Method of straddling an intraosseous nerve

1. A method of therapeutically treating a bone having an intraosseous nerve ION defining first and second sides of the bone, comprising the steps of:

a) inserting an energy device having an active and a return electrode into the bone,

b) placing the active electrode on the first side of the bone and the return electrode on the second side of the bone to define a total heating zone therebetween, wherein the total heating zone comprises a resistive heating zone and a conductive heating zone, and the ION is therapeutically treated by both the resistive heating zone and the conductive heating zone, and

c) applying a sufficiently high frequency voltage between the active and return electrodes to generate a current therebetween to resistively heat the total heating zone sufficient to denervate the ION.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the bone is a vertebral body and the ION is a BVN.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the bone is healthy bone.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the resistive heating zone therapeutically heats a length L 1 of the ION, the total heating zone therapeutically heats a length L T of the ION, and the length L 1 is at least 25% of the total length LT of ION.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein the resistive heating zone has a peak temperature T IR , the conductive heating zone has a peak temperature T IC , and the peak temperature T IR of the resistive zone is no more than 15° C. greater than the peak temperature T IC of the conductive heating zone.

6. The method of claim 3 wherein the BVN is therapeutically treated essentially by a conductive heating zone.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the total heating zone comprises a resistive heating zone and a conductive heating zone, and the BVN is therapeutically treated by essentially only the conductive heating zone.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the BVN is separated from the resistive heating zone by a distance of no more than 10 mm.

9. The method of claim 6 wherein the total heating zone comprises two resistive heating zones separated by a conductive heating zone.

10. The method of claim 3 wherein the step of inserting includes a step of inserting a cannula into the bone.

11. The method of claim wherein the cannula has a bore having a stylet received therein.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the stylet is the probe.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the cannula is the probe.

14. The method of claim 10 wherein the cannula is withdrawn prior to insertion of the probe to create a bone hole, and the probe is inserted into the bone hole.

15. The method of claim 10 wherein the cannula is inserted into the bone prior to insertion of the probe, and the probe is inserted into the cannula bore.

16. The method of claim 3 wherein each electrode has an inner face, and the inner faces create an angle 2δ therebetween of no more than 60 degrees.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the angle 2δ is no more than 30 degrees.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein the angle 2δ is no more than 1 degree.

19. The method of claim 3 wherein the total heating zone has a peak temperature of between 80° C. and 95° C.

20. The method of claim 3 wherein the total heating zone has a peak temperature of between 86° C. and 94° C.

21. The method of claim 3 wherein the electrodes are spaced apart by a distance of between 5 mm and 25 mm.

22. The method of claim 3 wherein the electrodes are spaced apart by a distance of between 5 mm and 15 mm.

23. The method of claim 3 wherein the electrodes are spaced apart by a distance of between 10 mm and 15 mm.

24. The method of claim 3 wherein the energy device comprises a first probe having an active electrode and a second probe having a return electrode.

25. The method of claim 3 the step of inserting comprises the steps of:

inserting a first probe having an active electrode into a first pedicle, and

inserting a second probe having the return electrode into a second pedicle.

26. The method of claim 3 wherein the step of applying a voltage is sufficient to raise the minimum temperature in the total heating zone to at least 50° C. for between about 2 minutes and about 10 minutes.

27. The method of claim 3 wherein the step of applying a voltage is sufficient to raise the minimum temperature in the total heating zone to at least 60° C. for between about 0.5 minutes and about 1.5 minutes.

28. The method of claim 3 wherein the BVN has a posterior portion, and the step of applying is sufficient to denervate only the posterior portion of the BVN.