising a hub ( 1 ) defining an axis of rotation and backswept aerodynamic blades ( 4 , 5 ) carried on said hub,
extracting said die inserts ( 20 ) radially or along a curve to expose said compressor wheel pattern,
forming a mold by a lost wax process around said compressor wheel pattern ( 21 ),
forming a titanium compressor wheel by investment casting in said mold, and
mounting said titanium compressor wheel within a compressor housing.
2. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said compressor wheel is a centrifugal compressor wheel adapted for drawing air in axially, accelerating said air centrifugally, and discharging air radially.
3. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said compressor housing includes a volute-shaped chamber adapted for receiving air discharged from said compressor wheel.
4. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said die insert retraction is by an automated process.
5. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said die retraction is by a hydraulic, pneumatic, or electric process.
6. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said die comprises one die insert ( 20 , 20 ′) to define each of said air passages between adjacent blades.
7. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said die comprises two die inserts ( 20 , 20 ′) to define each of said air passages between adjacent blades.
8. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said die comprises three die inserts ( 20 , 20 ′) to define each of said air passages between adjacent blades.
9. A method as in claim 1 , wherein said aerodynamic blades comprise alternating full blades ( 4 ) and splitter blades ( 5 ).
10. A method for manufacturing a turbocharger, comprising:
designing a compressor wheel pattern shape with an annular hub ( 1 ) and a plurality of backswept blades ( 4 , 5 ), each blade including a leading edge ( 18 ), an outer edge adapted for close passage to a turbocharger compressor housing, and a trailing edge ( 16 ), wherein said blades ( 4 , 5 ) define air passages between adjacent blades and are contoured such that each of said air passages between adjacent blades can be defined by not more than three die inserts ( 20 ) inserted between adjacent blades and respectively retractable along a radial or curved path by an automated process,
forming a pattern of said compressor wheel by introducing a sacrificial material into a die comprised of a plurality of rigid die inserts ( 20 ),
extracting said rigid die inserts ( 20 ) radially or along a curve to expose said compressor wheel pattern,
forming a mold by a lost wax process around said compressor wheel pattern ( 21 ),
forming a titanium compressor wheel by investment casting in said mold, and
mounting said compressor wheel within said turbocharger compressor housing.
11. A method as in claim 10 , wherein said blades comprise full blades and splitter blades.
12. A method as in claim 10 , wherein said titanium compressor wheel is formed of a titanium alloy.
13. A method as in claim 12 , wherein said titanium alloy comprises 85-95% titanium, 2-8% aluminum, and 2-6% vanadium.
14. A method as in claim 12 , wherein said titanium alloy comprises approximately 90% titanium, 6% aluminum, and 4% vanadium.