Processes for sintering aluminum and aluminum alloy components
Methods for sintering aluminum powder comprise providing aluminum powder and heating the aluminum powder in a nitrogen atmosphere containing a partial pressure of water vapor in the range of about 0.001 kPa to about 0.020 kPa to sinter the aluminum powder to a transverse rupture strength of at least about 13.8 MPa. The aluminum powder is not pressed together by a mechanical force that substantially deforms particles of said aluminum powder either prior to or during the step of heating. Articles comprising sintered aluminum powder. The sintered aluminum powder has a transverse rupture strength of at least about 13.8 MPa. The microstructure of the sintered aluminum powder contains no compositional concentration gradients indicative of the use of a sintering aid and no evidence of particle deformation having occurred by an application of a mechanical force prior to or during the sintering of the aluminum powder.
1. A process for sintering aluminum powder comprising the steps of:
a) providing an aluminum powder; and
b) heating said aluminum powder, in an atmosphere consisting of nitrogen and a partial pressure of water vapor in the range of about 0.00 1 kPa to about 0.02 kPa, at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time to sinter said aluminum powder to a transverse rupture strength of at least about 13.8 MPa and a relative density of at least about 60%,
wherein said aluminum powder is not pressed together by a mechanical force prior to or during said step of heating.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said aluminum powder has a composition consisting essentially of aluminum.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said aluminum powder is an aluminum alloy.
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of mixing said aluminum powder with ceramic powder.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein said ceramic powder includes at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, silicon carbide, boron nitride, and refractory carbides.
6. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of mixing said aluminum powder with a sintering aid.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the composition of said sintering aid includes at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium and tin.
8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of forming said aluminum powder into a shape prior to said step of heating.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein said step of forming includes containerization of said aluminum powder.
10. The process of claim 8 , wherein said step of forming includes metal injection molding of said aluminum powder.
11. The process of claim 8 , wherein said step of forming includes forming said aluminum powder by a layered manufacturing technique.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the layered manufacturing technique includes the three-dimensional printing (3DP) process.
13. The process of claim 11 , wherein the layered manufacturing technique includes the selective laser sintering (SLS) process.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein said partial pressure of the water vapor is in the range of about 0.003 kPa to about 0.015 kPa.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein said aluminum powder consists of particles in the size range of between about 1 micron to about 500 microns.
16. The process of claim 15 , wherein the size range of said aluminum powder particles is between about 45 microns and 106 microns.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the step of heating, said aluminum powder is sintered to a relative density of at least about 75%.
18. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the step of heating, said aluminum powder is sintered to a relative density of at least about 85%.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the step of heating, said aluminum powder is sintered to a relative density of at least about 95%.