Karl Fischer reagent
Karl Fischer reagent comprising iodide, sulphur dioxide with an initial concentration above 0.5 M, and imidazole/imidazole derivative dissolved in alcoholic solvent, whereby the molar ratio between the initial imidazole/imidazole derivative concentration and the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is above 10. The reagent contains a modifying substance that is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, or a primary or secondary alcohol, or a combination thereof. A method for the determination of water content by means of Karl Fischer coulometric titration in a diaphragm-free cell, whereby the Karl Fischer reagent is used, and the coulometric titration is carried out in a diaphragm-free cell. Use of the Karl Fischer reagent in a method for the determination of water content by means of coulometric titration.
1. A method for the determination of water content by means of Karl Fischer coulometric titration in a diaphragm-fee cell, whereby a Karl Fischer reagent, consisting essentially of iodide, sulphur dioxide, imidazole or an imidazole derivative, and a modifying substance for decreased production of oxidisable reduction products compared to a similar Karl Fischer reagent without said modifying agent, all dissolved in an alcoholic solvent, is used, and the coulometric titration is carried out in a diaphragm-free cell, characterized in that said Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent is a reagent in which the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is above 0.5 M, the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative concentration and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 10.5 or above, wherein the modifying substance is hexanol.
2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the Karl Fisher reagent is buffered at about pH 10.
3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the cathodic current density is in the range of about 500-5000 mA/cm 2 .
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is about 0.55M.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is about 0.6M.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 10.5.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 11.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is about 0.6M and the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 11.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the alcoholic solvent is selected from monohydric or dihydric alcohol that contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms and may be substituted with 1 to 4 halogen atoms, and mixtures thereof.
10. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent, consisting essentially of iodide, sulphur dioxide, imidazole or an imidazole derivative, and a modifying substance for decreased production of oxidisable reduction products compared to a similar Karl Fischer reagent without said modifying agent, all dissolved in an alcoholic solvent, characterized in that the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is above 0.5 M, the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative concentration and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 10.5 or above 40, wherein the modifying substance is hexanol.
11. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent according to claim 10 wherein the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is about 0.55M.
12. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent according to claim 10 wherein the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is about 0.6M.
13. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent according to claim 10 wherein the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 10.5.
14. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent according to claim 10 wherein the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 11.
15. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent according to claim 10 wherein the initial sulphur dioxide concentration is about 0.6M and the molar ratio between the initial imidazole or imidazole derivative and the initial sulfur dioxide concentration is 11.
16. A Karl Fischer coulometric titration reagent according to claim 10 wherein the alcoholic solvent is selected from monohydric or dihydric alcohol that contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms and may be substituted with 1 to 4 halogen atoms, and mixtures thereof.