Foodware with multilayer stick resistant ceramic coating and method of making
A foodware article having a multilayer, stick resistant, ceramic coating. The foodware article of the present invention includes a metal foodware article having an inner food-contacting surface and an outer surface; a bonding layer deposited on the food-contacting surface; and a first layer of (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited adjacent to the bonding layer. There is optionally a layer of chromium nitride deposited adjacent to the first (Ti,Al,Cr)N layer, and a second layer of (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited on the chromium nitride layer. These layers can be repeated as many times as desired. The (Ti, Al, Cr)N layer is generally the top layer of the multiplayer coating. The coating is stick resistant, scratch resistant, thermally stable, corrosion resistant, and color stable. The foodware is suitable for use with both salty-based and acidic-based foods. A method of making such a foodware article is also disclosed.
1. A foodware article having a multilayer, stick resistant, ceramic coating comprising:
a metal foodware article having an inner food-contacting surface and an outer surface;
a bonding layer deposited on the food-contacting surface;
a first layer of (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited adjacent to the bonding layer; and
alternating layers of chromium nitride and (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited on the first (Ti,Al,Cr)N layer.
2. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein the bonding layer is a metal.
3. The foodware article of claim 2 wherein the metal is selected from titanium, chromium, zirconium, or alleys thereof.
4. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein a thickness of each of the (Ti,Al,Cr)N layers and the chromium nitride layers is in a range of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 microns.
5. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein the metal foodware article is made of a material selected from steel, stainless steel, copper, titanium, cast iron, aluminum, clad material, or alloys thereof.
6. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein a total thickness of the multilayer coating is in the range of from about 1.0 to about 20 microns.
7. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein a top layer of the multilayer coating is (Ti,Al,Cr)N.
8. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein the multilayer coating is deposited by a physical vapor deposition method.
9. The foodware article of claim 1 wherein the multilayer coating is deposited by a cathodic arc deposition process.
10. A foodware article having a multilayer, stick resistant, ceramic coating comprising:
a metal foodware article having an inner food-contacting surface and an outer surface;
a bonding layer deposited on the food-contacting surface;
a first layer of (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited adjacent to the bonding layer;
a first layer of chromium nitride deposited on the first (Ti,Al,Cr)N layer; and
a second layer of (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited on the first chromium nitride layer.
11. The foodware article of claim 10 wherein the bonding layer is a metal.
12. The foodware article of claim 11 wherein the metal is selected from titanium, chromium, zirconium, or alloys thereof.
13. The foodware article of claim 10 wherein the metal foodware article is made of a material selected from steel, stainless steel, copper, titanium, cast iron, aluminum, clad material, or alloys thereof.
14. The foodware article of claim 10 further comprising alternating layers of chromium nitride and (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited on the second (Ti,Al,Cr)N layer.
15. The foodware article of claim 14 wherein a thickness of each of the (Ti,Al,Cr)N layers and the chromium nitride layers is in a range of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 microns.
16. The foodware article of claim 10 wherein a total thickness of the multilayer coating is in the range of from about 1.0 to about 20 microns.
17. The foodware article of claim 10 wherein the multilayer coating is deposited by a physical vapor deposition method.
18. The foodware article of claim 10 wherein the multilayer coating is deposited by a cathodic arc deposition process.
19. The foodware article of claim 10 wherein a top layer of the multilayer coating is (Ti,Al,Cr)N.
20. A foodware article having a multilayer, stick resistant, ceramic coating comprising:
a metal foodware article having an inner food-contacting surface and an outer surface, the inner food-contacting surface having a surface roughness of less than 16 micro inches;
a bonding layer deposited on the food-contacting surface; and
a first layer of (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited on the bonding layer.
21. The foodware article of claim 20 wherein the bonding layer is a metal.
22. The foodware article of claim 21 wherein the metal is selected from titanium, chromium, zirconium, or alloys thereof.
23. The foodware article of claim 20 further comprising alternating layers of chromium nitride and (Ti,Al,Cr)N deposited on the first (Ti,Al,Cr)N layer.
24. The foodware article of claim 23 wherein a thickness of each of the (Ti,Al,Cr)N layers and the chromium nitride layers is in a range of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 microns.
25. The foodware article of claim 20 wherein the metal foodware article is made of a material selected from steel, stainless steel, copper, titanium, cast iron, aluminum, clad material, or alloys thereof.
26. The foodware article of claim 20 wherein a total thickness of the multilayer coating is in the range of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 microns.
27. The foodware article of claim 20 wherein a top layer of the multilayer coating is (Ti,Al,Cr)N.
28. The foodware article of claim 20 wherein the multilayer coating is deposited by a physical vapor deposition method.
29. The foodware article of claim 20 wherein the multilayer coating is deposited by a cathodic arc deposition process.