Use of VEGF and homologues to treat neuron disorders
The present invention relates to neurological and physiological dysfunction associated with neuron disorders. In (particular, the invention relates to the involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and homologues in the aetiology of motor neuron disorders. The invention further concerns a novel, mutant transgenic mouse (VEGF m/m ) with a homozygous deletion in the hypoxia responsive element (HRE) of the VEGF promoter which alters the hypoxic upregulation of VEGF. These mice suffer severe adult onset muscle weakness due to progressive spinal motor neuron degeneration which is reminiscent of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)—a fatal disorder with unknown aetiology. Furthermore, the neuropathy of these mice is not caused by vascular defects, but is due to defective VEGF-mediated survival signals to motor neurons. The present invention relates in particular to the isoform VEGF 165 which stimulates survival of motor neurons via binding to neuropilin-1, a receptor known to bind semaphorin-3A which is implicated in axon retraction and neuronal death, and the VEGF Receptor-2. The present invention thus relates to the usage of VEGF, in particular VEGF 165 , for the treatment of neuron disorders and relates, in addition, to the usage of polymorphisms in the VEGF promotor for diagnosing the latter disorders.
1. A method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a mammal, the method consisting essentially of administering to the mammal a neuroprotective amount of a VEGF-A protein, wherein the VEGF-A protein is isoform VEGF 165 and wherein the VEGF-A protein is administered intrathecally.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration is by infusion.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the infusion is by an implanted pump.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the intrathecal administration is by catheter to the spine.
5. A method of enhancing survival of a motor neuron in a mammal, the method consisting essentially of administering to the mammal an amount of a VEGF-A protein effective to enhance survival of the motor neuron, wherein the VEGF-A protein is isoform VEFG 165 and wherein the VEGF-A protein is administered intrathecally.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the motor neuron is hypoxic.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the administration is by infusion.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the infusion is by an implanted pump.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the intrathecal administration is by catheter to the spine.
10. A method of enhancing survival of a motor neuron, the method consisting essentially of contacting the motor neuron in vitro with an amount of a VEGF-A protein effective to enhance survival of the motor neuron, wherein the VEGF-A protein is isoform VEGF 165 .
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the motor neuron is hypoxic, under oxidative stress, or under serum deprivation.
12. A method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a mammal, the method consisting essentially of administering to the mammal a neuroprotective amount of a VEGF-A protein in a manner effective to treat ALS in the mammal, wherein the VEGF-A protein is isoform VEGF 165 .
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the VEGF-A protein is administered in a manner effective to bring the VEGF-A protein in contact with motor neurons in the central nervous system of the mammal.
14. A method of enhancing survival of a motor neuron in a mammal, the method consisting essentially of administering to the mammal an amount of a VEGF-A protein effective to enhance survival of the motor neuron, wherein the VEGF-A protein is isoform VEGF 165 .
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the motor neuron is hypoxic.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the VEGF-A protein is administered intrathecally.