Solution and method for scavenging sulphur compounds
There is disclosed herein a solution for removing a sulphur compound or carbon dioxide from a fluid and methods for its use, said solution comprising sulphuric acid, a metal at between about 0.05 to 10 percent by weight, an amine at between about 10 to 80 percent by volume and water. In one aspect, the sulphuric acid is in the form of a chelating agent and in another it is in the form of a derivative of a sulphur-based acidic compound. The sulphur compound may be hydrogen sulphide, carbonyl sulphide or a mercaptan. In one aspect, the method is practiced at temperatures significantly below zero. In another aspect, this invention is an acid/amine solution comprising sulphuric acid, sulphuric acid in the form of a chelating agent, or a derivative of a sulphur-based acidic compound and monoethanolamine. This solution may be used as a source of monoethanolamine.
1. A solution for removing a sulphur compound or carbon dioxide from a fluid, said solution comprising:
(a) sulphuric acid, at between about 0.1 to 4 percent by volume of the solution;
(b) a metal, at between about 0.05 to 10 percent by weight of the solution;
(c) an amine, at between about 10 to 80 percent by volume of the solution; and
(d) water.
2. The solution of claim 1 wherein the sulphur compound is selected from a group consisting of: hydrogen sulphide, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, n-propyl mercaptan, iso-butyl mercaptan and carbonyl sulphide.
3. The solution of claim 1 wherein the metal is selected from a group consisting of: copper, zinc, iron, magnesium or manganese.
4. The solution of claim 1 wherein the metal is copper.
5. The solution of claim 1 wherein the metal is zinc.
6. The solution of claim 1 wherein the amine is a primary amine.
7. The solution of claim 1 wherein the amine is selected from a group consisting of: monoethanolamine, diglycolamine, methyldiethanolamine.
8. The solution of claim 1 wherein the amine is a mixture of amines.
9. The solution of claim 1 wherein the sulphuric acid is present at between about 0.1 to 2 percent by volume of the solution.
10. The solution of claim 9 wherein the metal is present at between about 1 to 5 percent by weight of the solution.
11. The solution of claim 10 wherein the amine is present at between about 25 to 50 percent by volume of the solution.
12. A method of removing a sulphur compound or carbon dioxide from a fluid, comprising:
(a) preparing a solution according to any one of the above claims, and
(b) contacting the fluid with the solution.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the sulphur compound is selected from a group consisting of: hydrogen sulphide, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, n-propyl mercaptan, iso-butyl mercaptan and carbonyl sulphide.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the fluid is a gas.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein the fluid is a liquid.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein the gas is natural gas.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein the gas is air.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the liquid comprises a liquid hydrocarbon.
19. The method of claim 15 wherein the liquid is drilling mud.
20. The method of claim 12 practiced at a temperature of between about 0° C. and −51° C.
21. The method of claim 12 practiced at a temperature of between about −10° C. and 40° C.
22. A method of removing a sulphur compound or carbon dioxide from a gas, which method comprises:
(a) preparing a solution according to any one of the above claims, and
(b) contacting the gas with the solution,
and characterized in that the method is performed at a temperature of between about 0° C. and −51° C.
23. The method of claim 22 performed at a temperature of between about −10° C. and 40° C.
24. The method of claim 22 performed at a temperature of between about −20° C. and 40° C.
25. The method of claim 22 performed at a temperature of between about −10° C. and −30° C.
26. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the sulphuric acid is present at between about 1 to 4 percent by volume of the solution.
27. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the sulphuric acid is present at about 2 percent by volume of the solution.
28. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the sulphuric acid is present at about 2.3 percent by volume of the solution.
29. The solution of claim 1 , wherein the solution has a pH of between about 8 and 12.