Coated substrate
Method for removing a portion of the binder phase from the surface of a substrate that is composed of particles of at least a first phase joined together by the binder phase, and wherein the surface is etched by contacting it with a gas flow of an etchant gas and a second gas. The second gas is one or more gases that will not react with the substrate or the removed binder phase and will not alter the oxidation state of the substrate during etching.
1. An article, comprising
a composite portion comprising hard constituent particles in a binder;
an etched surface region substantially free of eta phase, the etched surface region comprising substantially intact hard constituent particles and voids between the substantially intact hard constituent particles, wherein the voids extend to the composite portion and to a depth of between about 3 microns and about 15 microns; and
a wear resistant coating on the etched surface region and disposed in the voids.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the composite portion comprises at least one of cemented carbides and cermets.
3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the hard constituent particles comprise one or more material selected from the group consisting of:
a carbide material selected from the group consisting of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, niobium carbide, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, molybdenum carbide, and iron carbide;
a carbonitride of a refractory metal;
a nitride of a refractory metal;
a carbonitride of an element selected from the group consisting of W, Ti, Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, and Fe;
an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zirconium, and magnesium;
a boride of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zirconium, and magnesium;
a material comprising molybdenum; and
a material comprising tungsten.
4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the hard constituent particles comprise tungsten carbide and the binder comprises cobalt.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, elements within Group VIII of the periodic table, copper, tungsten, zinc, and rhenium.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating enhances the wear resistance of the article and is comprised of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of TiC, TiN, TiCN, Al 2 O 3 , TiAlN, HfN, HfCN, HfC, ZrN, ZrC, ZrCN, Cr 3 C 2 , CrN, and CrCN.
7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating is an MT-milling coating.
8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of metal cutting inserts, dies, punches, stamps, threading devices, blanking devices, milling devices, turning devices, drilling devices, boring devices, mining bits, drilling bits, tricone bits, percussive bits, road planing devices, wood working bits, wood working blades, drawing devices, heading devices, back extrusion devices, rod mill roll devices, and wear parts used in corrosive environments; and the coating enhances the wear resistance of the article.
9. An article, comprising:
a composite portion comprising hard constituent particles in a binder;
an etched surface region substantially free of eta phase, the etched surface region comprising substantially intact hard constituent particles and voids between the substantially intact hard constituent particles, wherein the voids extend to the composite portion to a depth of between about 3 microns and about 15 microns; and
a wear resistant multi-layer insert coating on the etched surface region and disposed in the voids, wherein the wear resistant multi-layer insert coating comprises two TiN layers of approximately 1 micron with a TiCN layer of approximately 3 microns disposed between the two TiN layers.
10. The article of claim 9 , wherein the composite portion comprises at least one of cemented carbides and cermets.
11. The article of claim 9 , wherein the hard constituent particles comprise one or more material selected from the group consisting of:
a carbide material selected from the group consisting of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, niobium carbide, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, molybdenum carbide, and iron carbide;
a carbonitride of a refractory metal;
a nitride of a refractory metal;
a carbonitride of an element selected from the group consisting of W, Ti, Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, and Fe;
an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zirconium, and magnesium;
a boride of an element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zirconium, and magnesium;
a material comprising molybdenum; and
a material comprising tungsten.
12. The article of claim 9 , wherein the hard constituent particles comprise tungsten carbide and the binder comprises cobalt.
13. The article of claim 9 , wherein the binder comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, elements within Group VIII of the periodic table, copper, tungsten, zinc, and rhenium.
14. The article of claim 9 , wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of metal cutting inserts, dies, punches, stamps, threading devices, blanking devices, milling devices, turning devices, drilling devices, boring devices, mining devices, drilling bits, tricone bits, percussive bits, road planing devices, wood working bits, wood working blades, drawing devices, heading devices, back extrusion devices, rod mill roll devices, and wear parts used in corrosive environments; and the coating enhances the wear resistance of the article.