Prosthetic foot with tunable performance
A prosthetic foot ( 70 ) incorporates a foot keel ( 71 ) and a calf shank ( 72 ) connected to the foot keel to form an ankle joint area of the prosthetic fool. The foot keel has forefoot and hindfoot portions and an upwardly arched midfoot portion extending between the forefoot and midfoot portions. The calf shank includes a downward convexly curved lower end which is adjustably attached at a portion thereof to the foot keel by way of a releasable fastener arrangement which includes a coupling element ( 73 ) intermediate the calf shank and foot keel. The coupling element includes a resilient material forming a joint permitting subtalar joint-like motion of the prosthetic foot in gait.
1. A prosthetic foot comprising:
a longitudinally extending foot keel;
a coupling element connected to the foot keel;
a resilient, upstanding, anterior facing convexly curved calf shank above ankle joint height having a lower end connected to the coupling element to form an ankle joint area of the foot, and an upper end to connect with a supporting structure on an amputee's leg;
wherein the coupling element includes a resilient material between the foot keel and calf shank, said resilient material being elongated in a direction forming a joint having an oblique joint axis permitting closed kinetic chain motion of the prosthetic foot in gait, the oblique joint axis as projected on a sagittal plane being deviated with respect to a transverse plane with the anterior of the joint axis more proximal than the posterior of the joint axis, wherein said resilient material oblique joint axis in response to gait force provides a means for frontal plane foot keel and transverse plane calf shank motions.
2. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the joint axis as projected on a sagittal plane makes an angle within the range of 25-42° with respect to a transverse plane.
3. The prosthetic foot according to claim 2 , including means for changing the angle of inclination which the joint axis as projected on a sagittal plane makes with respect to a transverse plane.
4. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the joint axis is oriented to also permit motion of the foot about the joint axis in the sagittal plane.
5. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the joint axis runs from posterior, plantar and lateral to anterior, dorsal and medial.
6. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the joint axis as projected on a transverse plane is externally rotated at an angle within the range of 16-23° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the foot.
7. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein medial and lateral side surfaces of the coupling element along the joint axis are concavely curved for transferring and absorbing forces in motion of the foot about the joint axis.
8. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the joint mimics a subtalar joint to allow the prosthetic foot to function like a human foot.
9. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , further comprising an adjustable fastening arrangement to permit adjustment of the alignment of the calf shank and the foot keel with respect to one another in the longitudinal direction of the foot for tuning the performance of the prosthetic foot.
10. The prosthetic foot according to claim 9 , wherein the adjustable fastening arrangement includes at least one releasable fastener connecting the coupling element and the foot keel and a longitudinally extending opening in the foot keel through which the fastener extends to permit said adjustment of the alignment of the coupling element and calf shank.
11. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the lower end of the calf shank is downward, convexly curved.
12. The prosthetic foot according to claim 11 , wherein the convexly curved lower end of the calf shank has a radius of curvature which increases as the calf shank extends upwardly from its curved lower end.
13. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the lower end of the calf shank is generally parabola shaped with the smallest radius of curvature thereof located at the lower end and extending upwardly, and initially anteriorly therefrom.
14. The prosthetic foot according to claim 13 , wherein a posteriorally facing concavity is formed by the curvature of the calf shank, the posteriorally facing concavity having a surface with a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves and fins formed thereon to facilitate resilient compression of the calf shank while resisting expansion thereof in response to forces on the calf shank during use of the prosthetic foot.
15. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling element is integral with at least one of the foot keel and calf shank.
16. The prosthetic foot according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling element is bonded to each of the foot keel and calf shank to connect the lower end of the calf shank to the foot keel.
17. A prosthetic foot comprising:
a longitudinally extending foot keel;
a coupling element connected to the foot keel;
a resilient anterior facing convexly curved calf shank having a lower end secured to the coupling element, the calf shank and foot keel having respective, facing, convexly curved surfaces whose radii and relationship affect a dynamic response capability and motion outcome of the prosthetic foot in gait;
an adjustable fastening arrangement securing the calf shank to the foot keel by way of the coupling element, the fastening arrangement permitting adjustment of the relationship of the respective, convexly curved surfaces of the foot keel and calf shank to tune the performance of the prosthetic foot;
wherein the coupling element includes a resilient material between the foot keel and calf shank, said resilient material being elongated in a direction forming a joint having an oblique joint axis permitting closed kinetic chain motion of the prosthetic foot in gait, the oblique joint axis as projected on a sagittal plane being deviated with respect to a transverse plane with the anterior of the joint axis more proximal than the posterior of the joint axis, wherein said resilient material oblique joint axis in response to gait force provides a means for frontal plane foot keel and transverse plane calf shank motions.
18. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the joint axis as projected on a sagittal plane makes an angle within the range of 25-42° with respect to a transverse plane.
19. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , including means for changing the angle of inclination which the joint axis as projected on a sagittal plane makes with respect to a transverse plane.
20. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the joint axis is oriented to also permit motion of the foot about the joint axis in a sagittal plane.
21. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the joint axis runs from posterior, plantar and lateral to anterior, dorsal and medial.
22. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the joint axis as projected on a transverse plane is externally rotated at an angle within the range of 16 to 23° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the foot.
23. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein medial and lateral side surfaces of the coupling element along the joint axis are concavely curved for transferring and absorbing forces in motion of the foot about the joint axis.
24. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the joint mimics a subtalar joint to allow the prosthetic foot to function like a human foot.
25. A prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the respective convexly curved surfaces include the dorsal surface of a midfoot portion of the foot keel and a downward and anteriorly facing surface of the calf shank.
26. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the adjustable fastening arrangement includes at least one releasable fastener and a longitudinally extending opening in the foot keel through which the fastener extends to permit adjustment of the alignment of the calf shank and foot keel in the longitudinal direction of the foot keel.
27. The prosthetic foot according to claim 17 , wherein the lower end of the calf shank is generally parabola shaped with the smallest radius of curvature thereof located at the lower end and extending upwardly, and initially anteriorly therefrom.