Synthesis of ester linked long chain alkyl moieties
A process for preparing a mixture of cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate comprising reacting both myristic and palmitic acid with cetyl alcohol with an acid catalyst and one aromatic hydrocarbon at an elevated temperature and recovering from the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction the cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate.
1. A process for preparing a mixture of cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate which comprises, (i) reacting both myristic acid and palmitic acid with cetyl alcohol in the presence of a catalyst comprising phosphoric acid and at least one aromatic hydrocarbon selected from toluene, xylene and mixture thereof at a temperature of from 65° C. to 140° C., to form an aromatic hydrocarbon fraction containing cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate, and an aqueous fraction, and (ii) recovering from the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction the cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the ratios of the reactants is substantially stoichiometric.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the acid catalyst is one that will predominate in the aqueous fraction rather than that of said aromatic hydrocarbon.
4. The process of claim 3 wherein the acid catalyst will predominate almost exclusively in the aqueous fraction.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is 85% phosphoric acid.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction is separated from the aqueous fraction prior to recovering the cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate from the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction.
7. The process of claim 6 wherein substantially all of the catalyst is retained in the aqueous fraction.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein said aromatic hydrocarbon is toluene.
9. The process of claim 7 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon is a mixture of toluene and xylene.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein the cetyl myristate comprises from about 50 to about 98% w/w of the mixture.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the recovering of cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate is by crystallisation and recovery from the aromatic hydrocarbon.
12. A process for preparing a mixture of cetyl myristate and cetyl palmitate, wherein the process includes reacting cetyl alcohol with both myristic acid and palmitic acid admixed with at least one aromatic hydrocarbon selected from toluene, xylene and mixture thereof in the presence of phosphoric acid at a temperature of from 65° C. to 140° C. with agitation for several hours and recovering the mixture from the aromatic liquid hydrocarbon(s).
13. The process of claim 12 wherein the agitation is from 8 to 45 hours.
14. The process of claim 12 wherein recovery is by crystallization and filtration.
15. The process of claim 12 wherein the recovery of the esters is whilst reaction continues.