Plants which synthesize a modified starch, process for the production thereof and modified starch
Nucleic acid molecules are described encoding a starch granule-bound protein as well as methods and recombinant DNA molecules for the production of transgenic plant cells and plants synthesizing a modified starch with modified viscosity properties and a modified phosphate content. Moreover, the plant cells and plants resulting from those methods as well as the starch obtainable therefrom are described.
1. A modified starch obtainable from a transgenic plant cell, or from a plant comprising said plant cell, said plant cell exhibiting a reduction in the amount of a protein that is present in the plant cell in starch granule-bound form as well as in soluble form and that is involved in the phosphorylation of starch when expressed in plants and/or that increases the phosphorylation of glycogen when expressed in E. coli , said protein encoded by a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of:
(a) a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein with the amino acid sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 2;
(b) a nucleic acid molecule comprising the coding region of the nucleotide sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 1;
(c) a nucleic acid molecule hybridizing to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) under stringent conditions;
(d) a nucleic acid molecule that has more than 80% sequence identity to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b); and
(e) a nucleic acid molecule the sequence of which is degenerate as a result of the genetic code to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) or (c) or (d);
wherein said modified starch has a phosphate content reduced by at least 50% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
2. The modified starch of claim 1 , wherein the phosphate content is reduced by at least 75% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
3. The modified starch of claim 2 , wherein the phosphate content is reduced by more than 80% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
4. The modified starch of any one of claims 1 – 3 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
5. A food comprising the modified starch of any one of claims 1 – 3 .
6. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 4 .
7. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of any one of claims 1 – 3 .
8. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 4 .
9. The industrial product of claim 7 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
10. The industrial product of claim 8 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
11. A modified starch obtainable from a transgenic plant cell, or from a plant comprising said plant cell, said plant cell exhibiting reduced GBSS-I activity and exhibiting a reduction in the amount of a protein that is present in the plant cell in starch granule-bound form as well as in soluble form and that is involved in the phosphorylation of starch when expressed in plants and/or that increases the phosphorylation of glycogen when expressed in E. coli , said protein encoded by a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of:
(a) a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein with the amino acid sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 2;
(b) a nucleic acid molecule comprising the coding region of the nucleotide sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 1;
(c) a nucleic acid molecule hybridizing to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) under stringent conditions;
(d) a nucleic acid molecule that has more than 80% sequence identity to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b); and
(e) a nucleic acid molecule the sequence of which is degenerate as a result of the genetic code to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) or (c) or (d);
wherein the amylose content of said modified starch is below 5% and wherein the phosphate content of said modified starch is reduced by at least 50% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
12. The modified starch of claim 11 , wherein the amylose content is below 2%.
13. The modified starch of claim 11 or 12 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
14. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 11 or 12 .
15. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 13 .
16. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 11 or 12 .
17. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 13 .
18. The industrial product of claim 16 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
19. The industrial product of claim 17 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
20. A modified starch obtainable from a transgenic plant cell, or from a plant comprising said plant cell, wherein the synthesis of a branching enzyme is reduced in said plant cell and wherein said plant cell exhibits a reduction in the amount of a protein that is present in the plant cell in starch granule-bound form as well as in soluble form and that is involved in the phosphorylation of starch when expressed in plants and/or that increases the phosphorylation of glycogen when expressed in E. coli , said protein encoded by a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of:
(a) a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein with the amino acid sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 2;
(b) a nucleic acid molecule comprising the coding region of the nucleotide sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 1;
(c) a nucleic acid molecule hybridizing to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) under stringent conditions;
(d) a nucleic acid molecule that has more than 80% sequence identity to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b); and (e) a nucleic acid molecule the sequence of which is degenerate as a result of the genetic code to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) or (c) or (d);
wherein the amylose content of said modified starch is increased compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
21. The modified starch according to claim 20 , wherein the amylose content is more than 50%.
22. The modified starch according to claim 21 , wherein the amylose content is more than 60%.
23. The modified starch according to any one of claims 20 – 22 , wherein said modified starch has a phosphate content reduced by at least 50% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
24. The modified starch according to claim 23 , wherein said modified starch has a phosphate content reduced by at least 75% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
25. The modified starch according to any one of claims 20 – 22 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
26. The modified starch according to claim 23 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
27. The modified starch according to claim 24 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
28. A food comprising the modified starch of any one of claims 20 – 22 .
29. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 23 .
30. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 24 .
31. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 25 .
32. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 26 .
33. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 27 .
34. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of any one of claims 20 – 22 .
35. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 23 .
36. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 24 .
37. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 25 .
38. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 26 .
39. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 27 .
40. The industrial product of claim 34 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
41. The industrial product of claim 35 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
42. The industrial product of claim 36 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
43. The industrial product of claim 37 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
44. The industrial product of claim 38 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
45. The industrial product of claim 39 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
46. A modified starch obtainable from a transgenic plant cell, or from a plant comprising said plant cell, wherein the synthesis of a branching enzyme is reduced in said plant cell and wherein said plant cell exhibits a reduction in the amount of a protein that is present in the plant cell in starch granule-bound form as well as in soluble form and that is involved in the phosphorylation of starch when expressed in plants and/or that increases the phosphorylation of glycogen when expressed in E. coli , said protein encoded by a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of:
(a) a nucleic acid molecule encoding a protein with the amino acid sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 2;
(b) a nucleic acid molecule comprising the coding region of the nucleotide sequence indicated in SEQ ID NO: 1;
(c) a nucleic acid molecule hybridizing to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) under stringent conditions;
(d) a nucleic acid molecule that has more than 80% sequence identity to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b); and
(e) a nucleic acid molecule the sequence of which is degenerate as a result of the genetic code to the nucleic acid molecule of (a) or (b) or (c) or (d);
wherein the aqueous solution of this modified starch shows almost no increase in viscosity during heating or cooling in the Rapid Visco Analyser compared to an aqueous solution of a starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
47. The modified starch of claim 46 , wherein the amylose content is more than 50%.
48. The modified starch of claim 47 , wherein the amylose content is more than 60%.
49. The modified starch of any one of claims 46 – 48 , wherein said modified starch has a phosphate content reduced by at least 50% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
50. The modified starch of claim 49 , which has a phosphate content reduced by at least 75% compared to starch from a non-transgenic plant cell.
51. The modified starch of any one of claims 46 – 48 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
52. The modified starch of claim 49 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
53. The modified starch of claim 50 , wherein said plant cell is a potato plant cell.
54. A food comprising the modified starch of any one of claims 46 – 48 .
55. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 49 .
56. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 50 .
57. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 51 .
58. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 52 .
59. A food comprising the modified starch of claim 53 .
60. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of any one of claims 46 – 48 .
61. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 49 .
62. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 50 .
63. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 51 .
64. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 52 .
65. An industrial product comprising the modified starch of claim 53 .
66. The industrial product of claim 60 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
67. The industrial product of claim 61 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
68. The industrial product of claim 62 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
69. The industrial product of claim 63 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
70. The industrial product of claim 64 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.
71. The industrial product of claim 65 , which is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, adhesive, textile, plaster, concrete, fertilizer, medicine, toothpaste, and coal.