Breeding and milking cows for milk free of β-casein A
A milk or other dairy product, capable of minimizing the onset of disease such as coronary heart disease or enhancing the immune response is derived from animals which are substantially free of the β-casein A 1 allele. Bulk milk can be produced by testing for and culling cows who test positive for the β-casein A 1 allele, or by producing immunoglobulins and other immune response proteins, in cow's milk from animals not possessing the β-casein A 1 allele, or other commercial milk producing animals, to this allele, to counteract the immnunosuppressant substances present that are produced from it, in commercial milking cows such as Holsteins, together with its blending with non-treated milk or the recovery of such immunoproteins.
1. A method of producing milk from one or more lactating bovines producing milk substantially free of β-casein A 1 but comprises at least one or more of β-caseins A 2 , A 3 , B, C, D and E, the method comprising the steps of:
(i) breeding one or more bovine bulls that are known not to have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 with bovine cows that do not have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 to give progeny cows which do not have DNA encoding β-casein A 1 ; and
(ii) milking the progeny cows.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 including the step of testing DNA or RNA from cells obtained from each of the bovine cows for the presence of DNA or RNA encoding β-casein A 1 .
3. The method as claimed in claim 2 when the DNA or RNA obtained from each of the bovine cows is obtained from blood, hair, or skin of the bovine cows.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 including the step of testing DNA or RNA from cells obtained from the one or more bovine bulls for the presence of DNA or RNA encoding any of β-caseins A 1 , B, C and F.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4 where the DNA or RNA obtained from the one or more bovine bulls is obtained from semen, blood, hair, or skin of the one or more bovine bulls.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 including the step of testing DNA or RNA from cells obtained from each of the bovine cows for the presence of DNA or RNA encoding any of β-caseins A 1 , B, C and F.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 when the DNA or RNA obtained from each of the bovine cows is obtained from blood, hair, or skin of the bovine cows.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 including the step of testing DNA or RNA from cells obtained from the one or more bovine bulls for the presence of DNA or RNA encoding β-casein A 2 .
9. The method as claimed in claim 8 where the DNA or RNA obtained from the one or more bovine bulls is obtained from semen, blood, hair, or skin of the one or more bovine bulls.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 including the step of testing DNA or RNA from cells obtained from each of the bovine cows for the presence of DNA or RNA encoding β-casein A 2 .
11. The method as claimed in claim 10 when the DNA or RNA obtained from each of the bovine cows is obtained from blood, hair, or skin of the bovine cows.
12. The method as claimed in claim 1 including the step of testing milk obtained from each of the bovine cows for the presence of β-casein A 1 .
13. The method as claimed in claim 1 where the breeding of the one or more bovine bulls with the bovine cows is by natural insemination or is by artificial insemination.
14. The method as claimed in claim 1 where the one or more bovine bulls and the bovine cows are Bos taurus bovines.
15. The method as claimed in claim 1 where the β-casein contained in the milk produced comprises β-casein A 2 in the amount greater than 95% by weight of the β-caseins in the milk.
16. The method as claimed in claim 1 where the β-casein contained in the milk produced comprises β-casein A 2 in the amount approximately 100% by weight of the β-caseins in the milk.
17. A method of producing milk from one or more lactating bovines producing milk substantially free of β-casein A 1 but comprises at least one or more of β-caseins A 2 , A 3 , B, C, D and E, the method comprising the steps of:
(i) breeding one or more bovine bulls that are known not to have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 with bovine cows that do not have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 to give progeny cows which do not have DNA encoding β-casein A 1 ; and
(ii) milking the progeny cows,
and wherein said one or more bovine bulls are known not to have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 are determined by testing DNA or RNA from cells obtained from one or more bovine bulls for the presence of DNA or RNA encoding β-casein A 1 .
18. The method as claimed in claim 17 where the DNA or RNA obtained from the one or more bovine bulls is obtained from semen, blood, hair, or skin of the one or more bovine bulls.
19. A method of producing milk from one or more lactating bovines producing milk substantially free of β-casein A 1 but comprises at least one or more of β-caseins A 2 , A 3 , B, C, D and E, the method comprising the steps of:
(i) breeding one or more bovine bulls that are known not to have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 with bovine cows that are known not to have DNA encoding for β-casein A 1 to give progeny cows which do not have DNA encoding β-casein A 1 ; and
(ii) milking the progeny cows.