Use of xenon for the control of neurological deficits associated with cardiopulmonary bypass
The present invention relates to methods of controlling neurological deficits in patients who have undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by administering xenon to said patients.
1. A method of controlling one or more neurological deficits associated with cardiopulmonary bypass in a mammal, said method comprising administering to the mammal:
(i) prior to the commencement of cardiopulmonary bypass a gaseous mixture comprising xenon, the xenon having a percent concentration by volume of between about 12.5% and 50%; and
(ii) during cardiopulmonary bypass a gaseous mixture comprising xenon, the xenon having a percent concentration by volume of between about 12.5% and 50%.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein xenon is administered in step (i) prior to commencement of cardiopulmonary bypass during preparatory surgery.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more neurological deficits are selected from neuromotor or neurocognitive deficits.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the xenon is administered in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the xenon is administered in the form of a 70 to 30% by volume xenon/oxygen mixture.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the xenon is administered in step (ii) intravenously.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
(iii) administering xenon to said mammal after cardiopulmonary bypass.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the xenon is administered in step (iii) as a gaseous mixture comprising a percent volume concentration of xenon between about 12.5% and 50%.
9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein xenon is administered in step (iii) after the heart has been restarted; during the final stages of surgery; or after the heart has been restarted and during the final stages of surgery.
10. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the xenon is administered in step (iii) via inhalation.
11. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the xenon is administered in step (iii) intraveneously.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the xenon is administered in step (iii) as a liquid emulsion.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the xenon is administered during steps (i) and (ii) under hypothermic conditions.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the xenon is administered during steps (i) and (ii) under hypothermic conditions at a temperature of 33° C.