Methods and apparatus employing ionizing radiation for treatment of cardiac arrhythmia
Method and apparatus are disclosed employing ionizing radiation for forming lines of ablation or lesions in cardiac tissue to treat atrial fibrillation or other electrophysiological problems with the heart. The apparatus may include a catheter in which the radiation source is advanced hydraulically after the catheter is in place within the heart. Various fixation devices are also disclosed for fixing the location of the catheter within the heart.
1. Apparatus for treating cardiac tissue comprising:
an elongated catheter including proximal and distal end portions and defining a passageway extending between the end portions for receiving an ionizing radiation source therealong;
a lumen connector fixed at the distal end of the catheter;
remotely actuated control means for changing the shape of the distal end portion or a part thereof, and
an ionizing radiation source located in the passageway.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the remotely actuated control means comprises a steering wire extending through the catheter between the proximal and distal end portions, wherein the steering wire extends through the catheter to the distal end portion, curves at the distal end around the lumen connector and returns to the proximal end portion of the catheter.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 in which the remotely actuated control means comprises two steering wires extending through the catheter between the proximal and distal end portions.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a return passageway extending between the proximal and distal end portions and communicating with the source passageway in the distal end portion, the radiation source comprising at least one radioactive seed which can be advanced along the source passageway by fluid circulating from the proximal to the distal end of the source passageway and from the distal to the proximal end of the return passageway.